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Greetings to all. I wish for all the esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw, the representatives of the Union Hluttaw, the members of the Union Government, the members of Union-level organizations, and all the mothers, fathers, and citizens of Myanmar to be healthy and happy in body and mind. I offer my sincere congratulations and best wishes.
It has been 100 days since the new government, which I lead, began to assume national responsibilities. The period of 100 days is a very important foundation-laying period for our government and the nation. This period of 100 days has been a time when we have been able to lay down very important foundational principles for our government and the nation. In accordance with the will of the people, and with due consideration for the trust and reliance the people place in our government, which emerged from the multi-party democracy general elections held according to the people's wishes, we have strived with all our might to implement our priority tasks during these 100 days. Therefore, from the time our government took office until today, the 100th day, we will present the works undertaken and the changes made to the esteemed mothers, fathers, and citizens through the Union Hluttaw.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, our nation has gone through a period where a state of emergency had to be declared due to the election fraud that occurred in the 2020 multi-party democracy general elections and the subsequent events. During that period, due to incitement from both within and outside the country, acts of terrorism and armed conflicts emerged, significantly impacting the nation's stability and development, as everyone is aware. However, through the efforts of the Tatmadaw and the implementation of the Constitution at various levels, we were able to successfully hold the multi-party democracy general elections, which were free and fair, in accordance with the will of the people. The fact that 54% of eligible voters cast their ballots demonstrates the people's genuine desire for democracy and their wish to return to the democratic path.
When I took the oath of office as President, I stated in response to media questions that I would prioritize achieving national stability and development. Since our government took office, we have been working with urgency to achieve these two priority objectives: national stability and development. In particular, peace is absolutely essential for building a union based on democracy and federalism, and for achieving national stability and peace. Only with stability and peace can we effectively promote the socio-economic development of the people and the national economy. Regarding peace, we have been working with great momentum during these 100 days to encourage those who have resorted to armed struggle due to political disagreements to return to the legal fold and to engage in dialogue and negotiation. We have also opened the door to peace permanently and invited them to join us. In accordance with Article 25 of the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA), we have submitted to the Union Hluttaw the Union Agreement Parts 1 and 3, which were agreed upon and signed at the Union Peace Conference, for discussion and approval in accordance with all 20 articles of the NCA.
We have also submitted to the Union Hluttaw amendments to the 2008 Constitution, which are the aspirations of all ethnic people, to establish a union based on democracy and federalism, comprising 43 amendment points. Therefore, we urge that political disagreements and issues be resolved through political means and peaceful dialogue, rather than through armed struggle.
Our government, with the conviction that the door to peace is always open, is always inviting all ethnic armed organizations to meet and discuss. We have further invited all organizations that have not yet signed the NCA, or have not yet signed it, to meet and discuss without any prior conditions. As a result, we have been able to meet and discuss with 13 ethnic armed organizations. Our country has been a nation where all ethnic groups have lived together in unity since before losing independence. After losing independence, ethnic unity was fragmented due to various divisive actions, and even after regaining independence, ethnic unity has been strained due to various divisive actions. Today, it is necessary for all ethnic groups to come together in unity and build a new nation together. This unity will be an invaluable historical legacy for our future generations. The National Peace and Reconciliation Negotiation Committee (NPRNC) continues to conduct discussions and negotiations with armed organizations. Therefore, in building peace for the stability of the entire nation, it is necessary to negotiate and request only what is feasible and in line with the federal system, rather than demanding the impossible.
The responsibility for eternal unity and cooperation does not lie solely with the government, but also with the Tatmadaw, the Hluttaw, political parties, and all ethnic people. Therefore, we would like to emphasize the need for the people and the representatives of the Union Hluttaw to cooperate and assist in achieving lasting peace for the nation.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, regarding national defense, we will build a modern Tatmadaw capable of combat and with combat strength. To achieve this combat capability, our government will formulate policies and continue to provide the necessary resources. In accordance with Article 340 of the Constitution, the Tatmadaw will lead the people in national defense and security, and a people's militia will be formed. The People's Militia Law, which was enacted and came into effect on February 4th, will continue to be implemented to ensure national defense and security capabilities. To become a Tatmadaw with combat capability, the Tatmadaw must constantly strive and train in accordance with the process of study, training, and adherence.
While the Myanmar Police Force is responsible for internal security, due to the current situation in our country, the Tatmadaw is also involved in resolving issues in cooperation with the police force. The police force has two types: territorial police and administrative police. To enhance the performance of the police force in maintaining internal peace and rule of law, systematic training will be provided. We will strive to ensure that they become capable and dedicated police officers. We are also building quality police housing to ensure their comfortable living and readiness. Administrative bodies at the ward, village, and township levels, which are in direct contact with the people, will be systematically trained to become capable administrative bodies that understand and are committed to the national policies, laws, and administrative principles.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, in protecting Myanmar's national interests, we will adhere to the policy of being independent, active, and neutral as enshrined in the Constitution and build balanced relations with the international community. We will continue to cooperate with major powers, regional countries, and other countries in various political, economic, and social sectors, and we will strengthen international relations in accordance with the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.
Here, I would like to clarify the situation regarding ASEAN. The ASEAN statement was not a common agreement of ASEAN, but a follow-up to the ASEAN Chair's statement. Regarding this statement, our government has stated that such statements will be considered if they are beneficial to the country and support the implementation of the government's five-point policy, and if they are based on the ASEAN Charter and ASEAN principles. Although ASEAN has discriminated against Myanmar in its stance over the past five years, we have patiently cooperated in accordance with ASEAN's responsibilities. The government will respond appropriately to discriminatory actions that are not in line with our principles. Based on our foreign policy and the current situation, we will work to develop relations with ASEAN through Myanmar's own approach, prioritizing national interests and sovereignty.
