Foreign chat, chat, welcome everybody. Yeah, so I, I understand there were some silence issues. That was weird. I could hear the music, but I guess you all couldn't. So we'll look into what's up with that. Like, usually I don't hear it, but you all do. So I don't know what's going on, maybe some kind of output issue.

So, welcome to another Healthy Gamer GG stream. My name is Alo Canoja. Just a reminder that although I'm a psychiatrist, nothing we discuss on stream today is intended to be taken as medical advice. Everything is for educational or entertainment purposes only. If you all have a concern or question, please go see a licensed professional and get yourself some help.

Very true for today, because we're going to be talking about gambling. We're going to talk about gambling, a little bit about gambling addiction, what's going on, what have we learned. So we're going to give, uh, do a quick lecture on gambling. And then we're going to talk a little bit about, um, some other topics that people are interested in, like self-esteem and, and kind of what I would call Failure to Launch. So if you're, let's say, like a young adult and you used to do well, but then something kind of happened and like you started to slough off friends, relationships, other people are kind of moving on, and you're kind of feeling left behind. We're gonna look into that phenomenon of failure to launch a little bit. Um, so stick around for that stuff.

A couple of other things. So first of all, I see we have a hype train running. So thank you all, all very much for all of the support that you all give us. Um, it helps us build resources, do research, things like that. Really supports a lot of the work that we do on stream. So thank you very much for all of your help. Um, "I'm immune to gambling addiction," Super Dark Void is saying. "Dope. Can you spot me 300K real quick?" Yeah, so I, okay, let's not dive into that yet.

So before we get into that, um, so the other thing that I wanted to share with you all is a lot of people have been asking about coaching and sort of wondering, okay, like, is coaching right for me? What can it do for me? So we're actually launching, um, a new initiative today to make coaching more accessible. And that, that initiative is the first session on us. So what we, what we've really seen in coaching is that once people sort of hit the 12-week mark, we see really, really good outcomes. So for example, we start to see improvements in, in sort of a sense of motivation, life purpose, things like that, in about eight weeks. But once we really hit 12 weeks, 16 weeks, things like that, really, the 12-week mark seems to be the, the sweet spot in terms of optimal outcomes. So we tend to see things like reductions in depression and anxiety up to about 45, so 25 to 45 percent. Um, people will see a 58% increase in a sense of like purpose in life. People feel about 10 to 20% more motivated and able to do their goals. We also see improvements in things like social behaviors and EQ, which is what we sort of believe is the mechanism through which people start to make change in their life. So if you all are interested in trying out coaching, the first session is on us. Please check it out.

Okay, so let's talk about gambling. Um, so a lot of people have been asking me recently, "Dr. K, what do you think about gambling on the internet? Dr. K, is it a problem? Dr. K, should Twitch ban gambling? Dr. K, what do you think?" So I did what any self-respecting Harvard-trained psychiatrist would do. I said, "I don't know." And then I proceeded to read about 300 pages of research articles about the topic. And what I discovered was very, very interesting. So I'd love to share that with you all today.

So the first thing that I, I want to point out is that I didn't just read psychological articles. The first thing that I sort of realized is that the business of gambling is getting very, very sophisticated. So I looked at articles from, for example, the Journal of Business Research about like how gam, the gambling industry is like optimizing and thinking about customers. I also looked at the application of digital technology in, in the gambling, gambling industry. This is a paper out of Macau that was looking at research. Also discovers that benefits and values gained by the casino can be categorized in three dimensions: value perceived by the customer, what's good for the customer, value obtained from the customer, and value gained by the firm. Right? So this is research that's designed for casino management seeking to understand new potential business opportunities and future developments in digitalization. So what I realized is that people are getting really, really sophisticated about this.

I also looked at things like, um, the, the gambling market in Croatia. So this is the Institute of Public Finance that wrote a report about like what's going on with gambling in Croatia. We also, I also actually read someone's thesis. Like, not the whole thing, not every page, because it's like 134 pages, but, um, so this is really fascinating. So someone wrote a thesis about AI and corporate social responsibility in, in online gambling industry. And for, I really like, I love reading theses. Um, I know that like they don't get a whole lot of traction, but I tend to find that they're very, very, very like excellently written. Some of the best stuff out there. And they also do a very good job of digging into the background on gambling. So I read a lot of different stuff. I also read a lot of like more medical stuff. So I looked into a lot of regulations and things like that. I basically looked at all these different dimensions of gambling and like, what does the research show?

I also then did something really, really shocking, which is that I went and looked at what online gambling actually looks like. So we're going to take a quick look at that too. We're going to do that towards the end, though. So that we can start to see a little bit about what's going on with game, online gambling, why is it exploded in everyone's consciousness recently? I understand that there are some online gambling websites and whatnot that are paying particular people for like large chunks of money for sponsorships. And why are they doing that? What's going on? And I'd love to share kind of my journey of like learning about this problem with you.

So this journey includes a couple of steps. The first thing that we're going to do is talk a little bit about how, um, how do, how does society deal with gambling as a whole? So this is like, kind of important to understand because this is what we're going to start with. So we have all kinds of addictive substances. So how do societies generally deal with addictive substances? Because there's, you know, there's a certain amount of freedom, there's a certain amount of regulation. We have to protect people, but people get to do what they want to. So we're going to start by just looking at what are like the general parameters that societies use to deal with addictions. We're going to then look a little bit at gambling addiction. So then we're gonna dive into a little bit about, okay, so if there's been a growth of gambling on the internet, what impact is that actually having? Is it actually hurting people? Because everyone says, "Oh, gambling addiction is bad." Like, clearly addictions are bad, right? But is the problem the same that it used to be, let's say, 30 years ago, 40 years ago, 50 years ago? And if the problem isn't the same, then what changes do we actually see on a psychological level, on, you know, what's going on?

Then what we're going to do is, once we sort of look at the impact of gambling, then what we're going to do is start to look at actually how the brains of adolescents, young adults are different, and what could be responsible for some of the other changes. So we're going to dive into a little bit of psychology and just a touch of neuroscience about how gambling interfaces with like a human mind and a human brain. And the last thing that we're going to do is actually look at a couple of instances of like online gambling stuff. And I think what we'll discover is going to be really interesting because what we'll see is that the regulatory frameworks that society puts together have difficulty translating. And I think once we actually see what online gambling looks like, everything else that we've explored in terms of regulatory frameworks, in terms of changes to mental health and outcomes, and what's going on with kids in terms of psychology, well, everything will make sense. Because a picture is worth a thousand words. And all you have to do is just look at what gambling looks like on the internet, and then suddenly, I think everything will make sense. That's what it, it actually was for me. And for the record, the journey that I'm walking y'all through is exactly the journey that I took myself. So I did not watch a single gambling stream or YouTube video or anything until the very end. And then I saw that and I was like, "Oh crap, everything makes sense."

So let's start with how does society deal with addiction? So we know that some substances are addictive, right? So we can look at alcohol, we can look at caffeine, we can look at marijuana. We also know that there are behavioral addictions. So it's not just substances, but things like sex, pornography, gambling. These are all addictions. And so generally speaking, when we have something that some human beings like to do that can be harmful to society, there is a tension that emerges between people who are pro that behavior and people who have been hurt from that behavior. So a really good example of this is if you look at like the cigarette industry, the nicotine industry, what they did, and even now what they continue to do, is make lots of claims that this is not as harmful as everyone thinks it is. It's totally okay. I'm an adult, if I want to smoke, I should be able to smoke. You know, no one should be able to restrict my freedoms because we value freedom and independence and that kind of thing. And then people are saying, "Oh yeah, that's completely ridiculous. All those people are are crazy. Like we should ban cigarettes." And then everyone is in favor of banning stuff that they themselves don't use, right? So a lot of people are in favor of banning online gambling addiction, online gambling, which makes a lot of sense. I'm not saying that that's a bad idea, but I think the key thing to remember about any kind of, let's ban something that's harmful to society, is everyone wants to ban the thing that they themselves don't use in a healthy manner, right? So like alcohol, for example, or even caffeine is addictive. Alcohol causes all kinds of problems, but for some reason, like we don't have a widespread ban, uh, call for banning alcohol. Or maybe we do, who knows? Okay, so I'm just sort of saying that like, it's a kind of a tricky issue.

And so then what ends up happening over time is we have a collection of different tensions. And then what society ends up doing is instituting some set of regulations. So this is where scientists will study stuff, they'll talk to policymakers, you'll have advocates from the community, so people who have been hurt by the substance or family members of people who have been hurt, who all come together. And then you'll have people from the industry, right? We're pro whatever the substance is. So we're going to lobby against it. We're going to present research that the majority of people can drink without a problem. It's a national pastime. It's like totally fine. Like we should help the people who are addicted, but like you shouldn't ruin it for the rest of us. So all of this tension ends up happening. And then at some point, you get some kind of like consensus where generally speaking, what society does is tries to educate people about the harms. Okay, this is number one. So first thing that we want to do is we want to inform people, right? So that they can make an informed choice. You should know what you're getting, getting into. And we can't rely on the industry to actually like inform people accurately. This is a big learning that we have. So we have to do as the government or as the people or as like public health educational groups, right? So we kind of fall into that latter category where we're going to try to educate people. We want to educate people about the harm so that they can make the right decision. So we want to educate people.

The next thing that we want to do is generally speaking, regulate in some way. And this is where things become really important because we recognize as society that there is some vulnerable groups. So children is a prime example of a vulnerable group. So kids' brains aren't fully well developed. And so this is why companies really want to target kids, right? Because like if we target a kid, their brain isn't developed, we can get them hooked early on in life, we've got a customer for life. So the same vulnerability makes them very, very valued customers and at the same time increases the potential for harm because they're vulnerable and they don't really know any better. So this is where there's responsibility in terms of like, you know, we'll have government regulations on advertising and things like that. So for example, I recently saw that, um, on like unhealthy foods that are high in sugar and fat, some companies, I think somewhere in South America, are no longer allowed to advertise with like cute animals. So we will like restrict advertising in some way. Like, for example, some com, some countries will only allow advertisements for particular things at certain times of the day in terms of television, right? So I can't advertise for alcohol until after 7 PM. I can't advertise for cigarettes until after 7 PM or 8 PM or whatever. So what we have is all of these regulatory frameworks that are designed to educate and also be restrictive in terms of advertising and targeting vulnerable populations. So that, for the most part, I think works kind of okay, right? So if you buy a pack of cigarettes in the United States, you'll see all kinds of warnings on them. If you go into try to buy alcohol, you have to be 21 years old, you have to present identification. We'll set up all kinds of regulations and stuff like that. Does it solve the problem? Not entirely. You know, what is the range of responsibility here? And we'll get to this towards the end. I think some of it is the government's responsibility, some of it is the industry's responsibility, some of it is the person's responsibility. Okay, but that's in general how we affect, uh, how we try to regulate gambling.

So now, what we've seen recently is there's a bunch of increase in, um, there seems to be a lot of interest in gambling. Hold on a second. I think I forgot the iPad. One second. Okay. So recently, there's been a ton of interest in gambling, right? And so the next question that, unlike all people are calling for, um, you know, gambling to be banned and and be restricted and people be canceled and whatnot. And for the record, nowhere during any of this talk am I intending to criticize any particular person. So if that happens, it's completely coincidental. We're gonna skirt pretty close because I, as I show you towards the end, I just did a simple search for "betting stream." And so some things came up, there are particular faces. I'm not criticizing those people, that's just what showed up in the search. And so what I'm really trying to do is just share information. Okay?

So let's understand a little bit about as people are getting concerned, like, "Oh my God, like we should ban gambling. Like, should we? Like, what's the impact of gambling? Like, what's going on? Is this really harmful or not harmful? Like, you know, what do we know?" So a couple of really interesting things. So the first is that between 2016 and 2019, over a three-year time span, the number of adolescents, I think this is aged 11 to 19, who are addicted to gambling, have pathological gambling, has increased by 400%. So in three years, we've seen a quadrupling of adolescents addicted to gambling. That's between 2016-2019. This is pre-pandemic. And all the research suggests that pandemics have made online addictions worse. So I want you all to just think for a second about like, if something increased, it got 400% worse, like that's huge. Okay? That's like a shocking increase in prevalence of a particular addiction. Like if suddenly 400% more people were addicted to alcohol, the rate is 6% by the way for alcohol, jump to 24. Like that would be staggering. Like the number of like, you know, drunk driving deaths and like people like having accidents and stuff like it would be like COVID level, the world is coming to an end. Way. Okay. We'll talk about what the actual number is in a second.

