Transcription
This video was about parts in the villain about what is the recipe of an agreement body nuclear business. As you can see, the nuclear history of Iran, although strengthened, and finally, the villain's violence, nuclear weapons program is a threat to American interests. All right, and without uniform dual app, but in 2015, the JCPOA agreement. JCPOA stands for Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action. People commonly honor the Islamic Republic of Iran and world powers, which we call P5+1 countries, where prominent members of the United Nations Security Council, the United States, United Kingdom, Russia, France, China, plus give me the meaning of this agreement and its nuclear non-proliferation in order to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and technology falling into the wrong hands, it is for peaceful civilian purposes.
This bill is to protect the UNSC prominent members. They have welcomed high nuclear weapons and technology. These countries will think and one apart from being responsible for being careless, they will come to hold nuclear weapons and technology. So, to prevent this, these five countries have created organizations to control those countries that have nuclear technology or conduct nuclear tests, groups such as the Nuclear Suppliers Group, the Non-Proliferation Treaty, the International Atomic Energy Agency. All these groups and organizations have different roles, but their objectives are similar, and their aim is to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and technology and to use nuclear technology for peaceful purposes.
So, the JCPOA agreement, commonly known as the Iran Nuclear Deal, is an agreement with the Islamic Republic of Iran and the prominent members of the United Nations, plus Germany. They wanted to control Iran's nuclear program. For that, the JCPOA agreement was formed. Now, the question is, how did Iran get into nuclear prisoners? And often, it led to 1962, someone like Foxconn, although it was 1953, President Eisenhower, although he had a speech in the General Assembly, America wanted to help and all other countries in developing civil nuclear technology so that the world would not think about acquiring nuclear weapons. Basically, it was a thing, I will teach you everything about nuclear technology, but only on one condition, that you will use it for civilian purposes and will not do anything for your nuclear program.
If you use nuclear technology for your benefit, like in the movie Spider-Man or Superman, Superman's father has a famous dialogue, "With great power comes great responsibility." And this situation, what America did in 1953, in a meeting or outside, not in the General Assembly, imagine how this movie became a building block for the United States. They kept in mind how talks began. In 1956, the United States applied for equal quantity of nuclear reactors to Iran. So, basically, America wanted to develop this time. It created the most haunted places in the world to get started. After that, the United States used to transfer nuclear reactors in 1967.
The two Indian foreign universities also provided nuclear fuel, that is, uranium fuel, natural uranium, with which weapons are created. Natural uranium contains 0.7% Uranium-235 and 99.3% Uranium-238. Uranium-235 and Uranium-238, so both types of uranium contain electrons, protons, neutrons. The only difference is the number of neutrons. Uranium-238 has more neutrons than Uranium-235. So, both varieties are naturally available, but what about uranium rock? 10% U-238, only 1% or less than 1% is U-235. So, they are radioactive, but available in small percentages. There is Uranium-235, and it is used as fuel for nuclear power plants and nuclear weapons. Uranium-238 has more neutrons, which is more dangerous. What is required is a large number of neutrons, which makes the nucleus unstable.
So, the United States provided nuclear fuel in 1967. After that, the United States, like a good time, thought they would provide countries with peaceful civilian technology. These countries would not have military nuclear programs. Beneficiary countries, including India, Pakistan, and Iran, the majority of people wanted to join the Indian army and returned to the country and started running their nuclear program. Now, you have to understand that India conducted four nuclear weapons tests in 1974. India's nuclear weapon test was done in response to China's 1965 nuclear weapons test. If you remember, India, for the whole world, China in 1962. Soon after the Sino-Indian War, China conducted its nuclear weapons test in 1964 and 1967. Before the United States, Soviet Union, Britain, France, these four nations successfully conducted nuclear weapons tests to counter the growing population of China. India decided to build nuclear weapons in 1967. China conducted its second nuclear weapons test.
After that, India also started its nuclear weapons program and conducted its first test, which was Smiling Buddha, in 1974 under the leadership of Indira Gandhi. She was a powerful weapon masterstroke. The United States, after Hiroshima and Nagasaki, in 1945, used weapons of mass destruction. So, now you see, for giving people, it will create a situation. But the ultimate solution for a nation comes with diplomacy and capability, and it will help avoid conflict between the two countries. It will also help prevent its long-term policy. For example, the world has been struggling with nuclear weapons, but it has been used as a possibility. Someone might use it for unimaginable reasons. So, there will always be development or progress, but it comes with a cost and misuse.
