Inventory Valuation - Detailed ONE SHOT - CA Foundation Accounts | CA Hardik Manchanda |

Good evening everybody. Good evening, evening, good evening. Jai Shri Krishna everyone. How are you all? Yes, come in, come in, come in. First of all, I request you all to quickly confirm if you can hear my voice. Audio, video, confirm once that everything is fine. Then we will talk a little, then we will start. Yes, audio, video everything is fine. Fantastic. Okay, okay, okay. Very good. Okay. Now all the children will listen to me. Yes, okay. Friends, because from today our new series is starting. A revision series is starting for January 25th. Correct? So first of all, sir, we have to follow some rules for our series. Okay. This chat section is going on, going on, going on. Yes, wait a little. Okay, right. We have come to study. Yes, we will study. There are some things that you need to keep in mind. Listen to the talk calmly, listen to the talk. Because, look, in my class there is a very simple rule that any child who creates even a little disturbance in the class or talks about anything irrelevant is directly blocked. I am not joking at all. Okay. So all the children will listen to me for two minutes. Listen to me for two minutes, and then we will start. The first thing is, I hope all the children have seen the schedule, what is the schedule of the revision series? Yes. So the first rule is that our classes are going to be at 4:00 p.m., and you have to watch them live, watch them live. The first thing is that just as you have come now, yes, you have to come, you have to come. I hope all the children have joined the Telegram group here. The second thing is, what is the second thing? That this chat of yours is going on. Yes, right. We will have to stop this a little. Sit quietly, we are okay. You are writing all the messages that are in your mind, writing them. Sit quietly, listen to me for two minutes, comfortably. We have come to prepare, I have come to make you prepare, and I will make you prepare. But sit comfortably. What does this mean? It means that when I am teaching you, all your attention will be only and only on whom? On me, on the concepts, on the questions, not on the chats. Do you understand? Because now we don't have time to waste time. What will happen to the chats, sir? When I am teaching you, as our class is about to start, then, children, your chats will be off, as they always are. Okay sir, chats will be off. Meaning, meaning, chats will not be visible to you at that time. When I have taught you, or let's say we have done some questions, then I will turn on the chat for a minute or two. If there is any doubt, we will discuss it there, and then again we will do the same thing. The first thing is to attend live. The second thing is that we should not waste time at all in chats. When I see any child spamming or any child not listening, not studying, wasting time, unfortunately, child, I will have to block directly. No second chance, no warning, nothing. Direct block, because the other children will be disturbed. The second thing is this. Yes. The third and most important thing, the third most important thing, if you are watching your classes on a laptop now, I guess many children here will be watching on laptops, then children, listen to me. If you are watching on a laptop or let's say on a tablet, anywhere, there should not be a phone in front of your eyes. Did you understand that if you are watching the class on a laptop, or let's say on any other device, not on the phone, within your distance, yes, your phone should not be within your reach. If it is there now, either keep it outside the room, switch it off, do whatever you want. The phone should not be in front of you, because it is a very common thing that you are attending an online class and you picked up the phone in between. This should not be done. But if you are watching the class on the phone, then what can be done, then it's fine. This is for those children who have phones lying beside them. The phone should not be beside you. Have you understood? Sir, meaning, meaning, remove the phone, brother. As I told you this morning, in the video I uploaded, I told you that now we have to stay away from distractions etc. We need 100% focus on the one month of time we have. Everybody, yes or no? It's a simple thing. Next, our point is that when we will practice questions, when we practice questions, then children, you should not just watch. When we do questions, only a calculator should be in your hand, only a calculator. What should you do at that time, sir? When we are doing questions, you have to solve the questions simultaneously. It means