So the other interesting thing that we've discovered from research, we still don't know what the full effects of the pandemic are, is that people who gamble online are between 1.5x to 3.2x more likely to be addicted. So it seems like people are figuring out that it's easier to get someone addicted to gambling using a digital platform than it is in person. Now, why is this? There are a number of reasons that are responsible for this. I think one of the key things, so this is something that we discovered when we were looking at day trading and mental health impacts of like crypto bros and things like that, is that if you look at like impaired judgment, impaired judgment comes with fatigue. And so being able to make financial transactions at 3:00 AM when you've been like browsing the internet for four hours, you're much more likely to make worse decisions at 3:00 AM, right? So we'll text like people like stupid things at 3:00 AM because we're fatigued. And when we're fatigued, our frontal lobes don't function as well. And we'll get to the frontal lobes later in the lecture. And when our frontal lobes don't function as well, like we make poorer decisions. So we tend to see is that online gambling, when I can do it from the convenience of my own home, when I can do it when I'm emotionally upset, when I can do it to numb myself, like it just makes it so much easier to get addicted.

Next thing to consider is that, so one study, for example, found that if you look at 15 to 17-year-olds, 25% of them engage in some kind of gambling behavior. I forget, this may be in Spain or something, I don't remember exactly where this is from. So this doesn't mean that they're addicted. That just means that one out of four kids between the ages of 15 and 17 will engage in some kind of gambling behavior. The number of people who are addicted, we're not really sure when it comes to adolescents. The number absolutely is probably quite small. I'd guess it's somewhere between 3 and 5%. This number may have grown during the pandemic. But we're sort of seeing that like gambling is getting way worse now.

If you talk to people who gamble, what do you discover? So if you talk to adolescents who gamble, you discover a couple of interesting things. The first is that 75% of them gamble because it's trendy. I think this is a study out of Hong Kong that that came to this. This is right, they do it because it's cool. That's been like, we'll go more into that. But like, adolescents do it because it's cool. Another interesting thing, so 41 to 54% of kids believe that gambling is safe. They're not really aware of the dangers of gambling. So now we see something like really interesting, right? So like, unlike, so if I ask people who smoke cigarettes, if I ask a hundred people, are cigarettes harmful? I'm pretty sure most of them will be able to say, "Yeah, they're harmful." If I ask a kid, are cigarettes harmful? They're less likely to say yes, they're harmful, right? But they sort of even acknowledge like, they're like, "Yeah, like it's not going to hurt me, but vaguely it's harmful." So 41 to 54% of adolescents don't believe there's any harm in gambling. So they believe it to be safe. So I think now we're starting to see something really, really interesting, right? Which is that like, there's a group of people who, and we'll get to family permissiveness. So the other question that people may ask is like, where are the kids getting money? A lot of them will spend their allowance. A lot of them will actually, 40, about 40% of kids who gamble online do so with parental awareness. Okay? So like that's shocking. Like this isn't just, everything is behind. The majority of people are doing it behind their parents' back, but they have some access to funds. They start to get addicted, they play with small amounts, and then things get worse over time.

The last thing that I want to point out, so people are saying like, "Okay, so they're addicted, but what are the consequences of addiction?" So Great Britain actually recently, or not recently, many years ago, I don't know, yeah. So I think somewhere around 2010 or 2007, there was a big push, a legislative push to essentially like, not, uh, reduce the barriers to gamble. So like the UK passed some legislation that made it really, really easy for people to gamble. And what we discovered is that since 2010, suicide has been going up. And this is shocking. The adjusted odds ratio for attempted suicide was 9.0 in men with scores that indicated problem gambling, and 4.9 in women with scores that indicated problem gambling. Now, people may say like, "Oh, but like there could be all kind of confounding variables." For people who don't know what an odds ratio of 9.0 is, that means that they're nine times more likely, 900% increased risk of suicide or attempted suicide if you have a problem out of gambling behaviors. Now, people may say, "Oh, but there could be all kinds of other things. Like maybe they're depressed, that's why they gamble, and that's why they want to commit suicide." This association persisted after adjusting for anxiety, impulsivity, life satisfaction, and other factors. So this is like really, really problematic, right? Because when we control for like, "Okay, actually, we're controlling for life satisfaction." So you can take two human beings who are very satisfied with their life, or two human beings who are very unsatisfied with their life, and the people who gamble are nine times as likely to attempt suicide. Okay? So like, we also adjusted for socio-demographic factors, alcohol use, video gaming, anxiety, loneliness, and impulsivity. What on Earth? So this is a very well-controlled study. And what we discover is that like gambling is almost certainly very, very harmful. So that scares me. So as a psychiatrist, I don't know of many other behaviors that independently will increase the risk of suicide by between five times for women and nine times for men. That's like crazy, dude, right? So like suicide is already the number one leading cause of death. I think, for example, if you look at like Asian Americans between the ages of 18 and 24, the most dangerous thing to an Asian American between the ages of 18 and 24 is themselves. And once you start throwing in problematic gambling into the mix, that increases the risk 9x. Like that's wild. And these are, and so now what I'm seeing is that there's like a group of kids who are 15 who will start gambling. And then what we're going to see is a ballooning of suicide rates like in the next 10 years. Or we're already seeing that, right? So you can't really make that kind of prediction. There are all kinds of other things that go into that. But if we're sort of asking, is gambling harmful? And this is where you may say, "Duh, gambling is harmful." So like, but, you know, I don't think that that's sufficient. Like, in what ways is this harmful? What are we really talking about? How harmful is it, right? These are the kinds of things that we really need to understand.

So what we're seeing globally is kids are getting addicted like at an alarming rate. This is even pre-pandemic, right? That people aren't aware of the dangers of gambling because these regulatory shortcomings are, like, are the, the attempts at regulate, we're going to see are going to be bypassed a lot by online systems. And so I think part of the reason that we're seeing so much push for online gambling is because as these online gambling companies use things like customer customer evaluations, AI-based algorithms to like, you know, engage with customers, and as they use all these sophisticated digital tools, they're realizing there's a ton of money to be made. And that money will predominantly probably, I'm guessing, be made on the backs of adolescents. And they're making a long-term bet about like where things are going to be three to five years from now.

Okay, so the next thing, let's talk a little bit about why do people get addicted to gambling? Okay? Let's talk a little bit about gambling psychology. The first thing is, if we look at research, we realize there are personality factors. So some people are just more impulsive. So the higher you are in the impulsivity scale, the more vulnerable you are to get addicted to gambling. So things that correlate with high impulsivity are also diagnoses of ADHD, right? And we know that ADHD is on the rise. So like we have like sort of a societal global vulnerability to gambling because we're all, our attention span is changing. We also tend to find that low EQ correlates with high gambling addiction risk. So let's talk for a second about what EQ is. EQ is emotional quotient, which is like, we think about IQ as our ability to analyze and use reasoning to like solve problems. EQ is about awareness of emotions, awareness of what I'm feeling, and then like also like empathy with other people. So EQ domains include like social relationships, ability to empathize with people, awareness of your own emotions, the ability to regulate your own emotions, and the ability to not let your emotions control you. And so what we tend to find is that people who have low EQ are more prone to become addicted to gambling. And why is this? So what this sort of, what this looks like if you're kind of wondering is that if I'm not aware of what I'm feeling, I finish work one day and I just don't feel good. Like I don't know why I don't feel good. I don't know where, in what way I don't feel good. Just like I just don't, I feel like I need to have fun. I'm tired of like, I'm tired of like this. I need to feel better. And so like, once I start gambling, like it's like, "Yeah, like let's win, let's go baby, let's go!" And I don't really understand what's kind of going on. I'm sort of a little bit impulsive. Like, and remember that the gambling is so accessible, right? It's so easy. I just have to two taps on my phone, no need for two-factor authentication, like, yeah, none of that crap, auto-login, all that kind of stuff. Like ease of access. And then like, what starts to happen is I start to feel emotionally numb. So what we know, for example, is that addictive behaviors will suppress negative emotions in the limbic system. So we'll see like in the amygdala, for example. And now the problem is, if I've got kind of low EQ, if I'm alexithymic, let's say, which means I don't understand my internal emotional state, I don't really know what I'm feeling, I just know that I feel bad. And then like my brain learns almost in like a Pavlovian way that when feel bad, gamble, gamble, make you feel good. And there's like no sophistication there. Like we don't, we're not really aware of what's going on, right? And so even when it comes to like, part of the reason that we focus on what we do in coaching is because we focus on boosting EQ. And that's like, it's not, I mean, this is something that's age-old. So if you look at like yogis in ancient India, the practice of yoga was all about essentially boosting EQ, awareness of what's going on, and no longer being controlled by what's going on in here, being free from your emotions, being uncontrolled by your emotions and your desires, right? And so this is kind of like what we try to boost. And what we're sort of seeing is that EQ is becoming increasingly important, but people just don't have a clear sense of how to boost it.

Next thing, so especially with kids, there's altered risk perception. So kids tend to think they're invincible. And remember earlier we said that only, uh, 41 to 54% of people, kids think gambling is safe. Furthermore, even if the kid doesn't think it's safe, their ability to calculate risk is impaired. This is what makes them kids. So our ability to calculate risk primarily comes from the frontal lobes. Well, that's actually not true, but let's just call it frontal lobes, okay? It comes from a couple of other places too. And if we look at like, what's the difference between a five-year-old, a 15-year-old, a 25-year-old, and a 35-year-old? We say that maturity increases this way, right? Even though a 25-year-old and a 35-year-old are both adults, like on average, a 35-year-old is more mature than a 25-year-old. And what is that maturity encompass? When we use the word mature, what do we mean? We mean the ability to calculate risks, control impulses, delay gratification. But what we tend to see is that people who fall victim to gambling tend to have a poor risk perception. And this isn't just kids, right? So if you look at like, there are all kinds of other cognitive biases. So we'll get to the next one, which is the illusion of control, right? So human beings have a cognitive bias that like, I'm above average. Even if it happens to other people, it's not going to happen to me. And this is why people play the lottery. Everyone knows that statistically, like the lottery is a losing game. The thing is, it's a loser game for the average noob, but for an expert like me, I can win because I'm above average. So there's this perception of illusion of control. And if you talk to kids, especially, they think they can like control the dice and the cards and whatever the algorithms are more than like other people can. It's not rational at all, but this is something that all human beings have that's worse in kids. Everyone thinks, "Yeah, yeah, I figured out the formula. Gotta blow twice on the dice, shake them once, have your part, uh, the person next to you blow, and then throw the dice." Oh, no, I blew once and I asked them to blow twice. Does that improve the result? So like, as human beings, we try to generate patterns to make meaning of stuff, right? And so we'll do that with gambling as well. When we win a million dollars, when we win the jackpot, okay, like my brain is like, "That was a great result. Let's try to figure out how that happened." And then we start to piece together all kinds of stuff, and we create this illusion of control.

So the next thing that we sort of realize when it comes to not just gambling psychology, but why people get addicted to gambling, especially kids, is there's permissive parenting. So this is where everyone's like, "Oh, like the platforms need to do something about it." You know, I may get some flack for what I'm about to say, but I'd say that if your kid is addicted to gambling, the first responsibility lies with the parent. I think if your strategy as a parent is to have Amazon or Google provide a substitute for good parenting, your, it's not going to end well. Now, there's a counterpoint to this, which is that the battle that parents have to fight is increasingly uphill and increasingly impossible. I hate to break it to y'all, but parents cannot independently compete with this. Like when gambling companies start to use, or video game companies start to use AI and statistics like this to get your kid addicted, and you'll even have content creators or casinos or whatever that are leveraging like millions or billions of dollars to get your kid addicted, as a parent, you are SOL. You need help. And that's what we see, right? So remember at the top of the discussion, we talked about how does society deal with gambling? I mean, not gambling, but just addictions. And we tend to find is that a parent is necessary but insufficient to deal with the problem on their own. And this is what I find a little bit frustrating about like the internet is that the internet loves to blame a particular thing. It's like, it's this person's fault or this person platform's fault. Whereas I don't know how to say this, like the more that you learn about medicine in the world, things are multifactorial. It's not just one person's fault. Is that person a part of the problem? Maybe, probably. But it's not that one person's fault. And then what we do to deal with the righteousness of ourselves is we like, "Let's cancel this [ __ ] screw this guy." And then we feel good about it. And then what happens? Someone else pops up. It's a systemic issue. Should individuals be held accountable? Sure. We're not against accountability for individuals, but like, let's offer comprehensive solutions to complex problems. And a big part of this is honestly, it's parenting. Even in our coaching program, what we find is why we work with parents is that we'll see like a 30% improvement in like alliance between parents and kids. And we'll also see a 22% improvement in social engagement. So there are ways, and we'll talk about this more today, but the job of becoming a parent is more, is becoming more and more difficult. And at the same time, we can't like stop parenting just because it's getting harder. Okay? So permissive parenting is a huge part of it.

