Transcription
Science enthusiasts, consider the Star Wars universe. Have you ever seen a vehicle traveling on the ground, on asphalt? Or look at the construction site you see next to me right now. Do you see a winch, a tow rope, or something similar? Yes, these are science fiction dreams for now. But if one day our lives truly become independent of gravity, as we just showed, the article I will tell you about today could be its starting point. If you're ready, how will we domesticate gravity? Let's begin. You might say, "Professor, we don't even know how gravity is transmitted. How will we transition to this technology?" But let us remind you immediately. The strongest theory we have is that the particles carrying gravity are gravitons. This article says that we have reached the point of theoretically proving the existence of gravitons in a way that is compatible with current physics theories. And we didn't stop there. We have also designed an experiment to prove gravitons, and this experiment can be done with current technology. This is truly huge news. Why? If we can prove the existence of gravitons, our lives will truly change. Okay, our daily lives will change, but this issue is actually a much bigger issue. If we confirm the existence of gravitons in a laboratory, then we might truly touch upon the theory of everything that even Einstein could not solve. So, what will solving the theory of everything bring us? Then we will have the chance to manipulate the universe from beginning to end. Everything changes the moment we combine the quantum world with the macro scale. So, what are these gravitons? Gravitons are ghost particles in many theories that carry gravity. Until now, no one has been able to see them, but this article says we have a chance to see them. Science enthusiasts, before we move on to the article, we have a request from you. Let's make this video a hype video. Because the hype video we made last time entered the top 50, and we met new viewers we had never seen before. So, rising during the hype allows our video to reach more science enthusiasts. Thank you very much for your support in advance. If you're ready, we are advancing towards the gravity revolution with leaps and bounds. The suggestion in the article is simple. Let's send so many photons to the fabric of spacetime that it does whatever we say. Okay, let it do that, but first, let's see what it means to overcome gravity. Actually, I'm talking about lifting our feet off the ground. That is, overcoming that weak force with which the Earth's mass pulls us to itself. Professor, haven't we overcome that force? What do planes and rockets do then, you might ask. However, what we have done so far is not to manipulate the Earth's gravitational force. We have only resisted it using the laws of aerodynamics. We have countered gravity using the lifting force of air or the immense power of rockets. But we have never directly touched the fabric of spacetime. We are not fighting gravity. We are just trying to escape it. What is mentioned in this article is not escaping gravity. It is surfing on gravitational waves by affecting their amplitude. [Music] Think of the force caused by the Earth, which pulls us to itself and bends spacetime, like an ocean. Gravitational waves are like waves in this ocean. Where did these gravitational waves come from, you might ask? From Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity. We are not surprised again. According to him, space and time are not a fixed stage. They are bent by mass and energy, and this bending propagates as waves. If one day we can surf on these waves by affecting their amplitude, then we will have manipulated gravitational waves. The idea of gravitational waves, theoretically proposed in 1916, was measured almost 100 years later in 2015 by LIGO, the world's first gravitational wave detector, and their existence was proven. The article begins with the legendary and equally dangerous kite experiment conducted by Benjamin Franklin, who was not the American president, in 1752. In this experiment, Franklin managed to capture and use the energy of lightning. From that moment on, humanity evolved from merely observing lightning to redirecting and manipulating it. The article says that we are currently in the period before Franklin's kite experiment regarding gravity. At the end of the day, humanity is only observing gravitational waves but cannot use them. LIGO can directly detect the tiny gravitational waves formed in the fabric of spacetime by the collision of black holes or neutron stars billions of light-years away. Imagine space as a giant bowl of jelly. If you throw two giant marbles into this jelly and collide them, a slight vibration will occur on the jelly. Gravitational waves are exactly this vibration. We can only measure these fluctuations, which are impossible to see with the naked eye, with extremely sensitive detectors like LIGO. So, what does LIGO measure? LIGO measures the stretching and squeezing of space itself. Let's go back to that bowl of jelly we just talked about. When there is a fluctuation in the jelly, some parts of the jelly stretch by millimeters, and some parts shrink. LIGO measures exactly this change. To simplify greatly, and to deviate a bit from the subject, if the distance between two points in space at time T is X units, and at time T + 1 the distance between the same two points is X + 1 units, we can say that spacetime has stretched between these two times. These millimeter-scale distance differences are measured by lasers sent by LIGO. However, LIGO measurements are very precise. The resulting distance differences are almost 1000 times smaller than in an atomic nucleus. The article says that we should no longer be content with measuring the bending of spacetime. We should bend it ourselves. Okay, it sounds good, but how will we move that giant jelly of spacetime? The article proposes a very radical and exciting method here. Building an optical Weber bar. In the 1960s, physicist Joseph Weber used giant aluminum cylinders to capture gravitational waves. He expected these metal cylindrical rods to vibrate when a gravitational wave passed, but it didn't happen. The author of the article says, "Instead of those heavy metal rods, let's use massless but incredibly energetic laser pulses, and send these laser pulses millions of times onto the gravitational wave." In essence, the optical Weber bar is not a physical metal block. It is a column of immense laser light that travels back and forth millions of times trapped between mirrors. Let's say two giant black holes collide. From this moment on, spacetime bending begins, continues to increase, reaches