From June 3rd to June 10th, I visited India at the invitation of Indian Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi. This was my first foreign trip since becoming President. During the trip, I was able to meet and discuss with the Indian Prime Minister, the Indian President, and the Indian National Security Advisor. During this trip, we discussed and agreed on matters such as the finalization of the India-Myanmar-Thailand Trilateral Highway project, increasing scholarships for Myanmar students, and further facilitating and promoting bilateral trade, including the currency exchange system. This trip demonstrated that we have received recognition from the world's largest democracy, and we have also received commitments regarding economic and trade cooperation, investment promotion, border security, and non-interference in each other's internal affairs.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, at the invitation of Chinese President Xi Jinping, my delegation and I paid a state visit to the People's Republic of China from June 15th to 19th. This trip was undertaken with the objectives of enhancing Myanmar-China cooperation, achieving lasting peace in Myanmar, increasing Chinese investment in Myanmar, and promoting bilateral trade. During the trip, I met with the President of the People's Republic of China, the Premier of China, and the Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress. We primarily discussed strengthening the Myanmar-China comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership, enhancing economic and investment cooperation, ensuring regional stability and peace, and accelerating the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and the China-Myanmar Economic Corridor (CMC) projects. We also reaffirmed our support for the "One China" policy, and China expressed its full support for our new government. We discussed various sectors, including the exchange of technology and knowledge, including space and AI technology, and the implementation of global initiatives led by China, such as GSI, GDI, GCI, and GGI. We also signed 18 Memoranda of Understanding (MOUs) between the two governments. This trip can be considered a success in our international relations, and we also agreed to promote a community of shared future and shared prosperity.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, at the invitation of President Thongloun Sisoulith of the Lao People's Democratic Republic, I paid a goodwill visit to the Lao People's Democratic Republic from June 10th to 15th. This was the first state-level goodwill visit to an ASEAN country. During this trip, I met and discussed with the President of the Lao People's Democratic Republic, the Chairman of the National Assembly, the Prime Minister, and the Secretary General of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, and we discussed strengthening bilateral relations and cooperation. Laos has been a reliable friend with whom Myanmar has had diplomatic relations for over 70 years. Although we share a border, we have had no problems. We will work to elevate the Laos-Myanmar relationship to the level of a comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, it is a crucial time to promote agriculture, livestock, and industrial sectors in a balanced manner to improve the socio-economic lives of our citizens. Over 30% of our country's population lives in urban areas, and about 70% live in rural areas. Furthermore, 45% of the population over 15 years of age is engaged in agriculture, livestock, forestry, and fisheries. By promoting the economy of these regions, their income will increase, and their socio-economic lives will improve. Therefore, we are also prioritizing the agricultural sector.
Currently, our country has over 3 million acres of various agricultural land, including paddy fields, cornfields, and other crops. Of these, paddy fields account for 1.7 million acres, cornfields for 1.2 million acres, and peanut fields for 0.39 million acres. This amount of cultivation is sufficient for our country. Therefore, there is no need to increase cultivation land, but rather to focus on increasing yield and improving cultivation methods. Our country possesses favorable water, land, forest, and mountain resources for agriculture. By building an agro-based industrial system, we can increase the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP). In the agricultural sector, the government is making every effort to transition from traditional farming to modern mechanized agriculture.
Our government is working to ensure that paddy, which is a crucial crop, is cultivated in all arable lands to achieve maximum yield, to meet domestic food needs, and to resume rice exports. We are working to achieve the goal of exporting 3 million tons of rice annually. As a first step, we are implementing plans to cultivate and produce high-quality rice varieties that meet the needs of the export market, and to increase the cultivation of hybrid rice by 3 million acres. In the second phase, we aim to export up to 5 million tons annually. Currently, over 3 million acres are cultivated with hybrid rice, and the Myanmar Hybrid Rice Forum will be held annually. To promote agriculture, we will provide the necessary basic requirements such as seeds, land, and water, and transition from traditional cultivation to systematic and mechanized agriculture to meet the needs of the people. This will ensure food security for the country. We aim to become one of the leading countries in the region and the world in rice production and to become a major rice-producing country.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, regarding edible oil sufficiency, we have identified 12 key oil crops such as groundnuts and sesame, and are working to increase their yield and production. Our country has the potential to systematically cultivate and produce various oil crops in different climatic regions. We possess favorable soil, water, and climatic conditions for cultivating oil crops such as groundnuts, sesame, sunflowers, and palm oil. Among these, groundnuts and sesame have the highest yield. Sesame can compete with groundnuts and sunflowers in terms of oil yield. Similarly, palm oil has good oil yield and can be used primarily as animal feed. Since these are seasonal crops, there are opportunities to increase their cultivation and production. Although the target yield for groundnuts is 20 tons per acre, the actual yield is only 5 tons per acre, which is only 25% of the target. If the target yield is met, production costs will decrease. Consumers should support and purchase domestically produced groundnut oil, sesame oil, and palm oil instead of imported palm oil. According to health guidelines, the recommended annual consumption of oil per person is between 5 to 6 pyi. Our citizens consume over 10 pyi of oil annually, which is significantly more than the recommended amount. Based on a population of over 51 million, with about 3 million children under five years old and considering areas with low consumption, even if we consider about 45 million people, the annual edible oil requirement for the country is only about 500,000 tons, assuming a consumption of 8 pyi per person per year. If we calculate based on healthy oil consumption, only about 3 million tons would be needed. We have the potential to cultivate over 7 million acres of oil crops. If we consider the current consumption and the potential for crushing and extracting oil from these crops, it is estimated that about 8.5 million tons of edible oil can be produced. This indicates that our country has sufficient production to meet domestic needs. Currently, surplus oil crops, especially groundnuts and sesame, are exported, generating foreign exchange. However, due to the need to import palm oil, we spent US$564 million on palm oil imports. Since the foreign exchange earned from exporting our oil crops is low, we are working to ensure that our raw materials are processed domestically. This will not only ensure domestic edible oil sufficiency but also allow us to export value-added products. This is the direction of agro-based industry.