So the other factors here are things like peer pressure. This is big, right? So it's trendy, it's cool. This is another people, white reason why kids do it. The other thing that we sort of know is it also depends on advertising. So that like when kids get exposed to stuff, it's gonna, not just kids, but all of us, right? Like, so we're like, "Oh, like I want to play this new game." Like, why do you want to play that game? Why are you pulling out your wallet and spending some money? Because you were aware of it through advertising, right? People talk about it, people hype it up. It's a basic aspect of human psychology. Happens to work for gambling as well.

Now, remember that how does society deal with this, right? Because here are all the vulnerabilities. So society does a couple of things. Society educates the public, restricts advertising, and then regulates access. It does a lot of other things as well, which we'll get into more detail. But this is how we've essentially dealt with gambling in the past, right? So we've said, "Okay, you can't advertise. You can't enter a casino unless you're 21." And I think the final part of this that's actually really challenging is that the frameworks that we've used to regulate gambling and other forms of addictions are now falling short in the digital age. It's not just that we're more impulsive late at night when we're fatigued and we make bad financial decisions, it's that all of our regulations are easy to bypass on the internet. And like, we just haven't really kept up.

So let's like, just take a couple of examples. So let's look at the age restriction, right? So it's like, it's hard to be an 11-year-old kid walk into a casino and start playing. Someone is going to notice that you're 11 and like not let you be there. But on the internet, some of the, some of the age verification stuff is absolutely laughable. Enter your birth date. There's no amount of like checking or like verification at all. So the barrier is essentially non-non-existent, right? So I never, I never did this. I'm sure you all never did this. But I don't know if y'all are aware of this, but did you know that if you go to a website that has pornographic content, it gives you two buttons? And one, it says, "I'm over 18. Enter the website." The other is, "I'm under 18. Redirect me to www.mickeymouse.com." And of course, I'm sure that just like all of you, I clicked the same thing. I was like, "I'm not on the right team. I guess there's nothing I can do. I can't, I can't look at naked people. Gotta click that button, right?" Whereas if you want to, if you wanted to get access to pornography 50 years ago, there was kind of a limit on that, right? Like maybe someone would have sold you a Playboy or something like that. Like I don't really know, okay? So what we're seeing is that these old regulatory frameworks don't really translate as easily.

So let's talk about educating the public. So this is where, you know, advertising used to be really, really restrictive, right? Because there's like an ad, and the ad has to conform to certain like, like people will negotiate back and forth, and like, you'll see like even an alcohol ad, like at the very end of the level, the small text at the bottom, they'll say, "If you're over 18 to, uh, if you're pregnant or could be pregnant," they'll say like all this like rapid stuff at the end. But even they have to include that. So what does advertising look like? And so what I, I want to do is I just want to look at, so this is what I did, okay? I just typed in "betting stream" into YouTube. And I just want you all to notice, like, let's like take a look at, okay? So there's, this is live. Let's look at this "Top 10 Streamers Biggest Wins of 2020." Okay, Casino Ground streaming community. So the first thing is, like, is there any warning? Is there any age restriction? These are the things that we traditionally use to regulate stuff, right? Is there any warning about dangers? Right? So then what happens is like, this person is doing this, right? It's 10 biggest wins of 2020. So the other thing that's starting to happen is like, as this happens, like look at this. Let's see what happens, right? So now like, what have we learned? So I want you to put your like, imagine you're a 13-year-old kid. Maybe you are a 13-year-old kid. What have you learned from this? What do I think about gambling? "Oh, wow, okay. So like, maybe that was a one-off, right? Wow, look at all this. Look at all the pogs I just won 95,000 Euro." Right? And like, and so is this an advertisement? No, this is content. It's not an advertisement, it's content. It's entertaining, right? And so as you kind of look at this, what you begin to realize, like, we can look at another video, right? I don't know who this person is, but once again, like I'm not trying to, it say that this person is bad. And so you're kind of watching this person, everything is bright and shiny, right? There's a dude sitting there. Now, so like, there's the other thing to consider here, which is when I search for "betting stream," what am I actually seeing? Am I seeing the average experience? No, right? So this is, if you look at the "Top 10 Streamers Biggest Wins of 2020," how many hours of gambling do you think I'm looking like, this clip was made out of like hundreds or thousands of hours? But what I see is the top of the top of the top of the top. And this is something that like, I've experienced. I don't know if y'all this ever happened to you, where I'll watch a video game compilation and I'll see some person playing a video game that I play, owning some noobs with something that like I think is super cool, right? They're like, they use some weird strat with some weird build and they start dumpstering noobs. And what they've done is played for 16 hours and reduce things to the one game where their weird ass strat got carried by someone else. But they don't edit the video that way. But when I watch that, what do I feel like doing? I'm like, "Let's queue up. I'm gonna do the meme strat. Let's go!" Right? And it happens in gaming. This is like, this is a function of the internet where the internet does not give us a real expectation or gives us a false expectation of what's actually going to happen, right? "I'm gonna, I'm gonna do some cool stuff." And so what we're kind of seeing here, and I think this is like, this is the big problem, is like, you can say like, "Oh, Twitch should ban gambling. They shouldn't ban gambling, whatever." Like, "Should YouTube ban videos like this?" Like, I don't know. But I think that we're starting to see essentially why things are getting so much worse.

When we look at suicidality rates, by the way, this is in England and Wales, right? Where there's a bunch of stuff in the Lancet. Let me see if this is Lancet. Like, so, so like, there's a bunch of stuff in the UK because they deregulated, launch of a review of the Gambling Act of 2005. Like there was something that happened in 2005. As best like, as I could piece together, they kind of really let gambling off, off the leash. And we're seeing all kinds of papers from the UK about the consequences of that. So what's happening now is that we're seeing a fundamental breakdown of our regulatory systems of gambling because these regulatory systems were not designed for the digital age. And it's very easy to say like, "Okay, so for example, like educating the public, right? Like, who's educating the public? No one's educating the public." Are there YouTube videos about the dangers of gambling? Like, no, right? Like, who's, like, no one's educating the public. Like, it's just, no one's doing it. Why aren't we doing? Well, everyone's like, "We're educating. We're trying to get people to get vaccinated for COVID, COVID, because like, you know, people are dying for COVID. We're trying to like educate people about the dangers of fentanyl use and we're trying to teach them how to use Narcan, which is a life-saving measure of heroin addiction." Like, we're busy trying to save lives. And while we're busy trying to save lives, during our watch, there is a sleeping pandemic that is like completely under the surface that very few people even realize. We're starting to get it. Technology addiction is destroying our society because it's comp, like all of our old frameworks don't work.

Because if you say, "Oh my God, like we should not have YouTube videos about gambling." Well, let's like think about that, right? So if I'm a gambling house, I'm like, "Okay, fine, cool. Like all these restrictions on advertising. I have to tell people about the dangers on the advertisement. No problem. I will comply to with all of your rules." And you know what I'm not going to do? I'm not going to advertise. I'm not going to have an advertisement. What I'm going to do is pay someone to play a game. Because that's what they do. We're going to comply with all the sponsorship rules as well, right? We have to state that this is a sponsored stream. Fantastic. Do sponsored streams fall under advertising, or those regulated in different ways? And this is where it's really easy to say like, "Oh, okay, the platform needs to do better. The platform needs to take care of it." So like, let's just think through that. So this is something that personally frustrates me a lot, is I see a lot of people hurling criticisms, but oftentimes when we hurl criticisms, it's like all done in Kruger, and we don't really know what we're talking about. Feels like the right answer. I'm not saying that you shouldn't advocate for your beliefs, but just try to appreciate the complexity of what's going on. Okay? Once again, I'm not trying to criticize anyone in particular, but let's say that we, we go to a platform like Twitch. And by the way, I think Twitch did a great job. I think everyone who's advocating for more safety on Twitch did a great job. All that stuff is great. But let's just think through this. So if Twitch is like, "Okay, like, how does Twitch manage gambling?" Right? So how, like, just think about if you're in Twitch issues, okay? What are we gonna do? Well, the first thing we're gonna do is comply with the laws. Easy, right? Okay, hold on a second. Comply with which laws? Are you complying with the laws in the United States? What if I'm a company in Macau or the UK? I'm adherent to my laws. So like, I'm operating over here, and like you're adhering to the law. It's like, we're adhering to the laws of advertising and sponsorship in the terms of service, which is like, great, right? So like Twitch was like, "Hey, by the way, if you have

A sponsor, you have to tell people. Good, good rule. Or now, we're making a UK company comply with U.S. laws. Like, okay, totally fine. Let's say we do that, which, by the way, isn't cheap, right? Because then, what are the laws? How are you enforcing compliance? All this kind of crap, right? Like, and you report the channel. Okay, what's the violation? They did not. If you're the person who reported, they did. They violated Section Article 2, Section CO3.22 of the Gambling Code of Conduct in the UK. No one is filing that in a report. And then, what are you expecting Twitch to do? Go back through and try to figure out, okay, like, the people who are reviewing content are certainly experts in gambling law. It's challenging. And but let's say that even then, we managed to get that taken care of. We're going to comply both with U.S. laws and UK laws. What if you have a user who's in Zimbabwe? Zimbabwe has its own laws. Now, what do we do if we're in compliance with these two laws? Like, if you're a user, if you're like a 15-year-old kid in Zimbabwe, like, what, what about the compliance of those laws?

So, I'm not saying that platforms aren't responsible. What I'm saying is that like the solution here is like complex. And this is where, thankfully, we actually know sort of what the solution is. So, here's the solution to this problem. The first thing is that we need good research. So, I believe that policies should be founded in facts, right? So, we need to understand really what the risks are. And once we know what gambling is doing or not doing, that needs to inform policy. And like, regulators need to like get on this yesterday. We need whole new swaths of legislation about how to handle emerging technologies, and especially the mental health impacts of emerging technologies, right? Because like, this is the thing where like, if I'm a regulator and like, I'm the expert on gambling regulation, I wrote the laws in 1970 about gambling advertisements. It's like, okay, what about this stuff? I don't really know. So, we do need some kind of regulation. I don't think that you can rely just on platforms, or even individuals for that matter, to fix this whole thing. So, it's got to be scientists. It's got to be regulators.

Next is platforms. So, I do believe that platforms have some degree of share of responsibility. For y'all to like, what they need to realize, and this is what I really applaud people like Twitch. And actually, I think the platforms are doing a good job of this kind of stuff. So, YouTube, for example, has a whole initiative to combat medical misinformation, which is fantastic, right? Because the regulators aren't doing it. They've dropped the ball. And like, a lot of misinformation is spreading. So, I think that like, they're doing good. I think Twitch is apparently removed some stuff, which I think is fantastic, right? So, they do have some responsibility. And the reason, but they're kind of left holding the bag. I don't think it's actually like, it's not fair that it should be on them because there's a lot of other people that are responsible. And then it doesn't end with the platform, right? So, then I think the next layer over is also responsible, which is the streamer themselves.

So, if you're a streamer or content creator, you have some responsibility. Once again, honestly, not calling anyone out. It's not my place to judge what your responsibility is. It's not my place to say, like, I may have an opinion on it, but that's just an opinion. It doesn't make me the arbiter of truth. But for each and every content creator out there, you'll need to think a little bit about what you're doing, right? Really think a little bit about like, what's the impact of what I'm doing? And this is the problem. Is like, I, I don't even blame people who are kind of caught on the wrong side of the line because I do not expect any person who has taken a gambling sponsorship to have read this. Like, how can you expect them to read this? Before I take a gambling sponsorship, I'm supposed to go through this [ __ ] and this and this and this and this and this and this and this and this and this and this and this. This is a great paper, by the way. If you want to read one paper, read this one. And this is just 10 papers I read. I mean, didn't read every word, but I went through 300 pages of research articles with a background in medicine, addiction psychiatry for Harvard, from Harvard Medical School. And like, I'm still ignorant. So, should they have some degree of responsibility? Absolutely. But I think like, we got to remember that these content creators are not experts in mental health. That's not their expertise. Can you blame someone for not being an expert in a particular thing, right? And that's where like, I, like, is there responsibility? Yeah, but we should also be mindful of what these people's expertises are, right? Like, because I, I don't even know. I don't know how to say this, but there's just.

