Transcription
My computer okay. I give the name assignment as you have started learning about nine ideas about languages and certain characteristics, commonalities about languages. Every language has certain rules. Uh, there are dialects, right? There are some dialects. Everybody speaks with a dialect. Okay. So that name assignment, the purpose of that name assignment is to uh, uh show that there are commonalities among languages. Like my name, Dennis, is a Turkish name, but this name can be found in French in a different way. It is found in also my colleagues in the Spanish program; they said that this name, my name, is spelled exactly the same way, and it is a name there too. Like are other names? There are other names, uh, like this semester I discovered like I, Omar. Omar is a name; it's usually an Arabic name, but my I have had students from uh Spanish-speaking countries where a a male student had a name Omar, and then this semester there is a student who's from Israel, I believe, who has the name Omar. So the commonalities of among languages, that's why what is difficult about this assignment? Excuse me. What is difficult about the name assignment? Can you please say hi, Daniela? Good evening. What the question? What is what is difficult about the name assignment? I'm going to show you how how to cite. You're go you can go to Wikipedia. There you can get the name, your name's meaning there. Use the quotations and explain it, and then after you if you provide a quotation, you need to provide in parentheses the the title of the entry, the the top what it says at the top, the title of that web page. Okay, Daniela has a companion there, a companion. Okay, okay. Good evening. Now let me uh go to this week's assignment. Okay. I think this is this is not compulsory. These weekly the monthly checking sessions are not compulsory. They are if you can you attend. That's why I'm recording it. If you cannot, I copied it. I copy and I posted uh I change turn it to a YouTube video. Okay. There's somebody else also. Okay, AKMM. I think how do you pronounce your name? How do you how do you pronounce your name? A K K Y M? Aim? Akim. Okay. So let me go to this week's uh yes, this week's assignment. Let's see here. Week week six, right? Week I have do you okay. Week six. Do can you see my screen everyone? Yes. Okay. So we are pragmatics is is the use of language depending on the context, right? Depending on who the person who the people are, the situation, uh the location. So uh Maxes there is a chapter in the book, and I uploaded uh some of the chap book chapters, although you are not required to purchase a book. I uploaded the chapter of the book; you can read that. Okay. There's more coming, and then uh you can hear there is I think I oh, there are more students coming. Omar. Okay, good. Okay. So what are these uh pragmatics? Ring Grice. Grice. Grice is an is a philosopher, and he came up with four maxims, four rules that we pay attention to when we speak. So I have a I have a I have a what is it um maximum of maximum of quantity, maximum accuracy, maximum of manner, maxim of relevance. Maximum of quantity is how are you today? What do you say? I'm fine. I'm good. I'm fine. Thank you. But you say, oh, Professor, I had a bad day, or I had an anxiety day. First, I got a phone call from my best friend; we went there, and then this happened, that happened. I I'm I just said how are you today? How how is how is everything? If you so the quantity you're violated. This is uh violation uh violating the rule of quantity. Maxim of accuracy is not telling the truth. Is not telling when I say okay uh are you sick today? Let's say I I'm asking Daniela. Daniela, you look good today. So like you look healthy. Are you sick today? And if Daniela says uh I'm no I'm I'm fine, Professor, but if she says I have a terrible headache, I you know if she's not sick, but if she said something wrong, the contrary, then it's it violates the accuracy. Maximum of accuracy. Okay. We all know these. Maxim of manner is okay. Okay. There are more students coming. Good. I'm glad. Okay. Maxim of manner is not telling uh the what is if there is if there is ambiguity. There is a a a PowerPoint. I believe I have a PowerPoint example of maxims. Uh yes, there is. There's a PowerPoint here. Can you see my screen? Yes. Yes. Can you see there is this? You're going to create you're going to make maxim of manner is ambiguity. If you know what was your day today uh I don't know what to say. You know, when you say well, it was good, it was bad, you know, there is not clear answer. Maxim of that, and then there's another maxim, the fourth maxim of maxim of relevance. When you say uh did you like the movie? You went to a movie. Did you enjoy the movie? Oh, it's raining outside. Is that a relevant answer? No. So you're create you're violating this. So there is a correct answer and a violation of the answer. So this is my previous students. So you need to go to this here. I'm jumping from one. You need to please go to pragmatics. You can read the chapter, but there are videos. Please watch the videos. These videos are useful. Uh what is this? I have two assignments, exercise, semantic and speaker meaning. Semantic meaning is the dictionary meaning. Speaker meaning is the implied meaning. Can we look at this one please? I'm just going through the assignments that you need to. These are