that if today we are doing inventory valuation, then assume that inventory is finished today, meaning finished. In the first revision in December, we will finish inventory valuation today. Absolutely yes, simple thing. Right? I have not come to pass time, nor should you come. Everybody clear? Yes. After that, the last point is that when we study, we will study calmly and enjoyably. Nobody should study with stress. The responsibility of accounts and eco is mine. As today's class is happening, similarly, the rest of the classes will continue. After that, as I am seeing messages, those who are sending these long, long messages, children, if you want to talk about anything other than class, other than concepts, other than questions, that will be at the end of the class. Keep this in mind. If you send two or four such messages in between the class, I will block you. I seriously do not tolerate disturbances at all. Have you understood? You are doing class, sit in class, if you have any other doubt, talk at the end of the class. All right everybody, yes. Now what do I want from you? Now I want from you that we are ready. Are all the children ready? Then thumbs up. We will start the chapter. We will discuss the concepts, we will discuss the questions. In the next three hours, sir, we will finish inventory. Everybody, yes. Are all ready? Yes. I will stay after class, child. We will do whatever you have to talk about, like Kuldeep Singh, I am not reading Kuldeep Singh's message at all. The four or five lines he has written, we will do that after class. Whatever needs to be done. All ready? Okay, fantastic. Let's turn off the chat, and then let's start. I hope you have pen and register. Yes or no? Okay. We will solve questions simultaneously. Come quickly. We will turn off the chat. Yes. Okay, those who haven't liked, if you like the video, it will reach other children. Yes, this is what we have to say, isn't it? Okay. So I am turning off the live chat, turning it off. Go [music] Fantastic, fantastic, fantastic, everybody. Yes, let's start. So friends, first of all, first of all, now I will tell you one more thing that in whichever chapters there is a little bit of theory, yes sir, there is some theory in every chapter, I will take a separate class for that theory, as everyone knows, I guess, right? The theory class is separate. So the theory of that chapter will be only theory, like in inventory valuation, one point comes, periodic system, perpetual system, we will do the whole theory in the class. The classes we are going to do now are strictly from the perspective of practical questions. We will discuss the concepts. So, in inventory evaluation, the first concept that comes, let's do it quickly. The focus should be here. Sir, what is the first point that comes? That the basis of inventory valuation, when I am valuing my inventory, I am valuing my stock, what is its basis? Either I have to take its cost or its NRV, lower of cost and NRV. What does this mean? Its very simple meaning is that let's say my inventory is what, my stock is what? My stock is chips, sir, lays etc. Yes, okay. I sell that. So let's say the cost of my lays chips is 5400, but its NRV, what does NRV mean? Net realizable value. This is the full form. What does it mean? It means that when I sell it in the market, how much money will I get after selling it in the market? That is called NRV. Here NRV is 4000. It means you are expecting that it will sell for 4000. Its cost is 5400. It means you feel that it will sell at a loss. It seems that it will sell at a loss. So you are feeling a loss of 1400. Yes. So what will I do today, sir? I will record my stock at 4000 only, as per the prudence concept. Sir, what does the prudence concept say to us? That brother, if you think that you are going to have a loss, then record it, don't wait for anyone. So if I think that I am having a loss in inventory, then I will record 4000 inventory. Simple thing. That's why it's called lower of cost and NRV. But in case, in case, let's say if your cost is 5400, NRV is 9000. You think that how much will it sell in the market? It will sell in the market for 9000, sir. So will I record my inventory at 9000? The answer is no. Why? Because this is your gain. This is called anticipated gain. Do I record anticipated or expected gain? No. For gain, a very simple thing is that I record the gain when it happens, when it is realized. Right? I do not record profit on anticipation or expectation. Again, as per the prudence concept. Absolutely yes, simple thing. Therefore, our simple formula is that inventory has to be recorded, cost and NRV, whichever is lower. Absolutely yes. Okay. After