So, here's the thing. It's like, there are organizations out there, right? That like have approached us, right? And they're like, shady mofos. Shady, shady mofos. But if I didn't know, like, I literally had to go to medical school. So, we'll get approached by a particular company and they'll be like, "Hey, we'd love you to sponsor this thing." I'll be like, "Show me the research." They'll be like, "We've got a PowerPoint." Like, a PowerPoint is not research. Show me the research. What's the methodology of your study? Did you use paired t-tests for your analysis or an ANOVA? Oh, very interesting. You guys tested 45 things, but you didn't use an ANOVA analysis? That's shady, shady, mcshady. Do you all even like? But people don't even know what an ANOVA analysis is. And even then, even with all of our expertise, eventually someone is going to trick us because we are not omniscient. And neither are other streamers. So, is there some degree of responsibility? Yeah. But also like, what do you expect them to know? Even if this is gambling, like, what about all kinds of other stuff? If someone starts, you know, sponsoring like a particular cosmetic, or someone starts sponsoring a particular supplement, or someone starts sponsoring Raid: Shadow Legends, right? Like, what are we, what's the expectation of expertise by a streamer?

And it doesn't just end with them. It's also, I hate to break this to you, on the parents. It's on the parents. Because if you're talking about the behavior of a child, maybe I'm old-fashioned, but I really think the first responsibility of the first person who's responsible for a child is the parent. Now, does that mean they're solely responsible? No, because as we've said, there are literally like billion-dollar corporations that are developing and A/B testing loot boxes so that your kid is addicted to a video game. It's an uphill battle for parents. But we can point the finger as much as we want to to like Twitch or a particular streamer or whatever. But like, at the end of the day, I recently heard about a kid who spent twenty thousand dollars doing some kind of online activity. And people are like, "Oh my God, people are exploiting this kid." It's like, where the hell does a 12-year-old kid get twenty thousand dollars? What is going on there? 40% of people who gamble online who are adolescents under the age of 18 do so with parental permission or awareness. You could say, well, 60% of the parents don't know. That's a problem, right? That's maybe not the parent's fault. Maybe it is. Why don't you know what's going on in your kid's life? Is there anything that a parent can do to be more aware of what's going on in their kids' life? Absolutely.

And then the last responsibility. This is the one that people dislike the most. Everyone's like, "Last responsibility is right here." The moment we surrender our individual responsibility for anything, we've lost something very valuable, right? So, if you're gambling, you know, I'm in the situation because y'all, someone else should have saved me. No, I mean, I get it, right? Because it's like, it's an uphill battle for YouTube. But honestly, if we want to fix this problem, like most problems, it's not just pointing the finger at one person. And this is the real challenge with these situations is that everyone's to blame, so no one is responsible, right? The gambling industry looks at this person. The government looks at that person. Parents point to Twitch. Streamers point to Twitch. Twitch points to streamers. People, parents point to streamers. Everyone's like pointing the finger, right? So, what can you do about this kind of situation? Like, what can you do?

This is where like, we're doing what we can. So, I heard about all this crap. We try to steer clear of drama. Sometimes it finds us anyway. We're not real. We're really not trying to criticize any particular person. I'm not just saying that sort of as a disclaimer to avoid drama. It's like, honestly, like, because I thought I just made an argument for like, you can't just point a finger at one person. So, what needs to happen? A couple things need to happen. The first is, I don't know what we're gonna do about this, but we've already been active, um, with some regulatory bodies around not this stuff, but more technology addiction and like mental health stuff. But I guess we're diving into gambling, right? So, like, some, some people like need to like write stuff about this and like share this kind of information with people so that people are aware of the dangers.

Next thing that needs to happen is we need to have more dialogue. And this is something that like, is really challenging. But the internet does not like dialogue. The internet likes arguments. The internet likes drama. So, if you look at like platforms like Twitter, and once again, I'm not blaming a platform, it's just it's like a match made in hell between the human brain and Twitter. Is that humans respond to shorter stuff. And so, if I'm a platform and I want to compete, I need to be short and sweet and to the point. The problem is that when we start to engage in Twitter wars, right, there's like, there's no actual dialogue or communication. And then what happens is we get radicalized, right? Because I agree with this person, I'm a stand for this person. There's that, their stands, and our stands. And the stands go to war. And like, when Stans collide, like, I don't think anyone learns anything. So, something needs to change in terms of like, dialogue and conflict resolution.

This is where like, we've been thinking about this. I don't know what to do about this except just like, if people are having difficulty communicating, like, we can moderate a discussion. And this is kind of like, it's not couples counseling, but we're going to use principles from those kinds of things as well as. But it's not fair because like, we use that in mediation training, for example, right? So, there's like, there's skills of communication, which we don't know how to have a dialogue anymore. All we know how to do is like fight with each other. And why do we, why do we select for that? It's because that's what we, as the audience, love, right? I've spent more time on LSF in the last 24 hours than I have in the last year. And I'm not blaming LSF, right? But there's like, there's something basic about the human mind. And we love this stuff. Oh my God, it's like, I woke up this morning, I'm like, I'm trying to not use my cell phone for 30 minutes. But let's figure out what's going on. What happened, right? And I spent like 15 to 20 minutes on LSF. And it's like, and like, we can't blame LSF. We can't blame the streamers because we're the ones that created them. We're the ones, we are the ones that choose what to upvote, right? And I think in a lot of ways, LSF is really, really fantastic. I think they're doing awesome work because they're raising awareness of the issue. We would not be making this video unless this was such a big thing. By them raising awareness of the issue, we are making this video. And in some tiny, tiny way, we hope that someone will learn something from this. That a parent will look at this and be like, "Okay, maybe I should like, ask my kid." If you're a parent and you're watching this, just freaking ask your kid if they gamble online. Just ask them. If one person watches this and one parent asks a kid, if you were a kid and you gamble online, tell your parent. And if that heals one thing and deviates one child off of the path of a five to nine X increase in suicide risk, we have done awesome.

And in the same way that there's a sharing of responsibility for the failure, there's a sharing of the responsibility for the success. So, is this Dr. K's success? No. Do I own a piece of it? Absolutely. But it is also every streamer's success as well, because they're the ones that raised awareness of the issue. It's also LSF's success. It's also Twitch's success. It's also your success because y'all are the [ __ ] that upvoted the stuff on LSF. And this is what we have to do. We have to start using these online tools that some companies are using to bypass all kinds of safeguards, get rich at the expense of us killing ourselves. We have to use those same weapons in the opposite direction to raise awareness. If you were a person or a streamer who has an issue, please share your opinion. Please let us know what you think is wrong. And also try to do so in a constructive way, because the way that we engage in dialogue when people are [ __ ] calling each other out right and left and center, do you think the person that you're calling out is like listening? Now, what we do is we try to bully people into submission, right? It's like, if the public outcry, which by the way, is sometimes easily manipulated, maybe if the public outcry rises to a particular level, then like people will respond. But like, that's not a sustainable or healthy like bullying people into submission. It's like, it's like the internet has become one giant dysfunctional family. And just like a family, we rely on these like bludgeoning techniques to get things done instead of people sitting down and actually like talking to each other.

So, I don't know what else to say about this. I mean, we've got other stuff to talk about, but, you know, my take on the drama or whatever. Like, do I think that Twitch is making a good move? Yeah. I think a lot of people criticize Twitch, but I don't think, I mean, from my perspective, it's like Twitch didn't have to do anything, right? Like, people can complain. I think they're quite forward-thinking in this way. And I think YouTube, like, I don't think that these online platforms are as evil as everyone makes them out to be. Like, we'll criticize certain aspects of them, but I think it's like, hopefully, y'all are sort of getting a sense. I'm not anti-Twitter. It's just Twitter allows for a particular kind of thing. And what Twitter allowed, there's a lot of great stuff that Twitter allows for. Like, when people are revolting against dictatorships, Twitter is very helpful in fighting the good fight, right? Like, Twitter's great, like, in terms of raising awareness of large-scale issues. Like, without the #MeToo movement, like, who knows what would be going on with Epstein and Weinstein and all this, you know, all those people. Like, it can be a force for good. And this is the thing. What we're dealing with is like nuclear material. It can be harnessed for an unbelievable amount of energy, and it's radioactive. Um, I did see your question, Triforce. I will address it later. We're going to talk a lot about self-esteem today. Okay, okay.

So, now we've got a couple of questions. So, I heard that there was stuff on the Twitter. Okay, so let's look at the Twitter. All right. Why do people warning me about the risks make me want to do it more? Question: How can someone with ADHD have a healthy relationship with a game like poker? Oh my God, such good questions. All right. So, when someone warns you away from something, sometimes you want to do it more, right? Ain't that the truth? So, question is, why is that? So, a couple things to consider. The first is that if you're, so that we know that like oppositional natures are somewhat of a personality characteristic. So, I think some kids learn best by being told, and some kids learn best by sort of figuring it out themselves. I've spent a lot of time with kids from both camps. So, some of that is just personality, where we have a society where the more we standardize, protocolize, you know, institute warnings, we're not really accommodating a particular type A personality type variant within our population, which is that some kids like need to be like, they're, they're sort of discovery learners as opposed to dissemination learners. So, some kids like are fine with disseminating information, they just kind of absorb it like a sponge and they're good. But if you're a discovery learner, then what you need to do is like explore the concept yourself. And we just don't facilitate self-understandings. That's the first thing.

Issue number two is that sometimes the reason that we're rebellious when we're told not to do something is because we discovered early on that the things that are forbidden for us are actually really fantastic. Like, sometimes that's what it is. So, imagine that I grew up in a household where, you know, I wasn't, let me think about this. So, I wasn't like allowed to drink, let's say, Coke, right? All the other kids get to have Coke, and all the other kids get to play video games. I don't get to play video games. I don't get to have Coke. So, I don't get to have Sprite. I don't get to have any soda, Pepsi, nothing. And so, like, when I go to my friend's house and I have a soda and I get to play video games, I'm like, "Wow, this is really amazing. I love this stuff." So, some of us then learn, what's the lesson that that child learns? The child learns that, oh, the stuff that is restricted to me is like actually fantastic. And so, once you learn that, if you've been raised in a very restrictive household, then you're going to have some programming or conditioning to run in the direction of what you've been warned away against, right? So, I think those are two really, really, really key things to think about. If you want to understand why do I gravitate towards things that are forbidden, you have to explore your own experience with things that are forbidden and try to figure out like, where did this attraction to the forbidden thing come from? And recognize that a certain amount of it may be personality.

Second question was, how can someone with ADHD have a healthy relationship with a game like poker? The answer is, honestly, it's hard. So, what we know from research on ADHD is that people with ADHD are, first of all, more vulnerable to addictions in general compared to the population. There's a whole video about that in Dr. K's Guide to ADHD and Doing Stuff breaks down. If you look at basically, if you look at how the brains of people with ADHD are different, what you find is there's some neuroscience changes, some changes in capacities like higher amount of impulsivity, less amount of delayed gratification, difficulty executing and planning tasks, a tendency to procrastinate. These are vulnerabilities of the ADHD brain. And what you find is along comes an addiction and they're like, "Hey, I see that you're highly impulsive and have trouble delaying gratification. You're now my new best friend. Let's go. Let's go party. Let's have a great, great time." And so, it's almost like ADHD is like gives you a debuff that makes you vulnerable to addiction. So, if you've got ADHD and you're playing video games or gambling or stuff like that, just recognize that it's going to be an uphill battle for you compared to a neurotypical person. And I think there's like strong enough evidence for me to be able to make that generalization. Not saying that people with ADHD can't conquer addictions or not everyone is prone to addiction. But if we look at populations of people, if we take a thousand people with ADHD and a thousand people who are neurotypical, what we'll find is that the amount of addiction in the ADHD population will be higher than the neurotypical population. It's just how it is.