Our government is planning to expand the cultivation of industrial crops such as cotton. We are planning to increase cotton production in the country. We are also implementing a project to increase cotton production. Currently, about 300,000 acres of cotton are cultivated. Depending on the farmers' capacity, we aim to increase cotton cultivation to 600,000 acres. With the current cotton yield and mechanized harvesting, there is significant demand for cotton fiber. We can export well to foreign markets. Currently, the cotton yield is only 49 pyi per acre, and if we can achieve a yield of 700 pyi per acre, we can earn significantly more foreign exchange. The main requirements are to improve cotton quality, increase yield, and ensure successful cultivation. We are also focusing on ensuring accurate data on cotton production and yield. We are also working to ensure that the produced cotton bolls can be processed in domestic cotton spinning mills and to coordinate with these mills. We are also providing technical assistance to produce high-quality cotton bolls and yarn, and providing loans to purchase modern cotton spinning and weaving machinery. We are also providing technical and resource support to ensure skilled labor in the industry. By successfully operating domestic cotton spinning and weaving mills, we can reduce the import of yarn and fabric, and thus substitute imports. We can also export value-added products, thereby earning foreign exchange. This is the path towards agro-based industry.
To ensure sufficient irrigation for agricultural activities, we have started implementing dam and reservoir projects. If these projects are successfully implemented in many regions, the public will be able to benefit from them early. Therefore, we urge the state and regional governments to implement these projects in accordance with their respective capacities.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, I would like to present the livestock sector, which is also important for national development. Since 70% of our country's population lives in rural areas, it is necessary to transition from subsistence farming and livestock to systematic commercial farming and livestock. We are prioritizing providing sufficient animal feed and medicines, and distributing breeding stock such as chickens, pigs, cattle, and fish for systematic breeding. We also urge adherence to biosecurity systems to prevent animal diseases, which are a major challenge in the livestock sector. In particular, health guidelines must be strictly followed to prevent diseases such as avian influenza. Furthermore, in the aquaculture sector, by adopting sustainable aquaculture systems in accordance with the guidelines of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), we can penetrate the market. We have observed that chicken and pork production is insufficient in most states and regions. Similarly, the production of basic food items like eggs is insufficient in rural Myanmar. Based on a population of over 51 million, even if we consider only about 45 million people, excluding children under five and areas with low consumption, the domestic demand for eggs is significantly unmet. The gap between demand and production has led to high prices. The production of beef, mutton, fish, and shrimp is also insufficient when compared to consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to increase production in the livestock sector. The main raw materials for animal feed, such as corn and rice bran, are produced domestically. Therefore, by reducing the import of animal feed and increasing domestic production, we can further develop the livestock sector. Myanmar's fisheries and livestock sector is a major sector that connects natural resources, biodiversity, and economic development. However, Myanmar's actual livestock production is significantly lower than in the region. According to statistics, aquaculture accounts for only 30% of fish production, while fishing accounts for 70%. We must also be aware that natural fish and shrimp resources and local fish species are declining due to illegal fishing, damage to water and the environment, and climate change. States and regions must also systematically and successfully implement livestock activities to ensure sufficient food supply for their respective regions. By ensuring regional food sufficiency and distributing it to other regions, we can also achieve national food sufficiency. As a result, the prices of meat and fish will naturally decrease.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, in line with the momentum of national economic development, our government is prioritizing upgrading roads and bridges throughout the Union, accelerating infrastructure development, and promoting technological advancements. To facilitate faster and more convenient travel for the public and to accelerate the movement of goods, we are promoting transportation services such as roads, railways, waterways, and airways in a balanced manner. We are also working to build more rural roads and bridges that are accessible year-round for rural residents. Furthermore, we are prioritizing the reconstruction of roads and basic infrastructure damaged by natural disasters and conflicts. Currently, Asia and Southeast Asian countries are facing challenges such as rising commodity prices and inflation due to global geopolitical and economic changes, as well as supply chain disruptions. In 2024, crude oil prices were around US$84 per barrel, and in 2025, they were around US$72 per barrel. Following the Middle East conflict in 2026, crude oil prices rose to US$126 per barrel, leading to increased production and raw material costs for all businesses dependent on oil. As our country imports oil worth billions of US dollars annually, it is necessary to overcome this challenge and reduce fuel consumption. By implementing measures such as mandatory vehicle inspections and promoting work-from-home, we have been able to reduce fuel consumption by 30%. This reduction has saved approximately US$7 million per day and US$2010 million per month, totaling over US$1 billion to date. We urge the public to conserve and cooperate. Therefore, our government is also accelerating efforts to reduce dependence on oil.