China conducted its nuclear weapons test in 1964. In response to India's 1974 test, India and Pakistan also conducted a nuclear weapons test in 1998. Pakistan got its nuclear weapons technology because of Dr. A.Q. Khan. He also left his legacy. A.Q. Khan worked for a company called Urenco in Germany. He stole classified plans for creating enriched uranium and then relocated to Pakistan. In 1976, A.Q. Khan started working on Pakistan's nuclear weapons technology in Kahuta. Pakistan, long before Pakistan's test, A.Q. Khan was doing deals with other countries in the world, including sharing technology. These countries contacted A.Q. Khan. In 1972, Khan made a $3 million deal with Iran for centrifuge designs and materials needed to produce nuclear bombs. Basically, A.Q. Khan took classified plans from Europe and brought them to Pakistan. From there, he sold plans to 99 other countries.
The United States transferred nuclear reactors in 1967-71 for civilian use and some military powerhouses. Israel, India, Pakistan, Iraq were the beneficiaries. Israel developed its nuclear technology, but they have developed their bombs. India conducted its nuclear test in 1974, in response to China's 1965 test. It should be noted here that India developed its bomb by holding tests, not with the United States. And intelligence agencies found that Pakistan had classified plans for enriched uranium and also components from Europe in the black market. Later, they also sold these to other countries. It is not denied that in Europe, export control rules were not as strict as they are now. A.Q. Khan and Pakistan were able to buy materials like A.Q. Khan's nuclear plans from Germany.
In 1975, Iran explained its nuclear plan to a great extent. In the 1970s, it faced technological problems. The Iranian Revolution basically replaced the Shia Islamic ideology of Ayatollah Khomeini with the secular monarchy of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. And you know, effectively, secularism's respect for the West definitely damaged its relationship with the West. Likewise, different countries stopped supporting its nuclear projects. So, what we learn from here is that after the Iranian Revolution, its relationship with Western countries deteriorated. In 1979, the US Department of State, President Carter, stated that the US would no longer support state-sponsored terrorism. And thus, the United States imposed sanctions on Tehran. The United States also had technical plans for building centrifuges from A.Q. Khan. This is basically the splitting of two materials with different densities and different effects. If you use Uranium-235, Uranium-238, with the help of centrifugal force, you can enrich uranium for both nuclear reactors and nuclear bombs.
During the recent 2000s, it was not working. The plan for this centrifuge, what A.Q. Khan story from Europe and gave to Pakistan, was laid down. In 1980, the United States, in the glory of the United States, faced Iran-Iraq, the preparations of 1992, 1993. The sanctions of 1996, all these policies were aimed at not only the Middle East countries but also to control and monitor the transfer of orders and technology to Iraq or Iran. They could acquire chemical, biological, nuclear, and conventional weapons. So, by then, the United States was very divided. In 2002, the Iranian political militant organization called Mujahedin-e-Khalq openly exposed advanced nuclear facilities and took credit for its program. This organization reached the leadership of the Islamic Republic of Iran and installed a puppet government. Organizations that even in Iraq, but the representation in the government, Mujahedin-e-Khalq is a militant organization, but in the past, they also had ties with the Soviet Union as well as abroad.
So, it means that the inauguration must speak about what the West has to do to take responsibility. But later, these locations for nuclear facilities were not true. In 2002, Iran's nuclear program was exposed. The West had to respond. Later, they did not consider it an advanced nuclear program, but a civilian one. Especially the United States, they had problems. In a few minutes, the 2002 statement, the Board of Governors passed a resolution asking everyone to suspend all uranium enrichment and processing-related activities and to allow nuclear facilities for inspection by the International Atomic Energy Agency. An independent international organization, the reports went to the United Nations General Assembly. But you must know that this organization is very much controlled by the West. This is the main statement given by the Iranian political militant organization in 2002. It sparked the West to pass this resolution against Iran's nuclear program. You can think of it as a strategy by the West to create pressure from multiple international organizations, which they control.
In 2014, the International Atomic Energy Agency reported that Iran was not cooperating with its inspectors and even responded in an aggressive manner and refused to cooperate with the Atomic Energy Agency. For more years, then in 2009, intelligence agencies discovered a secret nuclear facility at Fordow, and its capacity for enriching uranium was high enough to improve its nuclear program. These centrifuges are small and after doing highly enriched uranium for nuclear weapons, in the course of nuclear power plants, and then Iran successfully carried out four satellite launches, causing concerns regarding the potential growth of Iran's ballistic missile program.