The other thing is that a lot of times people think about addiction treatment and what we call dual diagnosis, which means that we acknowledge that, for example, if you have depression and you have an alcohol addiction, the two are going to be synergistic and you can't just treat one. So, why do I drink? I drink to cope. So, I can become sober, but if my depression is untreated and I become depressed, I'm going to need the alcohol to cope with the depression. The flip side is, even if I start, let's say, medication or treatment for depression, I can deal with that depression. But if I keep drinking, the alcohol will have a neurological effect on my mood and predispose me to depression. You can even get something called a substance-induced mood disorder. So, like alcohol can in and of itself cause a depressive episode. So, generally speaking, when we think about dual diagnosis, we think about mood disorders and addictions. We don't think about ADHD in addictions. So, oftentimes that's something that's very, very important. You have to treat the ADHD and the addiction simultaneously. It's impossible to make someone more susceptible to gambling. If so, how do gambling sites take advantage of this? Yeah, it's absolutely possible to make someone more susceptible to gambling. So, if we go back to the psychology of how people get into gambling, remember we discussed a lot of different things: impulsivity, impaired risk calculations, illusion of control, right? So, I don't calculate the costs well enough. I believe I can affect change, right? There's also aspects of peer pressure and advertising. And if trendy, our brains are vulnerable to what's trending. So, how do gambling sites take advantage of this? Really simple, right? Wow, you win one million dollars! Look at all these people winning $69,000, winning $18 cent loss, right? Top 10 streamers, biggest wins of 2020, Casino Grounds. How do they take advantage of it? This is how they take advantage of it. They create a culture, they create a system where big streamers get to win. That's all they do. Big streamers get to win. The rest will handle itself. Things will get clipped, things will get shipped, things will get shared, things will get edited, and it'll increase the illusion of your control. It'll impair your ability to accurately predict what will happen if you spend $100 on these sites. They'll do all these things automatically, right? Is it even advertising? No, it's not an advertisement. They're not paying for an advertisement. They're completely in compliance with all the laws. How can we fault them? They're not doing anything wrong. This is the law. I'm like a business that's operating well within the limit of the law. I'm not doing anything illegal. That's the standard, right? Is that as a corporation, I shouldn't do anything illegal? Great. I'm adhering to that standard. Easy.

Do loot boxes and gacha systems count as gambling from an addiction standpoint? Why? Why are some people can't control themselves while others can stop whenever they want? Great questions. So, let's talk about loot boxes. So, loot boxes are this beautiful, beautiful gray area. And I don't, in a sense, I don't even, there's a part of me that doesn't really fault game developers for loot boxes because loot boxes are a natural evolution of mechanics that 100% used to be okay. So, back in the day, I was addicted to Diablo 2. And the cool thing about Diablo 2 is when you do a boss run, the boss drops a random loot, and that made the game more fun, right? Because like random loot, like random loot is fine. There's no problem with random loot, right? We're randomizing loot. We have whole games that are built on randomization, like procedurally generated. Like, what we're going to ban procedurally generated games because they're random? There's random loot. And now what we're going to do is we're going to take the random loot and we're going to put it inside of our toolbox, just a random reinforcement schedule. There's nothing illegal with that. In fact, it's quite legal, right? You can buy a lottery ticket.

So, then things got a little bit tricky because in-game items started to have real-world value. So, I opened a treasure from the Dota 2 game and I got an item, and I looked at it, and I was informed by the, the game that this treasure sells for $600. So, I was like, "Let's sell it. I don't care about cosmetics." So, items sold for $600. Then I had like infinite Steam money for a while. So, then the question is, okay, hold on a second. Is this a cosmetic item? If it has real-world value, are you really gambling? So, some countries actually think so. So, I believe it's Belgium, I may have gotten that wrong, but some countries have actually started regulating. They've classified loot boxes under regular gambling. So, they've said this counts because the second we've crossed over, or not the second, but now that we've substantially crossed over from virtual items to real-world money, you're gambling for a virtual item that has no inherent value but does have an external value. You're now considered gambling. So, is that correct? I'm not sure. So, I'm not an expert in policy, but like, what I do know is it's a one hell of a gray area. I think we're getting closer and closer to those needing to be regulated. But where is the dividing line on that? Like, you're welcome to have an opinion. I'm sure anyone out there has an opinion. I don't know that your opinion is right. Does that make sense? Because like, then, okay, so like, let's just do the math. So, if I can sell an item on eBay in a video game and someone is willing to buy it, and it's not found in a loot box, but as drops from a boss, does that make, and the boss has a random loot table, does that mean that bosses in video games that have bosses with random loot tables should be regulated as gambling? Right? I don't know. I mean, that sounds a bit extreme to me. Like, but if y'all say yes, okay. If y'all say no, like, feel free to share your thoughts.

Right now, there's a second part to the question. Why are some people, why can't some people control themselves when other people, why can some people control themselves and other people can't? That, unfortunately, is a very complex question. So, here's how I would answer it very simply. The ability to control your behavior, which we'll talk about later today, the ability to control your behavior has to do with trait and state. So, there's some reasons. A part of the reason why some people can control themselves is because of essentially like some things that are pretty hard-wired, right? So, if you were grow, if you grew up and your frontal lobes developed in a nice healthy way, right? If they grew up in the absence of mood-altering substances. So, for example, like if you didn't smoke pot before the age of 30, that has been shown to impair, I mean, smoking pot has been shown to impair frontal lobe development, for example. So, depending on how your brain develops, if you were taught by your parents to a certain degree, like delayed gratification, and taught how to study, and taught how to do all kinds of stuff, then it can be easier to control your impulses. If you are not taught those things, or you were born with a brain that's ADHD or whatever, then it's going to be harder for you because of your brain. But that's not the whole thing. So, people will think, "Oh my God, that means I'm screwed." No, because there's a software component as well. And what we've learned from psychiatry is that the software component probably, in a lot of ways, is more important than the hardware component. That you can take someone who has ADHD and you can do therapy with them. And if you do therapy with them, or you work with someone who's like an ADHD coach, which is something that I hear a lot about nowadays, right? So, we also equip our coaches with some stuff to help people get organized. That you can learn particular things to compensate for whatever your brain is naturally tending towards. And so, there's a lot of addiction is also state-based, right? So, it's not just what you can learn, but it's how you feel in the moment. So, if I'm alone in life, sitting at home all day, and have nothing to look forward to, it's way easier to get addicted to a substance or gambling or gaming or whatever, right? There's an internal emotional state, which we also know very strongly neuroscientifically. And there's an excellent researcher named, I don't know how to pronounce this, V-O-L-K-O-W, Volkow, Volco, I don't know. Best researcher on this stuff. Excellent neuroscience papers about how a lack of awareness of your internal state predisposes you to addiction. And so, if you look at the mechanisms through which meditation helps people with addiction, is we learn how to become aware of our internal emotional state, and we learn how to emotionally regulate ourselves. And once you have those two things, once you can regulate your state, you no longer are going to be as vulnerable to the addictive substance. So, in a nutshell, it's trait and state. Part of the way that you were born, you were wired. Some people are luckier, other people are unluckier when it comes to addiction, specifically. And then some people are more vulnerable because of their circumstances or even how they're feeling moment to moment. I think her name is Nora Volkow. Let me see. Yeah. So, if we look at, if you all want to see, I'm sure this is, I don't know if this is the right paper, but this is the right person. Yep. Great paper. This is a fantastic paper. I think it's, let's see. PDF? Nope. Okay. Let's, psychiatry is not in the public domain, but like, fantastic, fantastic. Okay, okay.

Last question is, watching people gamble, is it dangerous? Can seeing others gamble make it more likely to become addictive? I'm gonna go ahead and say on balance, yes. There is a risk to watching people gamble. And that too, there's some nuance here because it's not just watching people gamble, it's the way in which you watch them gamble and what aspect of the gambling are you watching. So, for example, watching a clip compilation of people gambling, I think will probably be more harmful than watching eight hours of like someone just clicking buttons. Maybe I'm wrong. So, that data could show the opposite. But I think if we look at some of these things like illusion of control and expectation of reward, when I watch 10 clips of people hitting it big, what do you think my brain learns about the likelihood that I will win it big? If I see saw a clip of a hundred people losing a ton of money, what would I learn? If I saw a clip of 100 people winning a bunch of money, what would I learn? And so, I do think that there is a danger to watching people gamble. But that I think is also variable, right? So, it's not like binary. And so, watching a stream, I mean, who knows? Maybe watching a stream for eight hours is actually more damaging because you're getting inundated with it, inundated with it, inundated with it. Maybe you're watching it on the second screen and the only time you pay attention is when there's a big win. Maybe you get bombarded with the sensory stimuli and all the banners and the logos and the colors. Maybe that, that has the worst effect. I don't know. But in general, I'd say yes, that watching people gamble will make you more prone to gambling. And that's not specific to gambling, by the way, right? So, if I like watch people eat chicken nuggets, I'm going to want to eat chicken nuggets. If I watch people playing a video game, I'm going to want to play the video game. It's how human beings work. Make sense? Good questions.

Okay, I'm just gonna vibe with y'all for a minute. I've got two other things I wanted to cover today, but I don't know if I have the energy. Yeah. That was supposed to be a lot shorter. I was like planning 30 minutes for that, but now I see that we're an hour and a half into stream. So, I have a question at healthygamer.gg. What if you have to provide ID to online gamble? That's a great point. But what we know, so I think it's possibly a step in the right direction. I think that's the kind of thing where you've got to think about the implementation. What is your verification system for online ID? Like, if I'm from India, will you accept an Indian ID? Do you know what a fake Indian ID looks like? Do you know what a real Indian ID looks like? And like, how are you verifying the ID? Is it like a picture of the ID? How do you know that I'm the person that matches the picture on the ID? I think it sounds like a great idea. This is the thing is that these solutions, like, what is the actual implementation, right? And then like, for example, are you gonna check to see that the same ID is not used twice? So, can I make multiple accounts? Right? Like, how do you, how you know? Did you think about that? What other kinds of things did we not think about that could be potential loopholes? I think it's challenging. There's already strict verification for legal sites in in U.S. states at least, but there are gray market websites that don't follow. Yeah, so like, what's, how are you going to enforce compliance? Should potential loopholes really be an obstacle for change? No, not at all. But implementations should consider loopholes, right? And our solutions should consider those kinds of things. Al peacefully is saying, "Turn all humans into NFTs." We're already NFTs. We're more unique and non-reproducible than NFTs are. We're the original NFT. Downfall Orange is, "How to solve drama on Twitch?" I'll tell you how to solve drama on Twitch. You get people to talk. That is how you solve drama on Twitch, right? So, I think this is a problem where like, what we started to do more and more of is like, debate. Just get people to talk in like a relatively non-judgmental way. They're like, simple, simple techniques that you can use. The problem is that once again, like, think about the nature of interaction. So, when people say stupid stuff on the internet, when is it said? See, this is the challenge is that people get really tired, right? I've been streaming for eight hours. At that point, I'm gonna say something stupid. I'll say something that like, this is, this is the challenge of being a streamer is that you're the standard to which you're held is perfection, right? Like, if you say something that's even slightly off-color, that's the thing that gets clipped and shipped. And the fact that it is less than 0.0001% of what you've said on the topic doesn't matter. And so, then what happens is, as a streamer, like, you want to stream long, right? No, but so here's the thing. Not so Lackey Me Jen is saying, "Not just streamers, even." So, this is, this is the important thing to understand. So, when you're a regular human, no one is recording like everything you say, just spit it back in your face. When you're a streamer, not everything, but anytime you're live, right? For streamers, and remember, like streamers stream for hours at a time. You don't get to misstep in hours of time. And that's just not, I just don't think that it's like humanly possible. Like, people are gonna make mistakes. Like, you're just gonna misspeak a little bit or say something that you didn't mean. And it's like, you're just being a regular human. And the moment you speak, you say something, someone takes issue with it, clipped and shipped. And is there context? Of course not. Screw context. Context isn't what gets views. In fact, the more context there is, the less likely you are to get upvoted. Because let's think about this. If it's a 30-second video versus a 30-minute video, how many people can watch it? Way more people can watch the 30-second video, right? We're seeing 60X people watch the 30-second video compared to the 30-minute video in terms of time commitment, which means that there's going to be a lot more reaction to the 30-second video as to as opposed to 30-minute video. Even if it's upvotes or downvotes or approval or disapproval, it doesn't matter. All that these platforms care about is engagement. So, if you look at it like, you'll see controversial people the most. There are particular people who are both from the liberal and conservative sides, neither of whom I follow on any social media platform, and yet they keep on popping up. I don't even follow them, and they keep showing up. Why is it? Because they're, because they say stuff that heavily aligns with one group and heavily doesn't align with another group. That's what.