During the government's 100-day plan, we have been upgrading the Yangon-Mandalay, Yangon-Mawlamyine, and Yangon-Pyay railway lines to improve travel for the public. We are operating a total of 16 passenger trains daily. In the transportation sector, to conserve fuel consumption, we are replacing diesel engines with electric trains and have begun operating them on some routes. Given the current condition of our railway tracks, which can only support speeds of 78 kilometers per hour, it is necessary to replace the tracks and ensure sufficient electricity supply and technical expertise to operate advanced electric trains. Our government will continue to work towards this. Operating battery-powered trains is the most effective way to conserve fuel consumption. Furthermore, since diesel engines cause less environmental damage, we are encouraging the use of electric trains. We are also promoting the use of electric vehicles (EVs) in the automotive sector. Similarly, we will work to repair waterways to effectively utilize the Ayeyarwady and Chindwin rivers for water transportation. In air transportation, a total of 32 flights are operating daily to various destinations. We have successfully implemented projects within the 100-day period to upgrade airport runways and expand airport facilities at airports such as Heho Airport in Kalaw, Shan State, and airports in Thayetmyo, Bokpyin, Dawei, Pathein, and Nyaung-U, enabling jet aircraft to operate. We will continue to upgrade other airports as well. The national government will continue to strive to improve basic infrastructure in the road, rail, air, and maritime transportation sectors, ensuring safety, convenience, punctuality, and peace of mind for the public. We are also working on coordinating train departure and arrival times.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, the development of the nation and the socio-economic advancement of the people are very important. To meet the electricity demand, we have implemented projects using natural gas and LNG. Our nation's electricity generation primarily relies on hydropower and natural gas. However, due to climate change, hydropower generation faces fluctuations, and global energy price volatility poses a long-term concern for our energy security. Therefore, our government, based on domestic electricity and energy resources, has considered solar energy as a suitable option for electricity generation. Due to Myanmar's geographical location, we receive abundant sunshine throughout the year, making us one of the countries with the greatest potential for solar energy generation in Southeast Asia. We can generate up to 73 hours of solar energy annually. In particular, central Myanmar, including Magway, Mandalay, and Sagaing regions, are areas with the highest potential for solar energy generation. Therefore, we are supporting the construction and use of renewable energy systems that cause minimal environmental impact. Hydropower plants are important for continuous electricity generation in the long term, and we will continue to pursue them. We are also conducting studies for the construction of hydropower plants on the Ayeyarwady River. If these projects, including the planned dams, are successfully implemented, we will be able to fully meet the nation's electricity demand. We will strive to implement them. Coal-fired and nuclear power plants are also options to consider for meeting the nation's electricity needs. Our country aims to achieve 100% electricity access by 2030. To support this, we will construct advanced power plants with minimal environmental impact, generating 660 megawatts of electricity within five years. We will also continue to work on constructing hydropower plants.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, human resources are the most crucial driving force for a nation's development, and education is the fundamental cornerstone for the development of resources. Examining the state of education in our country, the literacy rate of the population aged 15 and above was 92.10% in 2014, with a numeracy rate of 92.30%. Myanmar has historically been a country with a high literacy rate. With monasteries in every village and education provided to both boys and girls, European visitors in the 18th and 19th centuries were amazed by the literacy of the Myanmar people. After Myanmar came under British colonial rule in 1885, our historic monastic education system declined. Upon regaining independence in 1948, 35% of Myanmar's population was illiterate. The revolutionary government enacted the Public Education Law in 1948 and began efforts to eradicate illiteracy with a four-year plan. However, due to internal conflicts and political instability, its effectiveness was limited. Therefore, even before the start of the literacy campaign, the number of illiterate elderly people and rural residents in Myanmar remained high. These campaigns led to an increase in the literacy rate of the public, reaching 71% in the 1973 census, 78.3% in the 1983 census, and 89.5% in the 2014 census, indicating a steady increase in literacy. Myanmar has been honored with UNESCO awards, including the Maha Sarpala Prize in 1971 and the Noma Prize in 1983.
Here, I would like to point out that although the literacy rate is high, the proportion of people who have completed schooling is low, and the level of education is still low. According to census data, three out of every five young people aged 15 are currently attending school, and only one out of every six continues their education at the age of 22, indicating a high dropout rate at the upper secondary and high school levels. The highest level of education completed by the population aged 25 and above is primary education for 49%, middle school for 23.8%, high school for 14%, and university for only 2.8%. Looking at previous census data, the proportion of those who completed primary education was 90% in 1973, 84% in 1983, and 61% in 2014, suggesting that the majority of Myanmar's population has completed primary education. Those who were 25 years old in 1973 will be 40 years old in 2014 and 63 years old in 2021. Those who were 25 years old in 1983 will be 32 years old in 2014 and 63 years old in 2021. Those who were 25 years old in 2014 will be 32 years old in 2021. It has been observed that due to low educational attainment and limited critical thinking, they have resorted to violence. This is a concerning trend. Therefore, our government has changed the education system to KG+12 to improve the nation's education sector and has increased investment in the education sector. In the 2026 fiscal year, 6.9% of the national budget will be allocated to the Ministry of Education, and 9.2% of the national budget will be allocated to education sectors across all ministries. In the upcoming 2027-28 fiscal year, the Ministry of Education's budget will be further increased, and in the 2028-29 fiscal year, 15% of the national budget will be allocated to education. According to current data from the Ministry of Education, in the 2026 academic year, over 9 million students are studying at the primary level, over 2 million at the middle school level, and over 5 million at the high school level. Compared to the 710,000 students enrolled in basic education in 2020, there has been an increase of about 400,000 students this year. However, compared to the enrollment rate of 90% in the 2016-2019 academic years, there has been a decline. Therefore, we will continue to strive to ensure that all children attend school. We value the educational opportunities available to our citizens and, prioritizing the public interest, have implemented special programs to encourage children