Transcription
Hello, good afternoon. I heartily welcome all the media representatives and senior officers of the Government of India present at the inter-ministerial briefing. The Government of India has been continuously monitoring the developments in West Asia, and through inter-ministerial briefings, we have been continuously providing updates on the efforts undertaken by the government. In this regard, I will first request the Chairman of CBIC, Shri Vivek Chaturvedi ji, to provide information regarding the reduction in excise duty on petrol and diesel. Over to you, sir.
Thank you, Anupama Madam. Hello, all media colleagues. As you would be aware, the crisis in West Asia is proceeding quite seriously. You want me to speak in English? All right, all right. I will be bilingual if that helps you. All right. So, most of us are aware of the dimensions of the West Asia crisis and what this is translating into as far as the Indian economy is concerned, particularly in relation to the disruption in the supply of petroleum products. Now, following this crisis, there has been a significant surge in the international crude oil prices. Due to this crisis, there has naturally been a considerable increase in international crude prices. And in addition to that, there has also been a higher surge in the prices of petrol, diesel, and aviation turbine fuel. So, what has happened is that this creates a market and it also creates an incentive for the refineries to be exporting at higher international prices. So, the government's response on that has been a very calibrated response, and yesterday we came up with certain export duties in the form of Special Additional Excise Duty (SAED) and a Road and Infrastructure Cess. Both these duties and cess have been imposed on the export of diesel and aviation turbine fuel, which has been imported from outside India. If I talk about the rate, then it is 21.5% per liter for diesel and 29.5, not 29.5 per liter for ATF. Now, these duties on petrol are nil at present. So, the duties which have been imposed have been imposed on diesel and ATF. The duties on petrol are nil based upon the present crack margin. However, the rates will be reviewed on a fortnightly basis. Every 15 days, the government will bring a mechanism through which these rates will be reviewed. Now, what will be the benefit of these changes? What are we going to achieve from this? The idea behind having these changes is to prioritize domestic availability of the products, that is, diesel and ATF, and at the same time to ensure energy security for the country in the midst of global uncertainty, which has been exacerbated by the disruption in the supply chain and, of course, the uncertainty prevailing in the international markets, both in terms of availability and price. Revenue gain at the back of the envelope calculation for these proposals would be roughly around ₹100 crore in a fortnight. The situation, however, as I said earlier, will be monitored on a fortnightly basis. Now, there have also been these were the changes on the export side. I will now come to the changes that have been made on the domestic side because, as you would have read the gazette notification yesterday, the changes are in two parts. One is an imposition of export duty, and secondly, there have been changes in the excise duty on petrol and diesel for domestic consumption, where there has been a reduction by ₹10 per liter by reducing the domestic Special Additional Excise component of the current stack of levy that the products suffer when they are imported. So, in real terms, the revised duty on petrol comes now from ₹21.90 per liter to ₹1.90 per liter. The revised duty on petrol, the revised duty on petrol was earlier ₹21.90 per liter. From ₹21.90, ₹21.90 per liter, it will now come down to ₹1.90 per liter, ₹11.90 per liter. A reduction of ₹10 per liter. Similarly, on diesel, the existing duty was 17.80, 17.80 per liter, which now will come down to 7.80 per liter. Now, these above steps have been taken largely to reduce the under-recovery for the oil marketing companies, while at the same time ensuring that there is no increase in the prices of petrol and diesel for the consumers on account of the ongoing crisis. Revenue implications will be seen by the department. As I said earlier, on the side of the export, there was a revenue implication. We will be looking at the trends of imports for the fortnightly period and then coming up with what has been the revenue implication because, please understand that the situation is dynamic. It is not business as usual that you would have a certain predictability that this much metric tons of goods will come in this period. We are living in difficult times. You are all aware from the media about passages of ships and attendant problems. So, any implication on that will, of course, have to factor in the actual supply of goods coming into the country. And therefore, even within a limited time frame of a fortnight, the department will have to also look at the supply before you are able to come up with a very realistic implication as far as the revenue is concerned. So, these are my broad opening remarks. I am open to questions, and I also have the Joint Secretary, Tariff Research Unit in the CBIC, Mr. Kandhari, with me. So, in case there is any further drill down, we will be very happy to answer your queries, and I now pass on to Anupama Madam so that she can conduct the further proceedings.