short assignments. Maybe some of you uh have already submitted. Do you hear me well? Is there a problem? Are you is everything okay? Yes. Yes. Yes. Okay. Okay. Good. Good. Good. Okay. Like this is an e you know, this is an easy assignment. It's hot in here. When you say oh, it's it's hot in here, what does that mean? The temperature is hot. That's the semantic meaning, but what's the speaker meaning? There's an implied meaning. When you go you know you're in a meeting uh and then there's a a big discussion, or we you know, should we have like there is a a committee of people, and they want to decide where to go, what to do, what decision to make, but there is a discussion, and there there is no decision. People are arguing back and forth. There's a big discussion, and they they they don't seem to agree with each other. So there is a violation. It's getting hot here. It's that's what it means. It's getting hot here, but another one could be what could be another one? This is like it is getting H if there are like sexy ladies, handsome men, you know, it's getting hot here. That's another meaning. Do you understand? I think I asked that it's hot in here. This is from the book. The temperature is high. Explain the contextual okay setting and a person. So what is what could be another meaning? Could you think of two other speaker meanings? Speaker meaning speaker meaning meaning changes depending on the context the speaker says this. Oh, it's getting hotti here. We we're discussing back and forth, and we're not you know, we're not reaching a a solution. Reaching we're not coming to a solution, and then there are like sexy individuals here. That's another meaning. Okay. So you need to give examples. What when do we say Mr. Smith, Smiey, dude, Johnny? So the are these are more friendly ways of addressing a casual remember casual uh format uh formal um each language has it's each Lang language has its formats, formality and informal casual. So you you need to discuss when we use these. Okay. That's that, and then let me go to the other assignment. You need to study, watch the videos. The videos explain the maxims much better then, and then where is the other assignment? Yes, here. Do you see Grice maxims in comics? So go to where's the comics? Yeah. No, you need to click here. You need to create yeah. Click here. Make believe, and then I don't want to do it here, but you're going to you can select characters at the at the top. You will see characters. You can select characters, and you can create. It doesn't need to be the same like maxim of relevance uh maximum of quantity. Like try to keep the same uh like there is one correct maxim of relevance, one incorrect correct. This student did it in a in not in the in not the same order. I can send you some correct maxim of manner. Where is the incorrect maxim of manner? Okay. Correct maxim of Hey, Steve, how are you today? I'm doing quite well, thank you. This is correct, right? This is correct. That's what people will say. Maxim hi Steve, how are you today? Is it the same picture? Yes. Yes. So use the same characters, but you can use different characters for each maxim, and please keep the same characters for the violation. Violation means not using the correct not using the maxim in the correct way. So you know the usual well, this is there is some kind of ambiguity here, right? There is some kind of ambiguity. Okay. Do you understand? When you watch the videos, you will understand much better. Okay. Let's go to so you have these short uh two assignments today, I mean this week, and then um one quiz, right? One quiz. Let me go go back. How do I go back? Go back. Go back. Okay. Discussion list. No content H okay. Content. Go to week six. Week six. Okay. Yeah. So these are and then I have a h uh I should have a a where is that PowerPoint? PowerPoint somewhere. Pragmatics is this a Maxs? Okay. Is this pragmatics? I I I thought I downloaded the PowerPoint. Is it is this is this is it? No, that's not it. That's not the PowerPoint. I okay. I downloaded the PowerPoint here. Watch the video. Pragmatics website uh philosophy. No. Is this where the okay. Okay. So this is a good video. Watch this one. I have a PowerPoint, and in the PowerPoint it says um I see I see I saw a man through the telescope with the telescope, and it comes from the book. When you say I saw a man with the telescope, you can watch that is maxim of manner, violation of Maximum manner because it's ambiguous. When you say I see a man with a telescope, using the telescope, through the telescope, or a person holding the telescope. So that's ambiguity. Do you sometimes experience ambiguities in in your conversations? Do you sometimes misunderstand the other person? Can you give me an example of misunderstanding other person because of they violate one of these uh rules, relevance? Like you know you you ask a question, but a different answer is provided, right? Do you sometimes experience that? Sometimes sometimes you do. Okay. It depends on you know the person. If the person is uh talking too much and so okay. So this is some general uh rules that we need to pay attention to. Pragmatics is as we said how we use language in the con in the context, depending on the context. It is contextual, cultural information. Okay. So we learned uh what did we learn? We learned phonology, morphology, syntax. Syntax is sentence