If you look at, so right now, I want you all to think about. I guess we'll screw the rest of the stream, let's just talk. Okay? I want you all to think about, so who here understands the process of natural selection and evolution? Because if you want to understand how to succeed in streaming culture, all you have to do is understand natural selection. So, when I was a senior at the University of Texas at Austin, I took a course called Neurobio, I mean, sorry, Biology of Evolution. The course was incredibly boring, but blew my mind. Something clicked in my head. And what I realized is that natural selection is a principle of the world. So, what do we see? What we select for? What is being selected for? Is balance being selected for? Is nuanced perspectives being selected for? If you look at a truly nuanced perspective, like, let's say we read, like, I don't know, let's take a look at this. When people are commenting about gambling on the internet, are they talking about fiscal? Are they talking about this 33-page exploration of what's happening in the gambling industry, right? Are they talking about public health approach to gambling regulation, countering powerful influences? No, of course not. Why don't we talk about that? What would happen, chat? So, we have 3479 viewers. If I were to start reading this article word for word, what would happen to my viewer count? You all would start sloughing off. Now, if I said, "Oh man, chat, I'll tell you one thing. There's one streamer that I think really screwed up over the last 48 hours. There's one streamer that I think is an absolute piece of crap who has really let everybody down." And that streamer is right. Because anything I say, the doctor is the only thing I can say. I can't use anyone else. But like, if I had said someone's name, literally, if I had said someone's name, no one would care about the context. You think people would go back and watch six minutes before this video where I started? No. Clipped and shipped, baby. Dr. K calls out whatever for being a piece of crap. What are we selecting for? And so, if like, if we're complaining, like, this is what we get. It's like when people complain about politicians. Like, sure, is there some like entrenchment and minority rule and oligarchical forces? Like, sure. But we get what we paid for. Come on. We get what we paid for in the U.S., for sure, right? And like, we, you know, you get what you pay for. The ones that create these beasts, and then we get surprised. We're the ones that did this to them. Look at celebrities, look at what we do to them. How screwed up they are. And the more screwed up they get, we love it, right? There's a particular celebrity I'm thinking of. It's a very famous picture of them with a shaved head because this person was a sex symbol of sorts. And like, that picture is just so propagated. And it's like, this is what we do. It's natural selection. We select for people because here's the thing. When you get engaged in drama, like people watch, right? And when you've got like drama-oriented content creators, we're not just talking about people who wind up in drama, but people who will literally like hate farmers, they do very well. Why is that? It's because there's an appetite for it. I'm trying to guess. Brian Cranston, Beckham, Britney Spears, Vin Diesel, Top G, Pac-Man, Asmongold, Tate. See, it's like, even now, like, just look at what happened in chat. I'm trying to make a nuanced point, and I'm facetiously, I'm purposely not saying a name. And what the [ __ ] do you all focus on? Completely ignore the point, right? I don't even blame you. Like, I debated y'all. This is something we do together, right? It's like, "Oh, like Dr. K's like mad at us." But like, what, you don't think I'm respons-, like, I have a hand to play in this, right? If I just said a name, like, I would have been like, "Oh," and then we would have moved on. Or I could have just avoided making the statement. You get it? So, it's like, "Oh, like, oh, well, like, we'll blame it." Twitch chat. No, like, blame me. Like, that's what I'm saying.

So, this is the weird thing that's happening on the internet. Is this like some kind of weird-ass symbiotic relationship? Many, many, many, many years ago, there was like a eukaryotic cell that was like human, and there was like a prokaryotic cell that was not. And what we did is gobble that little cell, and it stayed with us. And we didn't eat it entirely. We let it live within us. And that prokaryotic cell became a mitochondria. And then we evolved into human beings. And what we're seeing right now on the internet is some weird-ass symbiotic relationship forming between particular humans who look at a camera and particular humans who watch the video of the person with the camera. Everyone knows the powerhouse of the cell, right? This is what we're creating. And so, this is not just about gambling. This is like, there's parasocial relationships that we've talked about before. Like, there's something weird going on. This is what I mean. Like, I don't think this is kind of a weird indictment. I don't think society gets it. I don't think politicians get it. I don't think scientists get it. I don't think most people really understand what is going on right now. There is an unprecedented weird thing that digital stuff and technology is doing to our, not just our brains, but the way that we interact with each other. And I wouldn't be surprised if 50 or 60 years from now, we look back at the world we live in today and we're like, "Wow, like, back when people used to use cocaine to fix headaches, like that was insane. Back when doctors used to recommend cigarettes for people who were feeling down, like that was insane." Like, we're going to look back at this time. We're going to see an unprecedented amount of technological advancement without an appreciation for what impact it has on human beings.

It's like, and we're seeing it, right? Like, we're starting to see it. So, just to go back to this, like, we're seeing this stuff. It's like, "Whoa, buddy." Adjusted odds ratio for attempted suicide was 9.0 in men with scores that indicated problem gambling and 4.9 in women with scores that indicated problem gambling. Like, we're starting to see it, right? And like, people are speaking out. Platforms are taking responsibility for it. Like, that's fantastic. I think we're moving in the right direction. But, you know, so like, going back to what it takes to be a successful content creator, and we've worked with hundreds of content creators at this point, so we sort of know. And this is what's hard about being a content creator. Maybe we can actually, we have time for one post because this is sort of related to that. The challenge of being a content creator is that like your brain will figure out what it takes to be successful. You'll figure it out. You're a smart, smart person, smart streamer. Then you've got a choice of whether you want to do it or not, right? Because being involved in drama makes you grow. Then the question is, if you get involved in too much drama, doors close. But if you're involved in the right amount, like, no drama, no one will ever hear of you. Little, like, there's like this perfect level of drama. You get populated enough. Oh, what's going on, right? And that's because we're humans. We're social animals. Care about like, gossip is like a central part of what we do. So, you got to be involved in the right amount of drama. And I think that a lot of streamers like realize this. And then what happens is you get kind of stuck because every time you're involved in drama, it gives you ulcers. Seen that too. It hurts you in your soul to be caught up in.

This crap, but it helps you succeed. It helps you grow. So it's like, everyone talks about making a deal with the devil. You give up your soul. That's what streamers are doing. You make a deal with the masses. "I will give a portion of my life force to you, and in return, you will give me views." We're the devil in that situation, right? And like, literally make a deal with the devil. What happens? Subs, donors, "Just entertain me. Dance, monkey, dance, and I shall give you money." Sacrifice yourself. Start having your hair fall out. Get an ulcer. What do you click on, right? Do you click on the nuanced streamer? It's a symbiotic relationship, and it's the one that we're selecting for.

And content creators, some of them are willing to pay the price. Some of them aren't. Some of them try too hard to pay the price and overdo it. So it's challenging. It's hard to be a content creator. I don't think we realize how hard their lives are on average, right? All we see is them laughing and occasionally getting caught up in drama. But I, I don't think we really appreciate how hard it is. When, and it's not even the whole internet, right? Because you've got your stands, they've got their stands. But just think about, like, the people in your life. Like, how many people does it take to ruin your day? Like, how many comments does it take to ruin your day?

All right, if you go to work, and one person, you get an anonymous text. Doesn't have to be an in-person interaction. It's like, "Hey, [ __ ], you suck. You're wasted space." Like, that hurts. And depending on how big you are as a streamer, you can have 99% of people love you. And if you get, let's say, a million views a month, and 99% of people love you, you've still got 10,000 people calling you a piece of crap. 10,000 people, each in their own way, using their own particular words, in the platforms that you try to hide in. So you ignore them on Twitter, you ignore them on Reddit. An army of mods. Ten thousand. And they have a 99% catch rate. 100% of them get through. 100% of them get through. Each one hurling their own particular type of vitriol your way. And one of them is going to phrase, they're gonna find that, that system of words. They're gonna, one of them's gonna call you, gonna call you stupid. One of them's gonna call you fat. One of them is gonna call you balding. One of them is gonna say you suck at video games. One of them is gonna say your pies are the worst in the universe. And just through RNG, with a hundred people randomly talking crap about you, one of them is gonna get it right, in terms of that one insecurity that you haven't shared with the whole world. And it strikes in deep. It's a critical hit.

And this is every single day. This is what it's like to be a content creator, right? It's just numbers. Like, I don't think human beings are designed to have that many eyes on them. Like, literally, we have not evolved to have a million people watching us over the course of a month. And it's so easy. Like, once that critical hit hits, it hits and it hurts. And then it happens day after day after day after day. So it's like celebrity. Yeah.

So Code Monkey, excellent point. Is it like celebrity? There's one huge difference. 60 years ago, what was my access if I'm a human being who's alive? What is my access to celebrity? How do I interact with them? I don't. What is my access to a content creator? Through the roof. I can add them on Twitter. I can DM them on Twitter. I can message them on Reddit. I can message their Reddit account. I can post on their Reddit. I can show up in Twitch chat. I can comment on their YouTube. If I'm crazy, I can even dox them. And if the streamer is big enough, not only can I dox them, I can find a community where people are doxing them. Right? The amount of access is unprecedented. Very different from celebrity, right? You can do all that stuff.

And so I think we don't really appreciate. When we sort of think about, like, you know, there's a big idea of streamers exploiting their viewers. And I'm not saying that it doesn't happen. Is there a power dynamic? Sure. But don't underestimate what if you've got a million viewers who are taken, you know, and one percent of them has taken pot shots at you? That's 10,000 pot shots a day.

So I'm gonna leave you all with one other thing. I know we're kind of completely off the topic today. So I was playing in a D&D campaign like many, many years ago. And we were a good group of players, right? So we were smart. We knew how to use our abilities. So the DM is like, "Okay, well, let's figure out like how to challenge y'all. What's the challenge? How are we going to take down this party of 10th level adventurers?" They can beat a dragon. "I know it's gonna be a hundred kobolds with short bows, and 30 of them are gonna be priests casting level one Hold Person." Five PCs, round one, each of you makes six saving throws. Half of us are paralyzed. Okay. There are 70 kobolds with short bows, two attacks around. That's 140 attacks at one D6 plus one damage. This is what it's like to be a content creator. Is there a power dynamic between my 10th level fighter and the kobold? Absolutely. The kobold doesn't stand a chance one-on-one. But you get enough of them, they're taking pot shots. One of them, a couple of them will land a 20. They'll hit. All right. It's a numbers game. And I think that's what we don't appreciate about streaming. Is that when it comes to being a content creator, like, you know, a lot of people are bashing on particular content creators. I'm not saying that the criticism isn't somewhat warranted. But just understand that there's a human being on the other end. That's what we try to show on our stream is that there's a human being on the other end. It doesn't make what they do right by any means, but there's a human being on the other end. Do they deserve what they get? I don't know, man. I really don't. Should they be held accountable? Sure. But I guess we can move on because this is kind of related. Yeah, I don't know. I don't feel like talking about this other. It feels so random and arbitrary.

Old Merkem is saying, "Thinking someone deserves what they get is a slippery slope according to anime wisdom." Yeah. I'm sad because we've worked with a lot of people, and what I see is like a lot of suffering. And like, people make mistakes, right? We've had people on stream who've made mistakes. Should they be held accountable? 100%. But being held accountable for your actions and trying to enforce a maximum amount of suffering. I think there's a big window between those two things. And I think what we try to do is, like, I don't know how to say this. There's like appropriate punishment and then there's like punishing someone. Right? There's like holding someone accountable and having them pay an appropriate penalty for their actions. And then there's like making them pay. And it's too easy for one to become the other. And the problem is that when we make them pay, we have a justification for what we do, right? Because they deserve to pay. They did something wrong. So they need to be held accountable. And so like, that seems to give us license to like, no mercy. Does that make sense, chat?

And this is where, like, you know, I think just notice the stuff within yourself, right? Because people are going to do things and say things that will really, really upset you. And it's not like I'm any different. So just by virtue of the number of people that we reach, right? I'm gonna say things that are objectionable to some people. And I'm not saying that your objections aren't valid. Like, you have damn good reason for taking objection to what I say. But like, think about the whole context a little bit, right?

And this is, so we walked into this minefield of gender dynamics, which by the way, I think is going well. I don't know if y'all have been paying attention to the discussion, but I think it's actually moving in the right direction. And just like what happens sometimes and when you tackle an issue is at the very beginning, there's a lot of venting of negative energy. And then once people feel heard, which by the way, I think our community does an awesome job of. I don't know if you guys have done this, but I was looking, so I browse Reddit. I can make maybe we can do this journey together. And, case in point, leaving the sub for the benefit of my mental health, right? So yeah, so due to the constant hatred, you know, like even this, like the fact that this has a 76 upvote rate. So some people didn't like it, but it's got more upvotes than downvotes. And the fact that this person feels like they can share this. Like, while I do see some lovely posts that have spoken to genuinely kind people, they unfortunately get outshined by men harassing me in comments to prove myself. Like, I know I'm sad that this person is leaving, but I applaud them for doing so. You got to do what's right for you. And I think it's awesome. I haven't, we just like literally opened up Reddit. It's the top post. But if you look at this, um, you know, like, like girls are not potential partners, they're just people, and they should be treated as such. Unplugging from the Twitch drama. Like, I actually think there's a lot of good stuff here. I see that things are not perfect by any means. But if you guys go to like other mental health subreddits, it's way worse out there. Way, way worse. And Discord is even better.