Thank you, sir. Now, I will request the Joint Secretary of the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Sujata Sharma ji, to provide you with information about energy security and LPG supply. Hello. As you all know, we are still in a war situation, and due to this war in the Middle East, our supplies of crude, LPG, and LNG have all been affected. The prices of crude and other products have also increased in the international market. But the Government of India has taken several important decisions at various levels to manage this situation very effectively. As of today, we have sufficient crude inventories, and supplies for the next two months have been lined up. The situation is comfortable with respect to LPG and PNG also. Our refineries are operating at 100% or even more capacity, and the domestic production of LPG has increased by almost 40%. As you know, we have a huge import dependency for LPG, and 90% of it was coming from the Strait of Hormuz. Therefore, the Government of India decided that domestic consumers would be prioritized, and in this regard, prioritizing them, commercial supply was stopped first for some time. After that, taking very calibrated decisions, first 20% commercial supply was restored. After that, 10% based for, I mean, based on ease of doing business for the expansion of the PNG network. After that, the Government of India increased it to 50%, and today it has been increased to 70%. As a result of all these efforts, approximately 300 tons of commercial LPG has been supplied to commercial consumers from March 14th until yesterday. When the Government of India took these decisions, it also kept in mind that restaurants, dhabas, hotels, industrial canteens, and migrant labor should be prioritized. Additionally, the order given today clearly states that priority shall be to steel, automobile, textile, dyes, chemicals, and plastics. Approximately 30 cylinders of 5 kg FTL cylinders have also been given and sold to migrant labor. The reason for stating all this is to reiterate that we have a sufficient amount of crude available. Petrol and diesel are available in adequate quantities. LPG supply is ensured. LNG supply is ensured. PNG supply is ensured. Despite this, in many places, rumors have been spread, and due to those rumors, long queues have been seen at petrol pumps. You have seen that the price of crude, the price of the Indian basket, which was hovering around $70 per barrel, has crossed $80. But despite this, the Government of India has ensured that there is no shortage of any product. Fuel prices have increased in our neighboring countries and around the world. But here, the prices of petrol and diesel have not increased. In this regard, as you have just been told, there has been a reduction in excise duty. The Government of India had two options: either it would be passed on to the consumers, or the government itself would bear the hit. So, here the government has taken the hit itself and ensured that the prices of petrol and diesel do not increase. In this regard, I would like to tell you that from April 2022, the prices of petrol and diesel have either decreased or remained the same. They have never increased. Even in April 2025, when excise duty was increased by ₹2, it was not passed on to the consumer. So, this is a very important fact that we should keep in mind. In this regard, we also got an opportunity to expand the PNG network. In this regard, letters were also written to different state governments and central ministries. Cooperation was also received from all. MoRTH squeezed its timelines for approval. DPIIT also squeezed its timelines for approval. Similarly, under ease of doing business, many state governments have issued several orders. Due to all these efforts, more than 10,000 PNG connections are now being given to consumers daily. The role of state governments is very crucial in controlling this situation, controlling rumors, controlling black marketing, and controlling hoarding. And with the cooperation of state governments, efforts have been made to control it to a great extent. Raids are happening every day. Cylinders are being seized. FIRs have also been registered. If I tell you yesterday's data, approximately 3000 raids were conducted, 1500 cylinders were seized, and so far, approximately 710 FIRs have been registered. Besides this, the teams of our oil marketing companies are also active and are conducting surprise inspections. Approximately 350 distributors have been issued show-cause notices. Finally, through all of you, I would like to tell the countrymen. I am saying this again, on the cost of repetition, that we have sufficient supply of crude, LPG, petrol, and diesel. Therefore, please do not believe any rumors. Purchase when needed, and there is no need for the crowd at petrol pumps. Thank you.
Thank you, Sujata. Now, I will request the Special Secretary of the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, Shri Rajesh Kumar Sinha ji, to update you on issues related to shipping orders. Over to you.