who have dropped out of school to return. In this regard, out of 110,4629 applicants for Grade 1 to Grade 5, 957 took the exam, and 43500 were admitted. Out of 58,000 applicants for Grade 6 to 9, 45,327 were admitted, and 7865 passed. For educationally disadvantaged areas, special programs have been implemented to enable education up to KG+12, and 92 vocational agriculture and livestock high schools have been opened. Starting this year, we are teaching with textbooks from Grade 6 onwards, and by the end of October, we will distribute textbooks for KG to Grade 7 and continue teaching. In this teaching process, we will train qualified instructors and provide them with the necessary skills and knowledge to effectively apply them in practice. We will also work to upgrade suitable agricultural and livestock schools to university and college levels and to open more technical institutes. Among the 15 agricultural and livestock schools, those in Hpa-An, Hlegu, Thayarwady, and Hpa-An, which have suitable campus areas and infrastructure, will be upgraded to agricultural and livestock colleges, and efforts are underway to recruit the necessary teachers and staff.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, in the education sector, there are 50,900 basic education schools, and 35,537 have been opened. Under the Ministry of Higher Education, 50 universities and 48 colleges have been opened. In basic education, there are 310,528 teachers, and 1,679 staff are serving in higher education. We are working to upgrade 25 colleges and 5 institutes to teacher training universities. Graduates from these colleges who excel will be given the opportunity to pursue master's degrees and will be appointed as high school teachers. Those who have completed primary teacher training will be appointed as assistant primary teachers, assistant middle school teachers, and similar positions based on their qualifications, and will be promoted to higher positions with corresponding salaries based on their qualifications. This is also being arranged for children's education, which is crucial at the primary level. Graduates from colleges will be appointed as middle school teachers, and those who meet the required qualifications will be promoted to senior middle school teachers with corresponding salaries. The 8,000 teachers who have been delayed in appointment for various reasons have now been appointed. Teachers who are currently serving as primary teachers will be recruited to universities and will be appointed after completing diplomas in various education programs. In educational reforms, we will strive to nurture children not only to pass exams but to truly understand and excel, and to change the grading system from a purely marks-based system. To create smart schools and Food War School programs in basic education, our government has been working with the Ministry of Sports and the Myanmar Football Federation during the 100-day period. Furthermore, we are building indoor stadiums, sports grounds, and elevated football fields in universities in states and regions. In higher education, centers for research excellence are being established at Yangon University, Mandalay University, and the Nay Pyi Taw State Academy, and research activities are being carried out. Furthermore, to nurture outstanding individuals in various subjects, scholarships will be awarded for mathematics, physics, and chemistry at Yangon University, Mandalay University, and the Nay Pyi Taw State Academy, and business and law scholarships will be awarded for business and law subjects. Our government has established the Myanmar Space Agency with operational responsibilities to compete with other countries in the space technology sector. We have also organized space-related competitions and implemented educational programs, from satellite development to ground control station construction. We are also striving to apply satellite data and AI technology in practical fields such as agriculture, natural disaster management, land use management, and other socio-economic sectors. In terms of international cooperation, we have signed government-to-government agreements with Russia and are cooperating with international space organizations, including China, India, and Vietnam, in various fields of space technology. We are currently preparing to launch a Myanmar-owned satellite into orbit in cooperation with China. We will also launch nanosatellites and microsatellites in cooperation with international organizations. To enable Myanmar astronauts to participate in space, we are selecting and training aspiring astronauts in Russia. The future of a Myanmar astronaut serving at the International Space Station will be a historic milestone not only for our nation but also for the world. Although space technology is a field that requires significant time and investment, we will inevitably invest in it for the long-term future of the nation. Therefore, we will strive to realize Myanmar's space dream by promoting domestic technological capabilities and human resources and collaborating with international partners.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, in building a modern democracy, it is essential for all citizens to have a high level of education and to be healthy and strong. Our government, with the belief that human life is paramount, is working with urgency to provide healthcare services that directly benefit the people. Our government's primary objective is to ensure that all citizens, both in urban and rural areas, have access to healthcare services. We are aware that the life expectancy in our country is comparable to that of India. The life expectancy in Myanmar was between 62 and 66 years during the first phase of the 30-year Myanmar Health Plan. According to the 2014 census, it has increased to 68 years. By 2030, we aim to increase the life expectancy in Myanmar to between 75 and 82 years. Our government will work with good intentions to achieve the goals of extending the lifespan of citizens and eradicating diseases.
To improve the overall healthcare system, skilled healthcare professionals are essential. Therefore, our government has upgraded 15 nursing and midwifery training schools to nursing institutes and opened them. We have also prioritized increasing the capacity of 12 existing nursing and midwifery training schools. In recognition of the dedication and service of nurses, their salaries and allowances have been increased since the 2016-2017 fiscal year. Furthermore, we are planning to recruit approximately 100 new doctors and 2,000 new nurses by the end of 2026. Our government will also plan to increase the number of human resources in the healthcare sector to meet the needs.
During the 100-day plan of the new government, we have undertaken various health initiatives. We have appointed health officials in 50 townships and established second-level health departments. Furthermore, in cooperation with China, we will provide medical examinations and treatment for up to 100,000 patients annually in Nay Pyi Taw, Yangon, and Mandalay. We are prioritizing the reconstruction of hospitals and clinics damaged by natural disasters and conflicts. We are also prioritizing school health programs. In the healthcare sector, we are upgrading 200-bed hospitals in states and regions to 300-bed hospitals and providing medical equipment. We are also upgrading public hospitals as basic healthcare facilities and building staff housing to ensure that healthcare workers are available 24 hours a day. The government's health expenditure is currently 1.50% of the total government expenditure, and it is projected to increase to 2.2% in 2025-26 and 2.5% in 2028-29.