Sateen Rose is gifted three months of Tier 1 subs to Adriana Lee. They've gifted 71 subs to the channel. That's insane. I mean, look, look, the internet is like, it's becoming a toxic place. And I'm glad that people are sharing. You know, "I'm leaving. Thank you for letting us know. I wish you could stay, but I don't blame you for going one bit. You got to do what's right for you. And when you're ready to come back, you can come back. We're going to work on ourselves till then." And I've seen men leave the community as well, right? Feeling like, "This isn't a place where I can be heard. Like, I share my thoughts." And there's another post about, "Why did my post about men being dehumanized get deleted?" Right? So someone deleted the post. Someone's not being heard. It's challenging because what we have in our community. So here's the cool thing, and also challenging thing about who we are. We're a place where echo chambers collide. And if you go to the other parts of the internet, like they're echo chambers. You'll see, you know what I mean? There can be good stuff in echo chambers, don't get me wrong. But it's, it's dangerous when echo chambers collide.

Are echo chambers necessarily bad? No. Like I said, a great question. Yellow, or even. I think there are advantages even to echo chambers. I think there are advantages. The term echo chamber, I think has a negative connotation to it. But let's like call it something else. Like, let's say, like a safe space for a particular group of people, right? So if there's like a, a safe space for a particular gender where we're not interested. This is a place specifically for support for people looking for support on a particular issue. We understand that there may be contrary opinions and that some people don't believe we deserve support. That's not, this is not the place for that discussion. I think that's completely reasonable. That I think is healthy. So even if you look at things like couples counseling or like family therapy or things like that, right? Like we'll set boundaries around what we are allowed to talk about at particular points. So if we're talking about keeping the house clean today, we're not going to talk about finances. So I think setting boundaries around discussions is actually really important. Because if you don't set boundaries on discussions, things get like completely, you know, things get completely messed up. So you have to set boundaries to have productive discussions.

The problem is, as you set boundaries, sometimes you can create really an echo chamber. And what tends to happen is within, within a community, there's drift over time. And you drift towards the extreme because of the natural selection process of the internet. This has been well documented. Y'all can just like to do a Google Scholar search for a term called "online drift." And for example, this has been described in social situations, like communities, online communities. We see it in sort of like the incel community. It's been well documented there. But we also see it in terms of things like pornography usage, where people will watch more and more extreme pornography over time because to get an emotional stimulation, which is what we respond to on the internet, you need more extreme content. Which is what the echo chamber provides, more and more extreme content. So it's, it's well known that this happens. And then I think that that does. And then what happens is like, you know, now we have two groups of people who are all agreeing with each other and never talking to each other. And when those two groups of people collide, there's no common ground. No one's interested in common ground because what they've gotten used to doing is just sharing their own perspective. It's like religion A and religion B that completely developed independently are now clashing. And what do they do? They talk? No, it's Crusade time.

So what we need is dialogue, right? That's like, I think that's what we need. Dialogue. People are engaged in drama. Dialogue. If people have differing opinions on gender issues, dialogue. Because here's the thing, anytime you see a discussion about things like gender dynamics, what do we call that when two people with opposing views meet to talk about gender issues? What do we call it? A debate. One winner and one loser. The whole setup. What in the debate, there's a winner and there's a loser. And since that's our default, this is what we get. So like, I think it would be great if we had discussions with people who were like interested in learning. If you believe something about a particular issue and someone else believes something else, you're not there to convince them. You're there to learn their perspective.

Do I think the red pill helps men on some level? Absolutely. It helps men on some level. So I think part of what red pill helps with is it first of all is emotionally validating. Secondly, on the positive end, it is encourages people to grow as human beings. I think the ways in which it's hurtful is it dehumanizes women and to a certain extent human beings. I think it's also overly reductionistic and based on pseudoscientific biological determinism. So I think it's harmful. But I think it helps some people. If it didn't help in some way, it wouldn't exist, right? And this is where there's like black and white. It's like, "Oh my God, they're so evil. They need to be destroyed." It's like, you've got to think about why they are there in the first place, right? What are the selection pressures that have allowed this group to grow? It's an example of an echo chamber. 100% agree. Anyway, have I said anything yet that's going to get me canceled?

[Music]

Professor Vincere is saying, "Hello Doc. Sorry, your Five Habits video was very insightful. Learned a lot. Thanks." Good. I'm happy to hear that.

So Dub three pieces is saying, "I feel so bad for the world right now. I think a lot of people are just suffering." It's true. But you also have to remember that that, to that perception that the world is going to hell, is also created by our selection bias. So what are the most emotionally engaging stories? The ones that, and what rises to the top is the most emotionally engaging. The more suffering there is, the more emotionally engaging it is. So I know this sounds kind of weird. And this is where like the "touch grass" campaign comes from. Is like, we can think that the world is a particular way. And like, oh my God, like men and women and and incels and discrimination and all this kind of stuff. But then like, you just go outside and interact with people. I'm not saying that it doesn't translate in some way, right? So that's the challenge. Is that when we do go outside, we interact with people, and then we have an experience that hurts us a lot. And then we go on to the internet to find other people who've had that same experience. But I do think that the world is better than we think it is. So I think for the most part, human beings are like pretty decent. I think that if people have extreme views, that's a consequence of a lack of dialogue. Which means that we can actually fix it. We just have to talk about it.

Whiteland's saying, "But what if people are getting shot at in the areas close to you?" So I think that that question is perfect. But what if you make a convincing argument? The world is going to hell because people are getting shot near me. And for those people, you're absolutely right. The world is going to hell. We had a really bad school shooting here in Texas a couple, not now, like a month ago, a month and a half ago, something like that, two months ago. So sometimes it's like, hell is in your backyard. And also, in the global scope of all of the events that are happening across the world, why do we choose to highlight the worst one? That's exactly why we have this perception. Because if we say, "Hey, the world isn't going to hell," our mind automatically, "But what about this?" Because that's the best state. Like, it's like the most convincing argument. Like, I can't say, "Oh, yeah, sorry, the world isn't going to hell because, yeah, it's totally okay that people are getting shot." No, of course not. That's why the world is going to hell. Good job. This is the whole point. Is that there's a selection device. Like, what's happening to the average person's life? I can't say for sure. In fact, the data that I presented today suggests that things are getting worse and not better, right? Gambling addiction amongst 10-year-olds, 12-year-olds, is increased by 400% between 2016 and 2019. That ate the world getting better? That's the world getting worse. That's pre-pandemic. Who knows what it's like post-pandemic. So there aren't, we're kind of screwing up profoundly in a number of different dimensions. And just because we're making lots of mistakes and some things are getting worse doesn't mean that other things aren't getting better, right?

I enjoyed playing "Call of the Lamb." Let's just think about this for a second. I'm a psychiatrist. I have a job. What is my job? What is my job right now? Am I working right now? Absolutely. This is my work. Like, how cool is that? Like, that's pretty sweet. My job is to help you. So here's what happened with me. Someone asked me earlier about, "I'm confused. You said you were going to become a monk. What? How did that work? Did you finish college? Did you not become one?" Because I'll explain. So after failing two years of college, I went to India and I discovered a system that taught me something really awesome. Just how do I work? How do I work? Like, where do desires come from? Why can't I control myself when I want to do something? Why can't I do it? And this whole, my whole, this whole life, this question had plagued me. That I want to do this, but I can't bring myself to do it. I didn't even know that that was the question. That was like the theme of my life. Is wanting things and being unable to do them. And what I got told by people, I got told solutions. But I couldn't do the solution. To say, "You want an A? Just study." "You want to know how to talk to girls? Just practice. It's about confidence. You gotta get rejected a thousand times." I couldn't even get rejected once. Think about it. Like, I couldn't even get rejected once. And these people are telling me to get rejected a thousand times.

And so I went to India. And they're like, "Hey, by the way, let's play a game. I want you to try to go 24 hours without speaking a single word." And I was like, "Okay, cool. Let's play the game." And I did that. And I learned, "Oh, like, this is like what's going on inside me. I have desires. I have to restrain those desires." They taught me in a stepwise fashion. If you have an impulse, how to control the impulse. And I was like, "This is pretty sweet." And then I went back. And like, I'd failed because I was playing too many video games. And then like, I was like, "I want to play a video game." I saw the impulse. But I had practiced how to restrain it. And then I restrained it. I was like, "Whoa, this is epic. This is transformative. I want to become a monk." So I went to my teacher and I said, "This is what I want to do. I want to give up my life, become a monk, and learn this 24/7. Devote myself to spiritual growth." Turns to me and he says, "You want to give up your life? What do you have worth giving up?" And what a sick burn. What do you have worth giving up? What are you giving up? You're failing out of college. You have no money, no serious relationships. What are you giving up? So he says, "Go back to school. You can come back every year. You can learn stuff. You're going to go to school. You're going to get a doctoral degree. When you're 30, I want you to invest the next nine years of your life in building a life. And if you still want to give it up when you're 30, we'll take you." So I was like, "Done."

So I went back to school. Spent winter holidays and summers in ashrams all over the place, usually India, occasionally South Korea or Japan or something like that, studying with different teachers with the goal, "Okay, I'm gonna go get a doctoral degree and then I'm gonna peace out." But my teacher was wise, which is what's cool about meditation teachers. Good meditation teachers, by the way. So they knew who I was. They knew that I wasn't giving up anything that I was escaping. Right? And they knew, they were like, "This little [ __ ], he's not giving up anything. It's all for the sake of his ego because I'm above materialism. I'm forsaking the material life to be higher. You got a 4.0 GPA. I became a monk. Look at how great I am." And then like, so they continued teaching me, right? And then I sort of discovered what they knew all along, which was cool about a teacher because they know you better than you know yourself. That I was like, "Actually, I don't need to give any of this up." And he's like, "Good job. I'm getting married, by the way." He's like, "Great. I'm happy for you. Go live your life."

So then I went to med school. But I'd still discovered this thing. I want to do something, but I can't do it. So then I went to med school, became a psychiatrist, all that good stuff. And then I started helping people, right? Because that's what psychiatrists do. They help people. I was like, "Yeah, I'm going to help people. I'm going to build this private practice. It's going to be great. I'm going to work with CEOs. It's going to be lit, right? I'm gonna have like, really powerful people. Then I'm gonna guide them." That too was ego. I still, I did to a certain degree, still do. But then what I realized is actually, like, I like those people because they're humans. But that's not actually who I'm here on this Earth to help. Because who is it? I mean, if you're a CEO of a billion-dollar company and you're looking for help, there's a line of people out the door. Everyone wants to help them. Elon Musk tweeted tomorrow, "Hey, I'm looking for some kind of spiritual guide or a mental health professional. Therapist. Is anyone able to help me?" It would be lying out the door. Be in line. As soon as I get done waiting in a different line. But anyway.

So then like, who is it that I can really help? Who are my people? And then what I realized is y'all are my people. And this is my job. It's not about helping someone who's great. It's not about helping someone who's powerful. It's not about helping someone who's going to pay me a lot of money. Like, so Duong Tan sang is in chat. He asked a question and I answered it. Will I ever meet him or her? Probably not. I'm gonna get paid? Probably not. All that's irrelevant, right? What's, what's our point being on this Earth? It's like to give stuff to people. That's what we're here for. And if you're someone who's like, "I don't have anything to give." "I don't have [ __ ] to give either." When I was 21. And it took me a while. It took me like 15 years to put my life together and be in a place. You're like, "How long does it take?" Like, "Oh my God, I'm 25. I'm 28. I'm 31. I'm 35. I'm your age." Ha ha. I'll use whatever logic I can to dismantle your argument that I have something to give. It took me 15 years to have something to give. And now it's my job to give it.

So Animatonica says, "Dr. K on tangent is beautiful. I'm with you." So I decided about an hour ago that like, you know what? I had, I've got important work to do that I'm supposed to do today. But we're not going to do that. I'm just not feeling it. We're just gonna hang out. We're gonna talk like we used to in the old days. Back before Dr. K was a thing. When there were like 30 people in chat. We used to stream for three hours. And like, there was no subreddit to comment on posts. Like back in the good old days when we were small. And don't get me wrong, I'm grateful for being big because that gives us a lot of opportunity and resources and advantages, right? We have a million subscribers on YouTube. That's a huge achievement that we literally could not have done without y'all. Like, literally, we can't do that. I can only subscribe once. The other 999,999 subscribers have to be all right. But what this is about is like, you know, we started this to try to help more people because I was like, "Look, I don't know if I like, I'm not going to get to everyone in my office." This is where I probably should say all kind of things. But instead of what I'm gonna say, rest of mind is, thank you. Thanks for pumping up those numbers with the bots. Appreciate it.