this, when we are talking about cost and NRV, what does cost mean here, sir? We are saying cost again and again, so what does cost mean? Not how much you bought. If we understand the meaning of cost, then many other things also come in cost. For example, we read a story in class. What did we read? That brother, let's say this is our business, Tina Clothing's. Okay. Now this is the business. Now you have to purchase goods. What do we include in stock? In stock, we include goods, the thing whose business we are doing. Exactly. Okay. So when we have to purchase goods, let's say whatever expense you have incurred for purchasing goods, whatever expense I have incurred for purchasing goods, that comes in your cost. Absolutely yes, simple thing. Let's say they gave a buying commission, as you know, let's say I want the cheapest goods, so there are some agents who help me to find where the cheapest goods are available. So I gave them 100 rupees as buying commission. Okay. Then I went to take cotton. I took cotton worth 2000000 rupees. I got a trade discount. Now trade discount is deducted. Okay. So how much is my purchase? 18000. It means that the goods purchased are worth 18000. Yes. Now, after this, a very important point comes here, which can also come in the exam, that is GST's, right? The new concept of GST has come. Now, brother, whenever you purchase something, GST is levied on it. GST is levied on this at 12%. Yes. So I bought some goods, and the seller charged me GST. Okay. Now will this GST become a part of my cost? Will the goods and services tax also become a part of my cost, sir? The answer is no. If it is mentioned in your question that this GST is a refundable tax. Now, what is refundable and non-refundable? Listen to me for a minute. Sir, the meaning of refundable tax is that I paid a tax, I gave tax, but in some way that tax will be returned to me. Like I paid tax at the time of purchasing goods. When I sell goods, I will take tax from you. So the money did not go from my pocket. I bought goods. Yes. I gave the tax at that time. Okay. At that time, I gave a tax of 2160. When I sell these goods to the customer further, I will take tax from the customer. So somewhere this tax will come back to me. This is called refundable tax. If it is mentioned in the question that GST (refundable tax), then it does not become a part of my cost. Meaning, when I calculate the cost of my inventory, I will not consider this. But friends, our book has taken an assumption here that if only GST is written, I will ask questions later. If only GST is written, then assume that it is non-refundable. Meaning, meaning, it will be a part of your cost. For now, just keep this in mind that if GST is coming in the question and nothing is mentioned, then that GST is part of your cost. It will be a part of your cost. Absolutely yes. If refundable is written with GST, then it will not be a part of your cost. Otherwise, I will give you questions, you will understand. Then you purchased goods, so wherever you purchased goods from, you incurred some transportation cost to bring them to your factory, which we call what? Freight inward, carriage inward. Do these become a part of your cost? Yes, sir, these definitely become a part of the cost of my inventory. Definitely become, sir. Okay. Any tax which is non-refundable, sir, which is non-refundable, becomes a part of my cost, sir. Absolutely, absolutely it becomes. Okay, fantastic. So what did I say here, sir? That actually, my cost includes three things. When I talk about the cost of my inventory, there are three things in it. One is the cost of purchase. The meaning of purchase is that let's say whatever goods you have purchased, it can be raw material, it can be finished goods, any goods that you have purchased goods. At the time of purchasing, any expense incurred, sir, you paid buying commission, you paid carriage inward, any transportation expense, any packing and working was done. You went to take goods. Now there were many goods, brother. I have gone to take goods, so I am a business, right? My business is there. So sir, when I went to take goods, there were many goods. I got it packed in cardboard, got it packed somewhere. So the expense incurred on packing and working will also become a part of your goods, a part of the cost of goods. Exactly. So that comes in your cost of purchase. It comes, okay. When we do questions, it will be better understood. Second, what do you have? Cost of conversion. Now, for example, you purchased raw material. Oh baba, after purchasing raw material, you will convert it. What does conversion mean? Sir, I will convert it into finished goods in