structure, right? Semantics, meaning, and pragmatics is the contextual clues that would help us to understand the language. Okay. I think that's that's what it is. That's these are the uh and then take the quiz. I'm going to go over your quizzes of uh nine ideas because there were some blanks. I will correct them if you put the right answer. Let me go back. Content. Let me go over that uh let me see if there's a excuse me, just a minute. Okay. Okay. Okay. Excuse me uh can you all see me? Can can you all see the screen? Yes. Yes. Yes. The chapter qu this is I believe this is the third chap third uh quiz. The first quiz was about uh syllabus. The second one was on run-on sentences, and this is the quiz on animal communication. Nine ideas. The first one, what is the first question uh women what where is the first question? The language people use determines who they are. When we listen to somebody, we make people make a decision about that person in 3 seconds. As soon as they speak, do you know that immediately uh when when you open your mouth, you say something, you start speaking, they make a decision about you in in very short time, and that the language people use determines who they are. So this is this true false? It's true. We make it we make a decision about that person, not not about the clothes, but about the language that they speak. Okay. And then the second one is what is that? Women speak more than men do. Oh, I know this is a true statement and has been proven in many research studies uh I know man. Do you know any man who can speak more than women? We're going to we're going to discuss that in the language and gender next. Do you know any man who speak more than women? I know several. Okay. It but what's the general opinion? Women talk too much, right? Have you heard that before? Yeah. I'm sure you did. I'm sure. Okay. Human language is human language is is unique, yet it could be creative. It is creative. Human beings create with the language, but it's unique because people can create and present ideas. Okay. I'm just giv children learn to talk by by by imitating givers and role models. Okay. Bees communicate where they have found food by performing the waggle dance, right? We watch the wagle dance Mo uh the video, and children can associate with uh words and symbols, you know, symbol and word, the the the word and the the picture. Okay. And then a person uh specific way of speaking is called like I I speak my native language. My sister speaks my native language as well, or my parents speak my my uncle, my aunts speak the same native language that I speak, but they have a little different language than I do. They I use all the time aren't isn't this true? Are are you sure? I use certain expressions that they might not use. So it say it idct is everybody's style of speaking is different than others. Okay. Coco can communicate with humans using sign language. You watch that in the video. The scientific study of language is called linguistics. What language uh style is used in close family circles? The casual style, right? These are one of the one nine ideas. Okay. So I went over that. You can do it. You can if you missed the quiz, if you want to go back and uh change it. Okay. So uh we are after after week six, we are moving towards language and gender. Yes. Next week, this coming week, I will give you some just like nine ideas. I will give you Rubin lock offs. You will read short seg one or two paragraphs of a parts of a chapter from the book that I use. I used to ask my students to purchase it. Will be posted there. It is posted posted there. So you're going to summarize it. So we're getting close to the language and gender um um paper, and in this paper you're going to you can there are you have choices. Excuse me. Let me stop share. You have choices in the language and paper, language and gender paper. This is a uh linguistics class, so one of the objectives of this class is students need to gather data. They need to gather data and analyze data, discourse analysis uh since we are ESL students, but I am not limiting my students. You can um I did an I collaborated. It's called collaborative online international learning. I collaborated with it was a grand project. BMCC got it. LaGuardia got it. LaGuardia Community College got got it, and then I they selected some professors from LaGuardia, Queens College um and some other colleges, Queens College, LaGuardia, Kingsboro, EMCC, and uh the new Community College at CUNY. What's that uh there's another Community College. Do you know do you remember? Okay. There's another one uh the Brooklyn one, Brook not Brooklyn, not not um there's another one, a new Community College. So there were faculty members. We all got together, and the the uh Stevens initiative. Do you know Steve is initiative? Well, it's like I'm okay. Maxim quantity. I'm violating maxim of the grand project was uh the grand project was was provided by Stevens initiative. Stevens initiative is a a a foundation that creates a communication between universities between the United States and North North Africa and the Middle East, and my partner Professor was from Jordan, and we had cross-disciplinary. He he was he is a a health nursing professor, and I am a writing professor, ESL professor. So we communicated, and we we work on social justice issues. So he interviewed me on if I have been discriminated in any way. So you will