The number of Myanmar citizens traveling abroad for medical treatment is increasing annually, incurring significant foreign exchange expenditure. Many talented Myanmar medical professionals are working abroad. Therefore, we urge business entrepreneurs to invest in building advanced hospitals domestically and to encourage Myanmar medical professionals working abroad to return and provide medical treatment.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, according to the 2014 census, our country has about 17 million young people, accounting for 32.69% of the total population, making it a country with a large youth population. This is a golden opportunity to leverage this demographic advantage for national development. Youth development is directly linked to national economic growth. The education, skills, and employment status of young people directly impact national productivity. Despite these opportunities, there are educational disadvantages among the youth, such as high dropout rates, insufficient access to higher education, and a lack of digital literacy. These disadvantages lead to challenges such as a lack of secure employment, a prevalence of informal sector employment, a mismatch between education and employment, a lack of innovation and creativity, and social challenges such as substance abuse, gambling, violence, and mental health issues. While young people are actively participating in nation-building activities and civic engagement, their lack of nationalistic spirit and limited participation in volunteer work are also challenges. Therefore, although there was no separate ministry for youth affairs in the past, a Ministry of Youth Affairs has been established to prioritize and implement youth-related programs, which are invaluable to the nation. I believe that young people are living assets and will strive to foster citizens and leaders who will benefit the nation and develop their potential in all five aspects. Our government, with the motto "Youthful, Strong Myanmar, Shared Future," will develop a national youth development policy framework and implement short-term, medium-term, and long-term plans.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, the international competition in the 21st century is no longer solely based on military, economic, and technological power, but also on human resources, quality of life, public health, innovation, national unity, and international influence. In this context, sports are no longer just about competition but also about developing human resources, fostering leadership and teamwork among youth, building national unity, and enhancing national prestige internationally. Therefore, to revive Myanmar's sports sector, the Ministry of Sports has been established separately. For the development of the sports sector, it is necessary to have the cooperation of athletes, coaches, sports facilities, equipment, and spectators. Therefore, we will systematically revitalize public sports activities at all levels, including schools, universities, wards, villages, and townships, and will accelerate the selection and training of talented youth from an early age. This will create opportunities for talented and promising individuals to develop. To develop athletes at the school and university levels, qualified coaches and medical staff are essential. Therefore, six-month training courses for sports coaches are being offered at the University of Education, and diplomas will be awarded. In addition, those with higher education will receive additional stipends. Furthermore, we are investing national funds to build standard football fields, indoor stadiums, sports grounds, and swimming pools in schools, universities, colleges, and townships. We will also continue to maintain and upgrade existing sports facilities and infrastructure. We urge the representatives of the Hluttaw, who are responsible for fulfilling the will of the people, to present and request the needs of the sports sector in their respective regions.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, according to the 2014 census, women constitute 51.4% of Myanmar's population. Our women are equally contributing to the nation's progress in politics, economy, society, education, and arts, as well as in national defense and administration. In the Hluttaw, the participation of women representatives has increased from 11% in the second session to 14% in the current third session. Similarly, in government organizations, the proportion of women in director-general and higher-level positions is 51.5%. Our government has established a separate Ministry of Women's Affairs to enhance the role of Myanmar women in various sectors. Furthermore, a national-level strategic plan for women's development, 2023-2030, has been drafted and is being implemented, and its progress will be monitored and evaluated.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, our government is working to improve the socio-economic lives of the people, but we are indeed facing numerous challenges and difficulties. We are aware that our government is experiencing economic impacts due to global geopolitical and economic changes, regional situations, inflation, and currency instability. In particular, MSME businesses are facing challenges such as rising production costs and difficulties in accessing capital. To address this, the government is providing technological dissemination and financial assistance to entrepreneurs. This is also a way to promote domestic products, reduce inflation, and create employment opportunities. Without a strong national economy, the nation cannot develop, and the socio-economic lives of the people will remain stagnant. The national economy is interconnected with politics, security, and social affairs. Compared to regional and ASEAN countries, our country's GDP is very low. The main reason is the weak domestic production. We have relied on raw material exports for a long time, rather than engaging in value-added processing. To generate profits, we must promote high-quality exports. Foreign investment is also essential for economic and technological innovation and development. Promoting small and medium-sized enterprises will increase foreign investment and contribute to regional investment. Our government is giving special attention to this. We aim to double the GDP during our term in office. We all need to work for the development of the country. To implement national economic development and accelerate progress, we have expanded the Ministry of Industry and the Ministry of Small and Medium Enterprises. We are working to promote the growth of the national economy and small, medium, and large enterprises. To facilitate the smooth functioning of the production sector and promote diversified development, we will strive to increase the availability of raw materials, capital, and human resources, which are the four main pillars. Although MSME businesses are the main drivers of job creation, they are facing challenges in competing in foreign markets due to low competitiveness. Therefore, we are working to promote cooperation between educational institutions and businesses to produce skilled labor. We will also review regulations and accelerate the implementation of fair regulations and business practices to increase domestic and foreign investment. Public-private partnerships (PPPs) will be promoted, and policy stability will encourage private sector confidence and investment. We will also review and provide training and consultations on investment laws, regulations, and related procedures for investors.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, strong economic infrastructure is essential for national sovereignty and socio-economic development. The global population is currently around 8 billion and is projected to reach 10 billion by 2050, according to the United Nations. If we consider a radius of 3,500 kilometers centered on Myanmar, about 4 billion people live within this region. Myanmar is located in the heart of this region and is a country with immense economic and trade potential. Our country shares borders with two major world powers, has a long coastline on the Indian Ocean, and possesses a favorable climate and fertile land. Therefore, our government has adopted a policy of prioritizing private sector development to strengthen the domestic economy. We are prioritizing the development of agriculture, livestock, and manufacturing industries, aiming to achieve domestic self-sufficiency and export value-added products. To boost the national economy, we must increase exports and also promote domestic production to replace imports that are essential for consumption, as they hinder economic development. The reasons for the high import costs are primarily rising global oil prices, low domestic production, inflation due to increased money supply, and increased demand. Travel for education, medical treatment, pilgrimage, and tourism also contributes to increased demand and inflation. The imbalance between low domestic production and high imports is also a factor. Those who have money are primarily engaged in real estate transactions, gold trading, and illegal foreign exchange trading, rather than in productive sectors. Therefore, we urge those with financial resources to invest more in agriculture, livestock, and fisheries instead of such activities. We will work to resolve the economic hardships, inflation, and unemployment faced by the people and implement a market economy system suitable for the nation. We will also accelerate the review and implementation of monetary, fiscal, trade, and investment policies to promote economic development.