Transcription
[Music] hey kids in today's video we'll be learning about soil are you ready let's [Music] begin
soil is the top layer of the Earth's surface where plants grow it's made up of tiny pieces of rocks nutrients and organic matter like Dead Leaves and insects soil also contains water and [Music] air
let's go over the different types of soil
sand it is made of larger particles and doesn't hold water well
silt it is made of medium-sized particles and it holds water better than sand
clay it is made of very small particles and it holds water very well
[Music] loam it is a mix of sand silt and clay and is great for growing plants
so how is soil formed soil formation is a bit like making a really slow natural recipe over many years here's how it works
weathering of rocks it starts with rocks breaking down into smaller pieces this can happen because of wind rain freezing and thawing and even plant roots that grow into cracks in rocks
addition of organic material as plants leaves and animals die they decompose and mix with a tiny Rock pieces this adds nutrients and makes the soil richer
mixing small animals like earthworms insects and microorganisms move through the soil mixing the organic material with the rock pieces this helps spread nutrients and makes the soil more uniform
water movement water moves through the soil carrying nutrients with it this helps plants grow and can also move tiny particles from one soil layer to another
let's go over the soil horizons soil horizons are like layers in a cake each one with different characteristics
o Horizon humus layer this is the top layer full of organic material like leaves plants and decomposed matter it's dark and rich in nutrients providing food for plants and soil organisms
a horizon top soil this is the layer just below the organic [Music] layer it's also dark because it contains a lot of organic matter mixed with minerals this layer is where most plant roots grow and where many soil organisms live
e Horizon eluviation layer this layer is lighter in color because the water washed away many of the minerals and nutrients
b Horizon subsoil this layer beneath the top soil accumulates minerals and nutrients drained from above
c Horizon parent material this layer consists of partially broken down Rock and Minerals this layer contains little organic material
r Horizon bedro ck this is the bottom layer made of solid [Music] rock
soil is important because it provides nutrients and support for plants holds water and houses many small animals and [Music] microorganisms
and that is all for today's video I hope you enjoyed learning about soil today take care now bye-bye
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