[Music]

Right, this is, this is what I love. Like, so, you know, I used to work in emergency rooms. And what I love about my job now is you never have a moment like this in an emergency room. I'm not saying that emergency room wasn't fulfilling and great and powerful, but it's not this. And so this is what we're here for, right? And then people started being like, "Oh, how do I talk to Dr. K?" And the short answer is, you kind of don't. Like, I hate to say that, right? I, I don't want that to be the answer. Which by the way, is why we started a coaching program. Because it's like, okay, so like, I learned that thing when I was 21 years old in three months in India. And I was like, "Damn, this is transformative. It has changed my life." To know I want to do something and I can't do it. And so then it's like, "Okay, can I teach people this stuff?" And the answer is like, well, obviously, because that's what I've been doing. And then the question is, can I teach people to teach people? And that's what we found is that actually, that works. That they're a core set of principles. That I'm not divine or special. It's like, I was equipped with knowledge. Like someone gave me a tutorial. And since I went through the tutorial, I learned the mechanics of life. And now we taught other people to teach you. And so what are a couple of them? We used a lot of science, right? Like, then I became a psychiatrist. And then I sort of figured out, okay, like, what is the central thing that's missing? And what I realize is everyone is focusing on productivity. "How do I procrastinate less?" Everyone's looking for solutions instead, but they're directionless. Like, the reason you're looking for a solution is because to arbitrarily make something better. But there's no drive behind it, right? And this is the crux of the problem. Is we can give you solutions. A lot of people like, "What are five tips to stop procrastinating?" I can tell you what those are. Can you do it?

So I remember watching this fantastic video once by a self-help person who's like, "If you're having trouble motivating yourself, take a hundred dollar bill and put it on your fridge. And just tell yourself that if I don't do this thing, I'm gonna, I'm gonna burn the hundred dollar bill." And you have to commit. Because here's the thing, according to human psychology, punishment is a powerful reinforcer of behavior. So you gotta punish yourself. You gotta commit. And it's like, if I could burn off, if I could commit, I, I wouldn't need to burn a hundred dollar bill in the first place. The whole point is that I can't do it. When I tell myself that I'm going to do it. That's the crux of the problem. I ain't gonna burn the hundred dollars, and neither is anyone else.

So then the question is like, okay, how do you, how do you help these people? How do you help them be better? So what do we emphasize in coaching? Some people think it's like budget therapy. It's really not budget therapy. It's not designed to be budget therapy. At 16 weeks, we see a 58% increase in a sense of purpose. So let me ask you all a simple question. What determines what you do? You got to have a good reason why. The "why" is what's missing. This whole life, we've lost track of the "why." Why is that? It's not even our fault. Because as our society is becoming more dopaminergic, what reinforces our behaviors is dopamine. Dopamine is not a "why." In the dopamine-less environment, we had to find meaning, right? Like we had reasons to do stuff. It's like it used to be like survival. It's like, "Why am I going out onto the farm?" Because if I don't go out on the farm, I'm not going to have food for the winter. Like, easy done. Human beings have been lazy since the dawn of time. And so now what do we do? We use things like procrastination. And this like, that's become our necessity. Last-minute panic is the only thing that motivates us, or dopamine. We've lost our "why." And then what happens? It manifests in all kinds of ways. Recently, we talked about a paper. We saw a paper that showed that meaninglessness is correlated with pornography addiction, existential depression. I don't know why I'm on this Earth. How do we overcome anxiety? You can't overcome anxiety unless you've got a reason to, a strong reason that motivates you and overcomes the negative hump of anxiety. If the reason isn't strong enough, you ain't gonna do it.

And so when we see reductions, right? So we'll see like, 45% reduction in anxiety at 20 weeks. Are we treating anxiety? Absolutely not. What we're doing is helping people find purpose. And as people find purpose, they start doing things. The anxiety becomes less controlling. And then like, life starts to get better. Because here's the thing that I think we really miss. People who treat mental illness, first of all, that we sort of know that mental health is more than mental illness. But the key thing is like, when someone has a good life, it's harder to feel anxious and depressed. And what happens is, once we start feeling anxious and depressed, it's hard to build a good life. And so the key is about building a good life. It's about figuring out your "why." Because then all the pieces start to fall into place. Is there still work to be done? Absolutely. It's not like I found myself and now everything is easy. But it's like the central thing. And what, what's kind of interesting is that when we think about, "How do I find my purpose in life?" That is not something that we have a system for. In the past, it's been religion. But like, that's breaking apart, right? The world is changing. We're becoming more independent. We can't download the answers from the previous generation anymore. And now we get to another problem, which is that the previous generation can't teach us how to do it. Because when they were growing up, they just downloaded it. Now the software is out of date. It doesn't interface with the external world the way that it used to. So they can't even teach us that stuff. Which is why we have a generation that's struggling. Because the lessons that our parents were automatically taught no longer apply today.

Gaming addiction. Why are parents struggling with it? Why are kids struggling with it? Like, why are so many kids addicted to video games? Because parents don't know how to stop gaming addiction. Why don't parents know how to stop gaming addiction? Because they never learned from their parents. Rates of alcohol addiction, roughly the same over the last hundred years. Rates of video game addiction, through the roof. So we need some source of guidance. When it comes to coaching, it's like, we heard, we got some feedback that we're not sure if this is for us. Totally fair, right? Because it's new. That's the whole point. Coaches didn't exist 100 years ago. There's a reason why coaching as a field is growing across the world. Peer support is growing across the world. It's because we got by without it before. We didn't need it in the way that we do now. So we got some feedback. We're not sure. So two things. First of all, I think we have an "Ask a Coach" event. Maybe that's starting now. I've been ranting for a while. So there's an "Ask a Coach" event on loneliness and isolation that's starting on Discord eight minutes ago. So people can ask questions about how coaching can help with the situation. So the other thing is, we've got people were like, "I don't know if this is going to work for me." So first session's on us, starting today. What we tend to see is that results take about 12 weeks. Our best outcomes are 12 weeks. But first session's on us. You want to know what it's about? Give it a shot. Go ask a coach. Whatever. This is what we're doing. This is what we're here for. This is why I'm here to try to help you all. And unfortunately, I hate to break this deal, but one of the discoveries that I made is streaming is insufficient. Making videos is insufficient. The challenges that the digital generation faces today need a personal touch. It turns out that I can give as much of the high-quality generic advice as I can. And we try to sort of personalize things. But at the end of the day, there is no substitute for having another human being who understands these methodologies, who can like hear your situation, understand your specific thing, and like apply the principles to your life. There's something that is lost in translation. And this is the problem. We understand this in medicine very well, right? When someone is sick, we don't say, "Here's a medical textbook. All of the information you need is in there. You can read the medical textbook and just apply what works." That doesn't, that's not how we do things in medicine. You have an expert who has read the textbook five times, and then they apply the learnings of the textbook to your individual situation. And so you spend 15 minutes with a doctor once a month for four months, and your condition is fine. You're basically back to normal, right? So many situations, your cholesterol is back to normal, your rheumatoid arthritis is under control, your psoriasis is under control, your depression is in remission. All it takes when you have an expert helping you. The problem is that that model of, "Here's an expert to help guide you and apply to your specific journey," is missing in the self-help industry. And even if you think about it, it's in the name, "self-help." There's medical stuff and there's self-help. What about help for stuff that is not medical? Where does that live? And what happens if you take a self-help problem, because that's not a medical condition, right? Like it's self-help stuff. "How do I find purpose in life?" And you give someone the opportunity to be facilitated by someone who like knows what they're doing. What you see is literally 58% improvement in sense of purpose in life. That's like literally what we see. Reproducible. Scale is large, right? Hundreds, if not thousands. This is our sample size. I don't know the specifics for that particular thing. But so if you all are interested, sign up. First session's on us. For those of you that are curious, head over to our Discord. Ask a coach. Ask them. See how our coaches think. See what they have to say. See if it's for you. If it's not for you, no big deal. We're here to help. It's not what you're looking for, not a problem. Don't use it as a substitute for therapy because it's not. We've had people come in and do that, right? It's not masquerading as therapy. It's really about things like purpose, EQ, understanding yourself, understanding your goals, setting appropriate goals, right? Because we never get taught how to set goals. All we do, we see what other people are doing and we adopt those goals. We don't even think.

So this is what the problem is, right? So we're talking about gambling today. I walk over to someone playing, watch someone playing poker. And as they're playing poker, I see that they win. And I'm like, "Wow, that person made $500 on that hand. Let me go make $500." Turns out the cards they were dealt were pocket aces. Cards I was dealt was a five-six off-suit. I can't apply. I can't expect to win $100 in the same way that they did. I can't apply their learnings. And this is the core of the problem. Is that when we look to success, you'll have successful people who will say, "This is what worked for me." And it's like, "If you made a billion dollars and this is what worked for you, then I should do it too because that's the formula for success." Point is that they're playing a different game with a different set of rules in a different spot. Think about what they started with, right? Like, I'm super curious about some of these really basic things. Like, I, I think Bill Gates is doing a fantastic job. Seems to be like an example of, you know, maybe this is going to upset people, but I think he's doing good in the world. I don't mind that he's got a billion dollars doing really good against polio. Which as a medical professional, I can really appreciate. What I'm really curious about is when Bill Gates dropped out of college at the age of 18 to start Microsoft, how did he afford his meals? Where did he eat? Who fed him? Because I don't think Microsoft was making money when he dropped out. So I think what we miss is that the formula for success is not reproduced from people who are successful. The formula for success must be individualized. Must be individualized. And you can watch as many videos as you want to on the internet. You can watch me stream as much as you want to. Is it going to help? It's going to help some. Hopefully, we'll do a study on that soon. But there's no substitute for like personalized attention. So some stuff can be protocolized. Even in medicine, but sometimes you need a live human being. And I think in the field of medicine, things can be protocolized or AI-driven a lot more than they can in something like the field of coaching. Which eventually, we'll see, I'm sure. But even finding purpose is something that will be like a reducible process, reducible and reproducible. And for some of y'all, it's enough.

So I see Crumpled Abs is saying, "I've been watching Doc for a long time. I'm now six foot five, 190, and jacked. Which of those did I help with? Crumpled Abs being six foot five, 190, or jacked?" The only one I want credit for is you're right.

[Music]

Right, so that's.

[Music]

Just thinking about, you know, what I would love to measure is an outcome of our coaching program. Change in height. And you may say, "Dr. K, how on earth could coaching help change in height?" I, I wonder. I think it'd be so cool to measure like, as someone's confidence grows, as they spend less time in a chair, if there's actually a change in their posture. I'd love to see that. Seriously.

Uh, Benis Zume is saying, "Or coaching sessions reimbursable by insurance?" No, they're not. So they're not medical care. So it's not going to be paid for by health insurance. That's part of the reason that we've got the first session on us going on right now because we recognize that, you know, there is an accessibility issue. So we're trying to do what we can there.

[Music]

Yeah, so Cartoon One is saying, "Three to six inch height increasing operation costs $71.50 to K in the US today." I've heard more and more about this, but I've heard, I've heard that it's incredibly bad. Like people have lifelong pain and it's like, can be debilitating. So, "Dr. K, helped me grow four whole inches." Snowball's chance. The question is, where did you see that growth? Because Dr. K helping people grow four inches has been happening since the beginning.

[Music]

All right, so you remember earlier, like maybe about an hour ago, when it was like, when people start streaming for a very long time, they start saying stupid things and then eventually they'll get canceled if they keep talking. I think we're coming up on that line. In fact, it could be a little bit behind us. Maybe we should turn around.

[Music]

Um, right, so seriously, they'll give us feedback if that was really out of line. If y'all, you know, we don't say that kind of stuff often, but sometimes we vibe with chat. And remember that there's a degenerate gamer on the inside of me too.

[Music]

Okay, but in all seriousness, if y'all are curious because that coaching event is going on, I shouldn't be making penis and good jokes on stream when there's people actually trying to help y'all. So that's, uh, yeah.

[Music]

Um, okay. Uh, okay. So we're gonna go ahead. Hurry rating. Hmm. Who are we gonna raid? Pokey Poutine. We can raid Pokey. That's fine. No, we gotta run. So we're gonna, if y'all are interested in "Ask a Coach," we're gonna raid Pokey. So your choice, chat. If y'all are interested more in sort of like exploring loneliness and seeing what coaching could potentially, like, how coaches approach that problem, hop onto the Discord. There's an "Ask a Coach" event. Otherwise, we will raid Pokey. Take care, everybody. We'll see you all on Friday.

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Dr. K Talks Online Gambling + Addiction! (21 SEPT 2022)

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