Thank you, sir. Hello, everyone. There is no information regarding any Indian flag or seafarer in the Gulf region in the last 24 hours. All are safe. The 20 ships of Indian flag in the Persian Gulf have 540 Indian sailors, and they are also safe. In the last 24 hours, the DG Shipping's DG Comm Centre, which is active 24x7, received 98 calls and 335 emails, which were responded to. And in the last 24 hours, 25 Indian sailors have been safely brought back to India, repatriated after signing off from various parts of the Gulf area. There is no information of any congestion or crowding at any port, major port, or other than major port. We have confirmed this from all major ports and also from the State Maritime Boards of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, and Puducherry. Port operations are running smoothly everywhere. The Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, the Ministry of External Affairs, Indian missions, and the stakeholders of our maritime sector are maintaining continuous coordination. This ensures the welfare of sailors and uninterrupted maritime operations. Thank you.
Thank you, sir. Now, I will request the Additional Secretary of the Ministry of External Affairs, Shri Randhir Jaiswal ji, to update you from the external affairs perspective.
Thank you, ma'am. Conversations with global partners continue in this regard. I would like to update you with the recent conversations that we are having with countries abroad. The External Affairs Minister is presently visiting France to attend the G7 Foreign Ministers' Meeting, which is being held on the 26th and 27th, that is, yesterday and today. On the sidelines, he held several meetings with his counterparts from participating countries, where, apart from bilateral trade, the ongoing developments in West Asia were also discussed. He met with the Foreign Ministers of France, Canada, South Korea, Japan, Brazil, UK, Germany, and Ukraine. The External Affairs Minister spoke at the G7 Foreign Ministers' Meeting session on Global Governance Reform. This happened yesterday. He highlighted the urgency of UN Security Council reforms, streamlining peacekeeping operations, and strengthening humanitarian supply chains. He specifically raised the Global South's concerns about energy challenges, fertilizer supply, and food security. At the second session of the G7 Foreign Ministers' Meeting, the External Affairs Minister conveyed the uncertainties arising from the conflict in West Asia for a strong and made a strong case for more resilient trade corridors and supply chains. Thank you.
Thank you. Now, I will request the Additional Secretary, Gulf, of the Ministry of External Affairs, Shri Asim R. Mahajan ji, to update you on the latest developments related to the Gulf area. Over to you.
Good afternoon. The Ministry of External Affairs continues to closely monitor the developments in the Gulf and the West Asia region. The safety, security, and welfare of the large Indian community in the region remain our highest priority. Our dedicated special control room remains operational to assist and support Indian nationals and their families. We remain in continuous touch with state governments and union territories to share information and coordinate our efforts. Our missions and posts across the region are functioning round the clock, operating 24x7 helplines, regularly issuing updated advisories, and maintaining regular contact with a large number of Indian associations and organizations spread across the region. They also remain in close contact with the local governments. Our missions continue to proactively assist seafarers, stranded Indian nationals, and short-term visitors for facilitation of visa, consular services, and logistical support where required. We are according high priority to the welfare of Indian students in the Gulf countries. The government is making every effort to see that students' academic year is not impacted. Our missions have been in regular touch and are actively coordinating with the local authorities and the Indian schools in the region, as well as with CBSE, ICSE, and Kerala boards. Grade 10 and 12 final exams in the region have been cancelled by CBSE and ICSE boards. The mode of declaration of results will be notified by the respective boards. The Kerala board has announced that it has postponed the exams in the region and will review the position on April 6th. The National Testing Agency is seized of the matter regarding the conduct of competitive exams, including JEE and NEET. Yesterday, NTA has issued an advisory on the city of examination for the JEE Main 2026 candidates registered from Kuwait, Dubai, and Bahrain. An update on the status of flights: Since February 28th, around 475,000 passengers have returned from the region to India. Airlines continue to operate limited non-scheduled flights based on operational and safety considerations from UAE to India. Around 80 flights are expected to operate today from UAE to various destinations in India. Flights are operating from various airports in Saudi Arabia and Oman to different destinations in India. With the Qatar airspace partially open, Qatar Airways is expected to operate around 10 flights to India today. Kuwait and Bahrain airspace remain closed. Jazeera Airways of Kuwait and Gulf Air of Bahrain have been operating flights from Dammam airport of Saudi Arabia to various destinations in India. Due to flight restrictions and airspace closure, we continue to facilitate travel of Indian nationals from Iran through Armenia and Azerbaijan to India, from Israel through Jordan to India, from Iraq through Jordan and Saudi Arabia to India, and from Kuwait and Bahrain through Saudi Arabia to India. Yesterday, an Indian national unfortunately lost her life in an attack in Abu Dhabi. We express our deepest condolences to the family of the deceased. Our mission in Abu Dhabi is in touch with the family and is coordinating closely with the local authorities for the early return of her mortal remains to India. Another Indian national also sustained minor injuries and has been discharged from the hospital. Seven Indian nationals have unfortunately lost their lives and one is missing in various incidents. Our missions in Oman, Iraq, and UAE are in regular touch with the concerned authorities regarding the missing Indian national and for the early repatriation of mortal remains of the other deceased Indian nationals. Thank you.