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, regarding human resources, which are the main drivers of the production sector, the labor force participation rate of the population aged 15 and above was only 40% according to the 2014 census. According to various analyses, 80% of those working are engaged in low-wage jobs such as factory work, regional economic work, service work, and family businesses, while less than 20% are employed in regular jobs such as government service and trade. Therefore, the main challenge for our youth is unemployment and the lack of secure and stable employment. It is observed that 7.7% of the population aged 15 to 34 are migrating abroad for work. While this migration can benefit families through remittances and provide young people with new skills and experiences, and strengthen regional labor mobility, the increasing outflow of educated and skilled youth can lead to a shortage of skilled labor and a decline in domestic production capacity, which will hinder long-term economic development. If this situation is not effectively managed, our country will face severe brain drain and brain waste, or a loss of human potential. This will have a significant impact on human resource development and long-term economic growth.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, developing trade routes is crucial for national economic development. Trade routes include land and water routes. Our country has a coastline of 2,013.8 kilometers on the Indian Ocean and is one of the countries with the longest coastlines in the region. It is also a land bridge connecting Southeast Asia, South Asia, and East Asia. Due to current global security situations, there may be restrictions on maritime routes. Myanmar is located on the route connecting the East and West of the world. Myanmar is situated between major Asian powers and is a country with immense potential as a regional trade hub. To boost the national economy, we must increase production and ensure that the produced goods can be transported to international markets quickly and affordably through efficient trade routes. Therefore, we are prioritizing the India-Myanmar-Thailand Trilateral Highway project. During our government's term, we are working to achieve peace and stability. The route starts from Moreh city in Manipur state, India, passes through Myanmar, and ends in Mae Sot city, Thailand, covering a total distance of 1,400 kilometers. This route will connect Southeast Asia and South Asia, fostering closer relations with neighboring countries and accelerating border trade. Furthermore, projects such as the China-Myanmar Economic Corridor, the Ngwe Saung-Mawlamyine project, and the Kyaukphyu-Sittwe project, which are part of the China-Myanmar Economic Corridor, have faced delays due to political instability and security challenges, but we will continue to work towards their successful implementation. Additionally, the Mandalay-Muse railway project, a key project of the China-Myanmar Economic Corridor, will open up economic opportunities in the northern part of our country. This project, connecting Mandalay, the second-largest city, to Muse, a border town with China, covers a distance of 41 kilometers. It is designed for border trade trains to travel at speeds of 160 kilometers per hour, with a maximum speed of 120 kilometers per hour. This project will significantly accelerate Myanmar-China trade and economic cooperation. For the success of these major projects, national stability and peace are the most essential prerequisites. Just as you cannot build a house without a foundation, development activities cannot be carried out without peace. Only with national stability and peace can development activities be carried out without hindrance.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, along with economic development, we cannot ignore the challenges of climate change and environmental issues faced by our country and the world. According to climate scientists' predictions, a strong El Niño event may occur by the end of this year, and 2026 and 2027 are predicted to be the hottest years globally. As a consequence of climate change, to prevent groundwater depletion, we are prioritizing the use of groundwater and promoting scientific cultivation methods with technological support. Natural disasters, which are the most direct impact of climate change, are exacerbated by global warming, which in turn is caused by deforestation. Although countries have laws to curb deforestation, forest cover is declining due to illegal logging and timber exports. This illegal logging and timber trade have caused social, economic, and environmental damage to the nation. Among the various methods to mitigate environmental damage, tree planting and forest conservation are the simplest, most effective, cheapest, and most accessible actions that are also in harmony with nature and beneficial. In line with the saying "Nature is the greatest benefactor," we must consider forest conservation and environmental protection with foresight in our development activities. The people in flood-prone areas are the most affected by the consequences of climate change. Therefore, we will focus on environmental conservation, afforestation, and systematic management of water resources in these areas. This will enable villages to become clean, green, and smart villages, utilizing modern technology. From there, we can connect to the clean, green, and smart cities across the country. According to a 2020 study, Myanmar's forest cover was 43.8 million acres, and according to a 2026 study, it has increased to 44.2 million acres, an increase of nearly 400,000 acres. Myanmar's current forest cover is 42% of the country's area. Therefore, our government has adopted a policy of forest conservation and environmental protection with the aim of restoring forest cover to 50% of the country's area. This year, we will plant over 21 million trees in state-owned forest plantations and other suitable locations across the country. We urge everyone to prioritize planting trees in their homes, neighborhoods, and along roadsides.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, although Myanmar has four major rivers and numerous other rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, with over 100 million acre-feet of freshwater flowing annually, only a small percentage of this freshwater is used for agriculture, livestock, industry, and domestic purposes. Our government reconstituted the National Water Resources Committee on April 20, 2026, and is implementing 12 work plans. Myanmar possesses abundant natural resources, including fertile land and diverse mineral resources. These resources are being utilized for national development and economic prosperity. However, due to the ongoing armed conflicts and violence in some ethnic regions, some businessmen, driven by greed, along with some ethnic armed leaders, are illegally extracting national resources, supporting terrorist groups, and funding armed insurgencies. We have also observed that some poor people in remote areas are being enticed with money to illegally extract resources, unaware of the law. Our government will resolutely combat the illegal extraction of national resources for personal gain and the support of terrorism and armed insurgencies, so that the public is aware.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, our country's population is increasing annually, and the urban population is growing rapidly. With the increase in urban populations, it is necessary to study the existing challenges, advantages, and disadvantages in urban development and the living conditions and health of urban residents, and to plan accordingly to address the needs. Regarding urban beautification, we are implementing urban development plans, including providing water, electricity, and roads, constructing quality housing, and developing urban green spaces, ensuring that construction is carried out in accordance with the regulations. To achieve this, we have established urban development ministries in states and regions. In urban development, rather than expanding urban areas, we will strive to build modern cities that are efficient in terms of water supply, electricity, communication, and transportation, similar to global cities. We will also create recreational spaces for urban residents. We are building 5,000-seat capacity 400-meter running tracks, indoor stadiums, and swimming pools in the capitals of states and regions as a first phase. In major cities with large populations, we are upgrading 400-meter running tracks with a capacity of 3,000 spectators. We will continue to implement these projects in other towns and townships based on available funds. We are also ensuring that basic education schools have adequate sports facilities and essential infrastructure.