listen to my discrimination story, and that's a true story. Really believe believe me. You know, that's really a true story. What happened to my speak? Okay uh and then I there are sets of questions. You can if you if this was I asked my students when we did that, my students in that class they were in regular Lin 100 class. It wasn't the L Lin 100.6. So there are questions. Okay. Tell me about yourself. Who are you? You know, have you ever been discriminated? That's the key key question. Has your have your rights been violated? Have you ever been have you ever felt you know uncomfortable that you you couldn't do what you wanted to do in a context? So and then what happen uh what would you what would your suggestion be? So you can ask those questions, interview somebody in your community or somebody in this group in this group in this class, or you can watch my video and analyze it, and we're going to analyze uh or you can watch there's I'm given options. You can use email messages, text messages, five uh text messages from female friends, female family members, five from uh male friends uh male family members. You can you can analyze the text the the the discourse of the the text messages or email messages. You can that's one topic. Another topic is the social justice interview. Another will be selecting a short segment of a of a movie that you like. I will I've given all these throughout the years. I've been teaching this class since 2015. I've given different varieties of uh variety of topics to my students. You can choose any one one topic to write a paper on it. I will again give you the outline, but you're going to look at um how much men and women speak in that like in that interview. Am I speaking a lot? Is he speaking a lot? Uh politeness strategies, vocabulary used, and then another important I'm teaching the language and gender a little bit. When people speak when PE when men and men and men they speak when they it's usually reporting, but that's not true. That's not always true. Reporting they okay guys, this is what we're going to do. First, we need to do that. We need to do that, and the next finally this is the last step, but it's not always true. Rapport building is oh hi, how are how did I greet you, right? That's politeness strategy. Hi, how are you? We I try to establish TI with you first, and then you know hi, how is everything going? Usually chat. Women to women speak this way, but this is all stereotyping. It's not correct. We are stereotyping. So rapport building report anyway. When we read, we understand. So you're going to analyze, and this is a fun another fun uh paper that we can work on. We are going to work on that's your second paper uh coming up in towards the end of March. Okay. Now let me go to uh so I explain week five, week six. Let me go to week six. Okay. Let me see. I think I think I can here. I need to close this just a minute. Just a minute. Week week six. Okay. Week six. Where is my that no no no, not this one. Okay. Excuse me. I lost it. Okay. Week six. Just a minute. Week six. Can you see my screen? You can see my screen, right? Week five. Week five. Okay. Okay. Week five. So uh there was what happened? Not everybody did the Daniela's uh here. I just wanted to explain this again. Those of you who did it, they did well, some but some are some students are missing the ER. This is the Daniela's. Okay. I don't I didn't want to get the Daniela's text. Everybody can access the Daniela's text. That's no problem. The instructions I have another the instructions instructions where are the instructions? Excuse me. Here. Okay. Instru where are the instructions to the okay where um okay. Nine ideas here. You n this is okay. Yes. You're revising ESS one. Some of you Revis it. Okay. I will can you see my screen? Okay. Yes. Please summarize like A, B, C, like main points. Those of you who summarized like most students summarize it well. You need to relate to you need to how can you can you you give an example from your culture from your everyday conversation depending on the uh the the characteristic, the the topic of the idea. These are some common characteristics of all languages, just like the name essay. Okay. That most of you some of you missed this. Read another classmate's homework post and go to another person's summary. Please read that summary. If you couldn't understand summary, please go to the text, understand the summary, I mean understand the the topic, and then make a comment. Okay. Daniela did that well. Daniela and Omar, they seem to be communicating pretty well, and there are other students who did well too, some but some some haven't has not uh haven't done this. Okay. Now let me go to I will cut this short. Let me go to there. I I I'm glad that I explained the the name the language and gender paper. Okay. Let me go to now how do I cite in the name essay? I would like you to this is something you will learn in English 101, but it doesn't mean that you cannot learn here in this class. You need to go to do you see MLA? How do I cite? Do you see this? Yes. Yes. Okay. How to cite, and then you go to this is we English professors use MLA. I'm an education professor. My background is mostly education. I use APA, but I'm encouraging you to use MLA because you will be using MLA in the English papers that you're going to write. English ESS a English professors classes Lyn uh English 