Thank you. Now, I will request the Joint Secretary of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Shri Senthil Rajan ji, to provide information on matters related to public communication. Over to you.
We would like to appeal to all citizens not to believe in rumors and also be very cautious about fake news. Earlier, there was fake news being spread and misinformation and rumors being spread about the shortage of cylinders, but thanks to the media and the efforts that we have done, panic booking of cylinders had stopped. But now, in the last few days, there has been more panic and rumors being created about the supply of petrol and diesel. As my colleague had clearly pointed out, there is no shortage of supply of petrol and diesel. There is no need for the citizens to rush and reach the petrol pumps for their supply. There are efforts being made to spread rumors. Please do not believe in these rumors. We also ask all the state governments to continue their action against anyone trying to spread fake news, misinformation, and also attempts being made by people to either hoard petrol or diesel or engage in black marketing of cylinders, which is very clear that there is no shortage and the supplies are in place, and we all need not panic and reach the petrol pumps or the OMCs for the supply of their cylinders. Thank you.
Now, we will take a few questions from the media. Please introduce yourself. So, we will start from 271.
Good afternoon. My name is Saptaparna Ghosh. I am from The Hindu. Uh, one question to Randhir sir. Uh, we have been, I mean, reading about the Iranian Foreign Minister talking about safe passage to certain court and court-friendly countries, which includes India. So, uh, what is the MEA's assessment of the same as of now? And I mean, how are we looking to approach the thing going forward? And the second question to CBIC, if we could get a number on the amount of tax revenues that the government would be losing out on over the next week or over the next couple of weeks or this month because of the revision in excise that happened this morning. So, if you could, I mean, get a number on that. Thank you.
To Atul Mathur from Times of India. This is for the Petroleum Ministry, ma'am. While you claim that there is absolutely no shortage of fuel in the country, there have been reports from several parts, including Gurgaon and Noida, of partial dry-outs and shortage of petrol, and these are reports from our colleagues who are working there. So, what do we have to say on that? And secondly, transporters claim that after the hike and de-industrialization of diesel prices, there have been some such people who are taking diesel from the fuel pumps. Has the government done any kind of assessment on that?
I wanted to repeat what was asked. I wanted to ask what is the implication, the overall implication in terms of revenue also, because of the duty levied on ATF and diesel exports? Will there be an overall loss, or will each of them balance each other out?
Ma'am, I am Brahm Prakash Dubey from Zee News. My question is that you said we have a stock of 2 months. So, is this for petrol, diesel, and LPG all, or only for petrol and diesel? And my second question is, whether the center has... to the states...