a peak, and then starts to decrease after the peak. According to the article, our laser pulses must meet the gravitational wave at the moment when the bending amount is maximum in this cycle. However, with this setup, called an optical Weber bar, if we deliver the laser at the right time and in the right amount, we can convert the momentary temporary bending effect of spacetime into a permanent energy change. At that peak point, the gravitational wave meeting the laser will steal 1 unit of energy from the gravitational wave, according to current theories. If we continue this cycle, we can manage the energy level of the gravitational wave each time and also change the energy of our laser. Let's say, at the exact desired time, we aim a laser with 1 unit of energy at a point where we normally see nothing, but we know the gravitational wave is peaking there, and we hit it. Then we measure the laser and see it at a level of 1.1 units. The moment we do this, a new era begins. This does not just mean managing gravitational waves. According to the article, this extra energy will be the strongest evidence of the direct absorption or emission of gravitons, the mysterious quantum particle of gravity. By the way, the physical equations in the article show that this is possible, and that's what makes the article revolutionary. So, let's say we have proven the existence of gravitons. What happens then? Or what does this mean? Proving the existence of gravitons is not just finding a new particle. It means reaching the holy grail of the physics world, closing that immense gap between general relativity and quantum mechanics. Until now, Einstein's theory explaining massive stars and quantum mechanics explaining the subatomic world have never reconciled. The existence of the graviton proves that gravity, like light, plays according to quantum rules. In essence, this article's suggestion means that we now have an experimental design that can unite these two theories. This matter is so important that I am sure there are already those preparing to fund this experimental design. Regardless of the results of this experiment, if it can be done, it is considered a certainty to win a Nobel Prize. Just as humanity, after observing electricity only as lightning for years, opened the way for electric motors when it realized that electricity affected magnetism, changing the energy of gravitational waves will open the door to new technologies. Think about it. If we can increase and decrease the energy of a gravitational wave in a laser-induced manner, meaning we can exchange gravitons, we can start coding the elasticity of spacetime like software. If we can continuously steal energy from gravitational waves or pump energy into them, we will be freed from the shackles of traditional propulsion systems like rocket fuel or exhaust gas. Imagine compressing the space in front of a ship through graviton absorption and expanding the space behind it through energy emission. If we can do this, it means the fabric of space itself will carry you independently of the speed of light, not the ship moving. Does that sound familiar? Conventional engines move by throwing something out, just like rockets. But with this method, we can gain momentum through space by directly interacting with the fabric of the universe, without throwing anything out. The moment we prove the manipulation of gravitons, the concept of weight will cease to be a static fate for us and will become a parameter, like turning the volume of a radio up or down. We can create fields that neutralize Earth's gravity. We can move massive objects with the lightness of a paper airplane. It all sounds great, but how will the optical Weber bar be built? According to the article, we don't need huge factories to bend spacetime. All we need is a 1-kilometer tunnel and mirrors so perfect that they can reflect light a million times. Furthermore, if we reflect a laser with approximately one electron's energy a million times between mirrors for very, very short periods, it is possible to steal energy from gravitational waves, and consequently, to increase the energy level of the laser, and as a result, to prove the existence of gravitons. At least, that's what the equations in the article say. They say that, but to achieve such lossless reflection so many times in very short periods, we need very, very precise mirrors. Yes, we can make these mirrors. It has never been done at this scale, but it can be done if desired and if funding is found. However, the problem is not just making and placing mirrors with such high precision. The problem is keeping this system stable for 1 kilometer. For this, you need to vacuum a 1-kilometer area and keep it at a temperature close to absolute zero. In essence, to conduct this experiment, we are not just digging a tunnel. We are bringing together the freezing cold of space, the vacuum of the moon, and the most precise optics on Earth in a 1-kilometer line. So, we almost need a space station to do this. Okay, let's say we've done all of that. But is this energy change truly a graviton exchange, or is it the gravitational wave shaking the laser in a classical way? Critics say that the laser's energy change alone is not enough to prove gravitons. The author, however, responds to this in his article with a quantum shield. If we put all the photons in the laser beam into a massive quantum superposition, we overcome this uncertainty. That is, we must force all the light to behave as a single quantum object. But we have a small problem. The number of photons we need to put into superposition is 10 to the power of 30. While we can control only a few tens of photons at this level in a laboratory today, putting 10 to the power of 30 photons into superposition simultaneously is a long way off. This means that what we need to bring gravitons to the laboratory table is not just a tunnel. We need a significant leap in quantum technology. However, these are engineering problems, and perhaps for the first time in history, we might know how to test the theory of everything and how to manipulate gravity. Science enthusiasts, today we have brought you a truly new and very important article. My intuition tells me that this time we will find the graviton and get one step closer to the theory of everything. I want this experiment to be done as soon as possible. I hope it will be done soon, and we will both have found the graviton and gradually approached a world independent of gravity. To access similar new articles immediately and to support science, you can subscribe to our channel, like our videos, and click the join button. See you in our next video. [Music]