Transcription
Hello and welcome to Intermediate. This video is from Be One. In the previous ones, we learned about "be one". In this lesson, we will learn about "indem" and "dadurch, dass". These are subordinate clauses that explain how something happens. With the conjunctions "indem" and "dadurch, dass", we form subordinate clauses. These subordinate clauses answer the questions "how?" or "through what?". So, we will now learn how to form subordinate clauses with "indem" and "dadurch, dass". This is about how to achieve a goal with the help of a means. Sentences with "indem" and "dadurch, dass" form. If you are talking about achieving a goal and how you do it, these are the means.
Here are a few examples first. I expand my vocabulary by regularly repeating vocabulary. One can open the window by pressing the button. "Indem" and "dadurch, dass" are synonyms. Let's look at "indem" first. So, here is a question: How can the device be switched on? The answer should explain how the device is switched on, in what way. One can switch on the device by pressing the red button. Here is the next question: How can you stay active? I stay active by exercising daily.
Let's take the second sentence again: "I stay active by exercising daily." "I stay active" is the main clause, and also my goal. "By exercising daily" is the subordinate clause, which is also my means. The goal is to stay active, and how do I achieve this goal? By exercising daily. So, my means is exercising. "Indem" is the conjunction and stands at the beginning of the subordinate clause. The verb stands at the end, and between the main clause and the subordinate clause, there is a comma. The structure of sentences with "indem" is: main clause, subordinate clause. In the case of "indem", the verb will be placed at the end. One can also start with the subordinate clause: "By exercising daily, I stay active." "By exercising daily" is the subordinate clause, and "I stay active" is the main clause. In this case, "indem" is at the beginning of the sentence, and the main clause begins with the verb. Between the two sentences, there is a comma, and as always, the subordinate clause ends with the verb.
Here is another example: I protect my eyes by wearing sunglasses. One can also say: "By wearing sunglasses, I protect my eyes."
Now let's look at sentences with "dadurch, dass". So, here is a question: How can one improve their language skills? Questions with "how?" can be answered with "indem". One can improve their language skills by speaking with native speakers. Or one can formulate the sentence with "dadurch, dass". One can improve their language skills by speaking with native speakers. The meaning of both sentences is the same. Here is another example: One can lose weight by exercising regularly. Or one can lose weight by exercising regularly. The meaning remains the same. One can use "indem" or "dadurch, dass". Sentences with "indem" and "dadurch, dass" are all the same. In both cases, you are presented with losing weight.
Here is another example: He learns new words by repeating them. Normally, "dadurch" stands in the main clause, but one can also formulate the sentence like this: "He learns new words by repeating them." And the questions are formulated with "how?" or "through what?". "Through what?" or "How can one avoid an accident?". One can avoid an accident by driving carefully. Let's take the sentence again and analyze it: "One can avoid an accident by driving carefully." The main clause is the sentence "One can avoid an accident". And that is also the goal. The means or the subordinate clause is "that one drives carefully". So, the goal is to avoid an accident, and what is the means? Driving carefully. In the subordinate clause, "dass" is the conjunction at the beginning, and the verb is at the end. Between the subordinate clause and the main clause, there is a comma. This sentence can also be formulated like this: "By driving carefully, one can avoid an accident." In this case, the subordinate clause comes before the main clause, but "dadurch, dass" stand together at the beginning of the sentence. The main clause begins with the verb. Between the two sentences, there is a comma, and the subordinate clause ends with the verb. But here it is very important that "dadurch" and "dass" stand together.
So, here is another question: How can I learn German well? And here are the possible formulations for an answer: You can learn German well by practicing a lot. Or: "By practicing a lot, you can learn German well." Or: "You can learn German well by practicing a lot." Or: "By practicing a lot, you can learn German well."
And here is an exercise. Two questions for you. You are welcome to write the answers in the comments. How do you stay healthy? And the second question: How can one stay happy? You must work on section two to practice your vocabulary. A lot of work from the Be One page and BBC.com. Thank you for watching this video. You can skip to the end to receive notifications when a video is uploaded. Goodbye.