my factory. In short, the production expenses, in short, the manufacturing expenses. Will those also become a part of your cost? Exactly. What did we call it? Manufacturing cost, right? Like in final accounts, what do we study, sir? Manufacturing account. So whatever expenses you put in the manufacturing account, sir, what are they? Cost of conversion. Simple thing. There can be other costs as well, designing cost, meaning, sir, that I manufacture cars, Wadia. Okay. So someone asked me to manufacture a specific design car. It has a design cost. This is not that important. Our main thing is cost of purchase, cost of conversion, other costs. Yes, the funny thing is that a question has also come for five marks in theory that what is included in cost? So there are three things: cost of purchase, cost of conversion, other costs. Simple thing, simple thing. Okay. If we talk about NRV, net realizable value, what did it mean, sir? The meaning of net realizable value was that if I go to sell these goods in the market, how much money will come into my pocket? Sir, this pocket, yes. How much money? So brother, look, now my stock can be of finished goods. Can it be of WIP? It can be, sir. What did WIP mean? Work in progress. What does work in progress mean? Half-finished goods. Let's say I make what, sir? I make this blazer. Yes. So half of my blazer is made, half of the blazer is remaining. Yes. So sir, how will this be sold? Yes. This is called WIP, work in progress. One is finished goods. Simple thing, sir. Now you have to find out the value of each type of inventory, sir. You have to find out the value of raw material inventory separately, WIP separately, sir, finished goods separately. Absolutely yes, you have to find out each one separately. Okay. So how to find out? In everything, you have to see how much is the cost of raw material, how much is the NRV of raw material, how much is the cost of WIP, how much is its NRV, how much is the cost of finished goods, how much is its NRV? So look, for example, if we talk about raw material, yes. So in raw material, only your cost of purchase will come. Yes. But in finished goods, cost of conversion etc. will also come. Yes, very correct, correct thing. Okay. If we talk about NRV, if we talk about the NRV of finished goods, it is very simple. For the NRV of finished goods, what you have to do is estimate the selling price. What do you think it will sell for? Sir, there is some finished good. Yes. Let's say this blazer is completely ready. Yes. This is my blazer, sir. It is completely ready. So what do you think, baba, how much will it sell for? Minus the expense that will have to be incurred to sell it, meaning selling expenses. That sir, some expense may have to be incurred to sell it, there may be our sales agent, anything. Selling commission, right? So that becomes selling expenses. So let's say I think that this blazer which I had taken was maybe 3000, 2000000 rupees will have to be given to someone as commission. So my NRV is 1900. So it means that for NRV, you only have to keep one thing in mind, how much money is coming into the pocket after selling this, how much money is coming into the pocket? That is NRV. So this is for our finished goods that when this is sold, 1900 will come into the pocket. It will come. Simple, simple. Okay. Then we talk about WIP. Many children have difficulty in this, but it is very easy. Now let's say there is WIP. Yes. Half a blazer is made, sir. Half is made. Yes. Now what is the problem here? The problem is that, brother, no one will buy half a blazer. Even if they buy it today, I don't know, sir, who will buy a half-finished blazer? Let's say you make jeans, then yes, one leg is made, the other leg is not made, so who will buy it? Exactly. So how do we find its NRV? So the very simple way to find its NRV is that you just have to keep one thing in mind that this WIP that I have, this half blazer that I have, how much money will come after selling this? Keep one thing in mind, how much money will come into the pocket? Now listen to me carefully. Now I know that, brother, it is difficult to sell this half blazer, right? So I said, tell me one thing, how much will it cost to complete this? What did I say? That brother, okay, half blazer is made, how much more expense will it take to convert it into finished goods? What do we call it? Estimated cost of completion. Till now, the cost of the WIP you have, the half blazer, is 1000. Whatever expense you have incurred on it, that is 1000. So your cost has come. Now I need NRV. What do I need? I need NRV. Now to find out NRV, I said that brother, we will not be able to sell this half blazer, yes, but NRV is needed. Okay. So you asked that tell me one thing, how much expense will be incurred to complete it? So you said 800. So it means, friends, 800 will go from the pocket. It has been sold till now, yes, but because you want that brother, I will estimate once how much expense is there in selling a half blazer, how much money will come. So you found out that when you convert it into finished goods, an expense of 800 will also be incurred. An expense of 1000 has already been incurred on the half blazer. 