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, culture is a very delicate and powerful force. To preserve it, we need a strong patriotic spirit to cherish, respect, and protect it permanently. Every country and nation in the world has its own culture. Just as we can understand a nation's customs and traditions by observing them, we can also measure a nation's and its people's status by their culture. Myanmar's culture has developed over thousands of years and remains strong with its own unique style and characteristics. Therefore, we will continue to preserve the traditional cultures and arts of all ethnic nationalities. Myanmar's arts have emerged from the need to survive and thrive in society and to elevate the dignity of the nation. Artists have been actively working in accordance with government policies. Those who can pass on the invaluable cultural heritage of the nation to future generations are the artists. In entertaining the public, artists have preserved the national character and style of Myanmar and have contributed to the nation's progress. Therefore, artists need to actively participate and cooperate with the nation and the democratic path. Regarding tourism, it is considered a major industry worldwide. Many countries have achieved significant development through tourism. Our country has natural attractions such as beautiful beaches, scenic mountains, pristine lakes, and famous pagodas, as well as world heritage sites such as Bagan and Mrauk U. Buddhist sites such as Shwedagon Pagoda and ancient temples, and cultural festivals such as Thingyan and the Tazaungdaing festival, are also significant attractions for tourism. We are working to develop nature-based and culture-based tourism by utilizing these resources. We will also promote adventure tourism such as mountain trekking and river cruises. To promote tourism, we are working to increase the number of countries eligible for visa-on-arrival, in addition to the six countries currently granted this facility. Regarding visa services, we have granted e-visa access to 100 countries and are negotiating to increase this number.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, the rule of law is the most fundamental pillar for national stability and development. Therefore, I have personally guided our government to ensure that all citizens understand the law and legal knowledge. Only when citizens understand the existing laws can a disciplined society emerge. Since 2015, legal education has been taught at the high school level, and there are now 800,000 students who have a basic understanding of law. We are also working to expand legal education at universities in states and regions. We are also working to enhance the capabilities and strength of the Myanmar Police Force to ensure internal security and the rule of law. In particular, we have instructed the police to crack down on drug trafficking, online gambling, and illegal activities in border areas. All government officials, civil servants, and administrative bodies must work with integrity and honesty to ensure that corruption, which undermines the rule of law, is eradicated. Ward and village administrative bodies, which are in direct contact with the public, must be free from corruption and have a thorough understanding of the law. The nation is striving to ensure fair justice, promote legal knowledge, and establish incorruptible governance. Furthermore, combating corruption is a priority for nation-building and economic development. During the previous democratic government's term, due to the negligence and corruption of responsible officials, the nation suffered losses of over US$13 million and over 226 billion kyats. Our government is working diligently to ensure that all officials perform their duties honestly and to prevent such incidents from recurring. We will prioritize establishing a clean government and good governance. Government officials, civil servants, and business entrepreneurs must all work with integrity for the benefit of the nation and the people. We must also reform our attitudes and ensure that we do not pass on bad legacies to future generations. To eradicate corruption, we will systematically implement measures not only at the Union, state, and regional levels but also at the ward and village administrative levels, which are in direct contact with the public.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, online fraud and scams are serious crimes committed against the public, and our government will not tolerate them and will take strong action. In this crackdown, it has been observed that 99% of those convicted are foreign nationals who have illegally entered our country through neighboring countries. The communication devices and computer equipment they use are illegally imported from their home countries. Their criminal activities are also coordinated with foreign entities. Foreign media are portraying these incidents in a way that seems to suggest Myanmar authorities are responsible. Furthermore, online fraud has led to conflicts with ethnic armed organizations in the northern regions, causing significant losses to the country. Our government will make every effort to restore the country to its original state and will cooperate with friendly countries, including China and Thailand. To date, we have arrested 7,00950 foreign nationals from 58 countries involved in online fraud and scams and have repatriated them to their respective countries. We have also dismantled illegal structures that facilitate these activities. We must also remember that drug trafficking is a problem faced by all ethnic nationalities. Our government has designated the production and trafficking of narcotic drugs, which are harmful to humanity, as a national threat and is working tirelessly to prevent the production, trafficking, and sale of drugs within the country. Drug trafficking and sales contribute to financial corruption, arms trafficking, terrorism, and other criminal activities, posing a threat to national stability and peace. It is observed that some ethnic armed organizations are primarily involved in the drug trade, and as it is their main source of income, they will continue to produce and sell drugs until they are completely eradicated. We will take effective action to curb this production.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, to build a strong multi-party democracy, elections have been successfully held in 68 constituencies, and 15 representatives have been elected. Currently, elected representatives are fulfilling their duties of legislation and representing the people's will in the Union Hluttaw, the National Hluttaw, and state and regional Hluttaws. For the vacant seats in Union-level organizations and constituencies where elections have not yet been held, by-elections will be held in accordance with the law within 227 days, based on the majority vote system (First Past the Post - FPTP). Preparations are underway for these elections, including voter registration, allocation of constituencies, and advance planning.
Esteemed Speaker of the Union Hluttaw and esteemed representatives, in conclusion, the 100 days since our government took office have laid a strong foundation for the nation's future. We are working with urgency, prioritizing national stability and development. Our government will faithfully fulfill its responsibilities to the nation. In carrying out these responsibilities, we will focus on strengthening the democratic system, building a union based on democracy and federalism, developing the nation, and improving the socio-economic lives of the people. We are determined to build a united and cohesive Union. No matter how great the challenges and difficulties we face, with the motto "The strength of the nation lies with the people," if the people and the government work together with unwavering perseverance, we will be able to overcome these difficulties and create opportunities. I firmly believe that our government will build a new nation based on democracy and federalism in accordance with the will of the people. I urge everyone to keep pace with the times and not to fall behind in their thinking. I will take two years to build the new nation and will continue to work with urgency for three years. I urge all citizens to actively participate and cooperate with me. Thank you all.