It has also been communicated that a lockdown may be imposed in the coming days? Because the way the Chief Minister of Bengal, Mamata Banerjee, has said that a lockdown may be imposed in the coming days, is that a political statement, or has she been given such information by the Center? And a question for Vivek Ji: you said that we will review every 15 days, so if crude oil prices increase in the coming days, will petrol and diesel prices also increase, or will the government control it for now? Thank you. 142 Hi, this is Shami Chaudhary from NDTV Profit. Just wanted a clarity from the CBIC Chairman, sir, that why does this exported ATF attract a higher special duty, which is coming to around 50 paise per liter, compared to domestic, which is coming to 20.5 paise per liter? So is this going to move up the ATF prices as well? 45 Ma'am, Prakash from ET Now. The oil ministry data shows that the under-recovery on petrol is roughly around 26 paise per liter, whereas on diesel, it is around 81, it's around 81.90 paise per liter. So why is there a huge difference between these two? 262 Namaskar, I am Abhishek Singh from Laaspatrika. Ma'am, a HPCL refinery in Balotra was almost ready, as was stated in response to a question in Parliament. So at such a crucial time, by expediting and preparing it, is there hope for its running to start? Four, I am Dhruvaksh from Business Standard. My question is for Sinha sir. Sir, because extending what was asked to Randhir sir just a while back, the idea of safe passage and the developments that are happening there. So some reports say that ships are already preparing to leave the strait, and there are some ships that are preparing to enter the strait as well. Would you be able to comment on the return to normalcy in terms of movement, because now reports are saying that ships are also looking to enter? So in terms of that, just wanted to know if you are in a position to comment now when the 20 ships will be out, and are we looking at some sort of normalcy returning in the district? People, thank you. Amar Saidi from PTI. Ah, two questions, one to Sujata Ma'am. Ah, there is a discrepancy between the under-recovery figure that the ministry put out in the press release just now, a short while back, and the one that the minister has tweeted in the morning. 81.9 discrepancy between the under-recoveries on petrol and diesel that the ministry put out in a press statement just now, a short while back, and the one that the minister had tweeted in the morning. Can you clarify what, what, which one is the correct one? And the second question is to the CBIC. Can you clarify on the notification number 10, which says that the basic excise duty on ATF for sale to airlines that are outbound is been exempted? Is that the case? Is my reading correct? Thank you. Nine. Good afternoon, Nikunjari from Reuters here. Ah, I wanted to ask you, I wanted to ask the CBIC Chairman, when the special additional excise duty was implemented in 2022, there was a DGFT order which required all the exporters of fuel to mandatorily sell a certain percentage of their exports in the domestic market. So will that also be effective now? 234 Sujata Ma'am, there are two questions for Ma'am. First, you have completely stopped giving LPG booking and delivery data, so we are unable to know how many bookings are happening and how many deliveries are happening. If you could provide that data. Second, a private refiner and retailer have increased their prices. So approximately, I think that two companies cater to about 10% of the demand. So that demand will shift to the PSUs. So will they be able to cater to that demand? 184 Sapna Das from CNBC TV18. Two to three quick questions. So one, of course, that, you know, there are the ports, that the Russian ports of Primorsk and one more of them have stopped operations due to Ukrainian strikes. Probably MAI can take this up, sir. These two ports are responsible for about 80% of all imports from Russia. So would there be a likely impact on the Indian supply? That's one. And of course, in terms of the increase or the level of export duty on ATF, you know, how will this impact the OMCs from taking their own decisions in terms of domestic pricing, which will change from April 1? Also, does it mean that this is a return of the windfall tax, because there, the upstream companies are also impacted, which is not the case as of now, sir? Sir, kindly explain. And last one, of course, you know, give and take the overall revenue implication, if any, sir, at this point in time. 238. Hi Ma'am. Danish Anand from NDTV Profit. Is India thinking of any kind of energy conservation? And I am asking this to you on the back of a lot of rumors around the lockdown and things like that. Start. First of all, there is no such decision that a lockdown will be imposed. So this is a rumor. Please make it clear to everybody. There is no situation of lockdown, and no such thought has even been considered. So in very clear terms, I want to reiterate. There is no situation like lockdown. No decision has been taken. It is not even under consideration. One HML, sorry, Barmer refinery. So the Barmer refinery is at a very advanced stage, and we hope to see it coming into full function shortly. So that's two refineries. LPG booking data and delivery data. Delivery data is absolutely normal. Yesterday it was 54 lakh, and the booking was close to 60 lakh, 60 or 61 lakh. Some retail outlets have had dry outs. You asked how we will cater to that demand. Besides this, a similar question was asked about some partial dry outs in certain areas. Precisely for this reason, I have requested, on the cost of repetition, two to three times. I have appealed, prayed to the countrymen through you all, two to three times, that please do not engage in panic buying. Do not believe rumors. We have 1 lakh petrol pumps. Out of 1 lakh petrol pumps, more than half are petrol pumps of our public sector oil marketing companies. Sufficient product is available everywhere. It is