101. How do I cite? How do I cite websites? Let's go to website. If you want to I don't worry in for the language and gender paper, I will give you book book chapters. How do I cite? I will give that to you, but go to websites for the uh where did you get the information of your name? Where did where did you find the information of your name? I said go to a website in your language in go you can go to Wikipedia, or you can go to names.org, or go just Google it. Find a website. So most of the websites there is not a no if there's a no notor wonderful on the website. This is how you will do it in after you provide the the meaning, copy the meaning as it is stated in the on the website in the website, and after if there's a after that you need to open immediately after the uh that sentence where you provided the uh the meaning of your name, you need to open the parentheses and put the author's last name if there is a notor, but usually there's not an notor not no notter. So which one should I go? No notor, unknown notor here like Dan is the meaning how to how to teach how to how to teach yourself guitar eh how and then this is the this is the the title at the top of the web page. This is the whole web page title uh eHow, demand media, and then this is the URL, and when did you access it? I will show it to you. My name when I type up my name. So this is how you would do if there is not an alter. Is there one for Wikipedia? Yes. Do you see Wikipedia? Yeah. This is title. Okay. Let's see. Let me go to Wikipedia. I hope I can you can see meia. Okay. Is the meaning of name the meaning? Okay. Here. Do you see my uh do you see my uh web page, my screen? Yes, Professor. Okay. So after I say what it's a masculine name, it's both a male and a no look there's a whole story. I can make a story out this out of this. There's there was a Turkish king or a queen King The Legend, and he had how many SS this s that s that s the so these are Turkey people liked names related to nature. So and I explained that in my essay. So after I explained the story and the meaning H it says it's a unisex name. I need to type this up in parentheses and in quotations. Then's given name and how would I type it up as the bibliographical citation? Where is uh okay lunch lunch okay. What where is my no h this is the website. Okay. So I need to G Dan give a name in in quotations and in parentheses in the in the paragraph and work cited. You will say work cited, and this is how I will say in quotes they is given name the free encyclopedia Wikipedia Foundation. When was that uh you you need to find the date that it has been posted there. Somebody created that URL and the date that I if I access access it today like the 6th of March March uh 6th March March 6 2025. Okay. That's what I wanted to say. I this is 34 minutes anyway. Was this useful? Are you you're learning, right? This is a writing class and a linguistics class. So uh you're learning the first paper that I gave you is about commonalties like Omar's name. Omar is I I know I know Omar as a Middle Eastern name, but I my Spanish students I learned from my Spanish students that they had they could have a name Omar, and then this time Omar came to our class from uh Israel where his name is Omar. So I I'm learning that there are these commonalities that did these names can be common. So uh that that's the the first name is the first title the first uh paper is given to see to understand the commonalities as a warmup uh paper, a research short research paper. The second one is language and gender. We also wrote the first how to write an essay because at the end of the semester these are all multi-draft essays. Some of you send me messages. Can I revise it? Yes, of course. Multi several drafts as many times as you want, but twice three times it would be enough so to get the best score as possible. I know you have other classes, right? Try to do your best, and then we have social we have second langu we have a topic, exciting topic, which is my background, bilingualism, multiculturalism, multilingualism. I have a set of questions. I will pair you up. You will ask questions to each other, or you can find a a person who is who has um who is learning or who has learned a another language, and uh you will ask several questions to that's going to come up in April. I will we I will explain that will be a paper based on interview. The second one, language and gender can if you are ambitious, you can interview somebody on the questions of discrimination, but you can also look at my um video and analyze, and I I also have the the discourse analysis as well. So you're good to use that. What does discourse analysis mean? Analyzing the language after you gather the interview. You have the interview transcription word by word. What did what I said? What the speaker said? What the interviewer said? There is this language, and you go line by line, sentence by sentence, and you analyze. That's what lingis linguists how many of you are interested in taking uh for example forensic linguistics? How linguistics can be helpful to identify criminal cases? Is there somebody who's going to criminal justice major here? Is there somebody who's studying Criminal Justice? That's forensic linguistics is a is a wonderful linguistics class to take. Okay. Any questions? If you have questions, I'm going to stop the uh video now. Okay. Stop the video.