800 more will be incurred. It means that now 8800 more will go from the pocket. Exactly. Then you saw that when I sell it, I will sell it for 3000. So 3000 will come in. Yes. And an expense of 100 rupees will also be incurred in selling. Exactly. So it's over. That sir, if you have half a blazer, then actually how much is the NRV of half a blazer? What did you do? See, brother, we can sell only finished goods. Okay. So first, let's see how much expense will be incurred in converting it into finished goods now. So you said that the estimated cost of completion is 800. What are we calling 800? Estimated cost of completion. So 800 will go from the pocket till now, right? If you have to incur an expense of 800 more, then it will go. Yes. Then 3000 will come into the pocket. Yes. And there is a selling expense of 100 rupees. Yes. So how much money is left in the pocket? 2100. This is NRV. So how much was the cost of your WIP? 1000. Yes sir, and NRV is 2100. Just again, there are no practical questions. It has never come in the exam. But it should not be left out. Simple thing. Okay. So how much will my inventory be, sir? Cost and NRV, whichever is lower. My cost has come to 1000. Simple, yes. And raw material is very simple, that sir, how much is the cost of raw material? 500. When you bought it, it was 500. Yes. So its replacement cost. The meaning of replacement cost has become simple for now, that brother, how much is it available in the market? Sir, I will not sell the raw material. Yes. So I simply saw that how much is this raw material available in the market. What does NRV mean? That sir, how much is the value going on in the market? How much money will be received? So how much is it available in the market? Meaning, replacement cost, that if I go to the market to take this, how much is it available for? It is available for 400. So what is lower in both? 400. 400. So if we quickly revise once that in NRV, because I think this question can come in true or false in any attempt. Okay sir, NRV has to be calculated for finished goods. To find out the NRV of finished goods, it's a very simple thing. Estimated selling price minus selling expenses. But if we have to find out for WIP, we have applied this formula, that estimated cost of completion, that how much more expense will be incurred. Yes. So -800. Then when we sell, 3000 will come, and there is a selling expense of 100 rupees. So the total is 2100. The matter is finished. And the replacement cost of raw material. Replacement cost. After that, what is an important point? An important point is that inventory valuation is to be done at each balance sheet date. Meaning, on every 31st March. If you are making a balance sheet on 31st March, then baba, on 31st March, you have to value the inventory. Very simple, very simple. Okay. Second and very, very important point, friends, pay attention to this. Let's say you have two products, A and B. Sir, two products, A and B. Okay. Now you know how much is the cost of product A? 2000. How much is that of the second one? 3000. Okay. Now the point is that how much is the total cost? 5000. Product A's is 2000, product B's is 3000. Total cost is 5000. Then you calculated the NRV of both. How much is the NRV of both, sir? 1800. Yes, 4100. So how much is the NRV? 5900. Now many children will think, sir, the cost is 5000, NRV is 5900. What is the lower of both? 5000. So do 5000? No, wrong. You always have to see item by item. Sir, we do not have to see the total cost and total NRV, item by item. Meaning, compare in product A separately, compare in product B separately. Sir, in product A, compare cost and NRV, whichever is lower. In product B, compare cost and NRV, whichever is lower. Yes, it has to be done like this, it has to be done like this. Have you understood? Therefore, very, very important that inventory to be written down, yes, to a, to an item by item basis. These are two points from which MCQ has been made, sir. MCQ. I'm saying MCQ. True or false has been made. Yes. True or false has been made. Okay. So this became our base, sir. Our base has become. Our base has become. Now we come directly to our