After 2015, world powers, along with France, Germany, Russia, and the United Kingdom, known as P5+1, they came to an agreement. They wanted to curb Iran's nuclear weapons intentions. These major world powers followed a back-to-back policy. On one hand, they increased their engagement and diplomatic negotiations. At the same time, they were imposing sanctions against Iran. Sanctions on financial sectors. So, in 2015, P5+1 countries and Iran finalized the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, the JCPOA agreement, to curb Iran's nuclear program. In 2015, the JCPOA agreement was signed. According to the agreement, Iran agreed to dismantle some of its nuclear program and open its facilities to international inspections in exchange for billions of dollars worth of sanctions relief. The JCPOA agreement was signed on July 14, 2015. A couple of months later, in October 2016, Iran tested a Sejil missile, which is a medium-range ballistic missile. After testing a medium-range ballistic missile, the name of some missile, basically after signing the JCPOA agreement in 2015, Iran technically increased its military capabilities. Although Iran has been developing its missiles since the Iran-Iraq war, after this, there has been an advanced increase in Iran's military inventory. This is not acceptable to the world powers, especially the United States.
Is Iran's nuclear weapons program a threat to America and its vested interests? The answer is simple. Nuclear weapons in the hands of the Iranian regime directly threaten its well-established interests and the present security of the United States and its European allies. If you understand this, it is most threatening. As leaders have repeatedly declared, this threat should be widened. The gap between America and its allies is widening. The United States has also stated that it will work towards a real, comprehensive, and lasting solution to Iran's nuclear program.
The main reason for nuclear weapons is that they are the ultimate defense option of any nation. Combined with diplomacy and capability, it will help in resolving large-scale conflicts. And with aggressive regional policies, America and P5+1 nations want to curb aggressive foreign policy. Iran is generally considered the world's leading state-sponsored terrorism, present and operational support for groups such as Hezbollah, Hamas, and Islamic Jihad. And potentially share its nuclear technology and classified information with extremist groups.
The United States, France, Germany, Russia, and the United Kingdom, known as P5+1, followed a back-to-back policy. On one hand, they increased their engagement and diplomatic negotiations. On the other hand, they also imposed sanctions against Iran and its financial sectors. In 2015, the JCPOA agreement was seen as the best option for the West to reverse Iran's nuclear weapons program. But now, in 2018, President Trump decided to withdraw from the JCPOA agreement and stated that the United States would work to find a real, comprehensive, and lasting solution to Iran's nuclear program. The reason for the United States' withdrawal from the JCPOA agreement was that according to the agreement, Iran was not supposed to exceed the limit on the volume of enriched uranium. It should not be allowed to enrich uranium. We will talk about uranium enrichment. Uranium enrichment is required for nuclear reactors and nuclear bombs.
So, in the morning, everything about uranium enrichment. The steps to limit enrichment. The moment you exceed the limit, it means you are doing something nasty. The JCPOA agreement limited the volume of enrichment to 3.67%. But Iran was planning to do research on advanced scientific processing. Later, after withdrawing from the JCPOA agreement, if you remember, in 2020, the United States assassinated Major General Qasem Soleimani. And after this, it will no longer be completed within the limits. Uranium enrichment. Just imagine, the moment Iran decided not to comply with the limits set by the JCPOA agreement, France, Germany, UK, Russia, and China. These countries are negotiating with Iran.
In return for Washington's concessions, diplomacy, and charisma, Iran is strategically located in the Persian Gulf, Caspian Sea, with abundant oil and natural gas. And nuclear weapons, and you will realize that a nuclear bomb in the Middle East in terms of great spiritual diplomacy, Iran's nuclear arms race in the Middle East, with growing economies, they have listed the disability of the international market. They are definitely dictating terms. Iran cannot spend its money on terrorist organizations, which are famous as Hezbollah, Islamic Jihad, and Hamas. And in Iraq, America's role is really small. So, if you see a nuclear Iran, it will be a civilization in the Middle East, a global challenge. I hope you will not underestimate the importance of the JCPOA agreement and why world powers strictly negotiated with Iran. This video was informative. Thanks for watching.