available at petrol pumps, and it is also available at our terminals. Our refineries are running at 100% capacity and even more. There is no shortage anywhere. As you are saying that about some private companies, we will get it verified, and everybody is under the obligation to supply fuel to the consumers. Besides this, you mentioned industrial diesel. Actually, we have two types of petrol pumps: one for the general public, and the other consumer pumps. So a consumer pump can be with an industry, or it can be with a cooperative. So generally, consumers of consumer pumps are discouraged from going to retail outlets. But there is no such data where the number of every truck can be noted. You said a stock of two months for petrol, diesel, LPG. I have said two months. Supply for two months has been assured. Besides this, we have the supply in our refineries. We have the supply in our terminals. We also have, you know, in our pipelines. The products are there. So we have sufficient product with us. I think I have answered all the questions. Thank you. Just to add, I all of you, all of you may kindly look at the Petroleum Minister's tweet this morning on the lockdown. He has made a very clear-cut statement, and I would like to quote from it. India has consistently demonstrated resilience in the face of global uncertainty, and we will continue to act in a timely, proactive, and coordinated manner. Rumors of a lockdown are completely false. Let me state this clearly: there is no such proposal under consideration by the Government of India. In such cases, it is important that we remain calm, responsible, and united. Attempts to spread rumors and create panic in such a situation are irresponsible and harmful. This is a tweet he has put out in the morning, and I would like all of you to please carry this to all the people. I will answer the bunch of questions that were directed regarding the revenue forgone or revenue gain in relation to the measures. To again state very emphatically, if you look at Aviation Turbine Fuel, it is a very critical, critical component, and several refineries in India procure this ATF from the international market. They refine it, and they supply both domestically as well as for export. Now, to prioritize the domestic availability of ATF, they have excise duty rates on exports set. This will incentivize greater supply of ATF to the domestic market and ensure adequate availability of ATF within the country. The revenue gain on account of the proposal for imposition of this duty on exports on diesel and ATF is expected to be around ₹1500 crore in a fortnight. And as I said earlier, the situation will be reviewed in a fortnight. Now, coming to the second proposal, which is the proposal for lowering of the excise duty by about 10 paise on both petrol and diesel. These steps, of course, have been taken to reduce the under-recoveries for the oil marketing companies. The revenue implication has to be seen in the overall context of the prevailing situation, and for a fortnight, the pack of envelope calculation is roughly in the range of around 7000 crore. Yes. So then, as I said earlier, the situation is dynamic. So the revenue implication has to be understood not within a fortnight, but as we go ahead in a larger time frame. So a 7000 loss and an offset of 1500 crore on the positive side on exports. Is that the figure that I would have? You had a few other questions specifically related to the notifications. I will ask my colleague, Mr. Kandhari, GSTRU, to answer those questions. For the fortnight, for the fortnight on petrol. Thank you, sir. So, a few questions on the notifications, and I will be happy to answer them. The first one that we had was, why are the rates on ATF different from that on diesel? So the way the methodology that we use is that we have the crude international crude oil prices and the international prices of petrol, diesel, as well as ATF, and these rates are determined based on these prevailing prices. So they keep changing, and as my sir mentioned that we will be monitoring on a fortnightly basis. So they will be, this will be monitored. The second question was on a specific notification on 10/26. Since these are technical, I would be very happy to meet you after this press briefing and explain to you the implications. Third question we received was about a DGFT notification which mandates that certain amount of exports be diverted to the domestic market. This issue mainly pertains to the Department of Commerce, but in my understanding, the notification still applies. So I hope that answers your questions. Yeah. So, yeah, so I believe the terminology that you are using about windfall tax was the one that was used earlier in post-COVID in 2022. We don't have any excise duty on crude in this proposal as of now. So to a friend from The Hindu, what I would like to add is that we continue to be in touch with concerned countries for safe transit of our ships. We continue with these efforts. As you know, that four of our ships that were loaded with LPG, they have transited safely through the Strait of Hormuz and have come to India, and our efforts continue. There again, you know, we continue with our efforts to source our energy products and requirements from diversified sources. Regarding one of the questions that mandatory domestic sales. So that notification is still in force. As per that notification, all the domestic refiners have to sell 50% of the exported petrol and 30% of exported diesel in the domestic market. Question on safe passage has been partly answered by the spokesperson from the MEA. As you know, I have informed the media earlier also, we have five carriers in the Persian Gulf which are loaded with LPG cargo. Indian flag, but one is an empty ballast, and it is likely to be going out for loading of cargo. And safe passage, as informed, that all efforts are ensured that passage is always safe. That stage we have not reached. Now, thank you very much for joining us. Namaskar, Dhanyawad. Sh X