important practical concepts. That sir, what are the methods to calculate inventory? Roughly there are two methods, sir. Thin, thin. Sir, there are roughly two methods. One which we call what? Historical cost method. One is non-historical cost method. Sir, what does historical cost mean? That where you use the purchase value of inventory, how much you purchased the inventory, that is historical cost, right? The meaning of cost is how much it was purchased for, that whole cost, sir. You actually use that cost to find out the value of inventory. So here you are seeing, child, you are seeing five methods. Simple method, FIFO, LIFO, simple average, weighted average. Exactly. Okay. These are the five methods. Five methods. And non-historical cost, where I do not consider the cost, I find out the valuation of inventory from the selling price. That is called non-historical cost method. Adjust selling price, sir. Which one is more important out of both? Out of both, this one is more important. So does it mean that we will leave this? No, baba. But first, we will focus on what is more important. So it means we will start with adjust selling price. Because child, this has been my experience that like in the previous attempt also, when I had revised inventory, we had done this, and we had taken one hour in this. So first, we channel our energy, sir, we use the energy on important concepts. So the two most important concepts of your inventory, that is adjust selling price and your inventory taking, we will do them first. We will do this in the end because this is very easy. Sir, I will do the whole thing, don't worry. But we will do adjust selling price first, as I told you that we will do it, so I am quickly coming, sir, on what? Adjust selling price method. We will study the whole thing, we will study the whole thing. Don't take tension. We are coming, sir, on adjust selling price method. Exactly, exactly. Okay. In adjust selling price, we will do questions, then I will turn on the chat. You will listen to me carefully. Sir, first of all, what happens in this method? So listen, in this method, as we saw, this is a non-historical cost method. It means, friends, non-historical cost means that here we are not finding out the value of inventory from the cost of inventory. Sir, why are we not finding out? Because child, these methods are used in retail inventory. Sir, retail shops, like for example, take a simple example, that there is a retail shop, a shop from where you purchase bread etc., chocolates etc. Okay.

है अब वहां पे क्या होता है? वहां पे उनका क्या है? उनको पता है कि उनका ओपनिंग स्टॉक कितना है। सर, कैसे पता है? पिछले साल के क्लोजिंग स्टॉक से। पिछले साल आपने एडजस्टेड सेलिंग प्राइस मेथड से क्लोजिंग स्टॉक निकाला था, तो वो आपको करंट ईयर में ओपनिंग स्टॉक पता है। ठीक है। उनको ये पता है कि पूरे साल में परचेज कितनी करी है, क्योंकि उनके पास बिल होता है कि पूरे साल में परचेस कितनी करी है कि हां इतना परचेस मैंने पूरे साल में किया हुआ है। ठीक। डायरेक्ट एक्सपेंस अगर कोई हुए हैं, तो वो उनको पता है। डायरेक्ट एक्सपेंस का मतलब क्या होता है? वही जो हमने पढ़ा कि आपका कैरेज इनवर्ट हो गया, वो सब चीजें। ठीक है। तो उनको यह पता है कि आपके पास सर उस दुकान में जो टोटल स्टॉक है, जो टोटल स्टॉक है, वो कितने का है? सर, 4500000 का। जिसको हम अकाउंटिंग लैंग्वेज में क्या बोलते हैं? कॉस्ट ऑफ गुड्स अवेलेबल फॉर सेल। इन टर्म्स को समझ लो, टर्म समझ आ जाएगा, तो क्वेश्चन अपने आप हो जाएगा। सर, कॉस्ट ऑफ गुड्स अवेलेबल फॉर सेल का मतलब क्या है? कि पूरे साल में जो गुड्स आपके पास अवेलेबल थे बेचने के लिए। पूरे साल में जो इन्वेंटरी मेरे पास अवेलेबल थी बेचने के लिए, उसकी कॉस्ट। कॉस्ट ऑफ गुड्स अवेलेबल फॉर सेल। बेटा, कॉस्ट ऑफ गुड्स सोल्ड अलग होता है, जो आपने बचपन में पढ़ा है। सीजीएस। सीजीएस इज कि जो गुड्स आपने बेचा, उसकी कॉस्ट। नहीं, उसकी बात नहीं कर रहे हम। हम बात कर रहे हैं कि पूरे साल में जितना भी टोटल इन्वेंटरी मेरे पास था, उसकी कॉस्ट। इसको हमने बोला कॉस्ट ऑफ गुड्स अवेलेबल फॉर सेल। तो बड़ा सिंपल सा इसका एक फार्मूला बनता है कि भाई ईयर के स्टार्टिंग में आपका स्टॉक कितना था? आपने कितना परचेज किया? कोई डायरेक्ट एक्सपेंस है, तो ऐड कर दो। ये मेरे पास पूरे साल में स्टॉक था। नो प्रॉब्लम। अब उसके बाद बात ये आती है कि आपको यह पता है कि आपने पूरे साल में सेल्स कितनी करी है। जब सेल्स करते हैं, तो बिल काटते हैं ना? हां। तो सेल्स आपको पता है कि सेल्स कितनी करी है। तो ₹5 लाख की आपने सेल्स करी है। ठीक है। नो प्रॉब्लम। अब दोस्तों आपके पास जो क्लोजिंग स्टॉक है, वो दे रखा होगा। लेकिन बस प्रॉब्लम ये है कि क्लोजिंग स्टॉक का आपको कॉस्ट नहीं पता होगा। आपको सेलिंग प्राइस पता होगा। अगर आप दुकान पे गए और आपने भैया से पूछा, आंटी से पूछा, जिस मर्जी से पूछा कि बताइए ना, अरे दीदी, भैया बताओ, आपके दुकान पे कितने का स्टॉक पड़ा होगा? तो वो आपको बताएंगे उसका सेलिंग प्राइस कि भाई कुल मिला के मैं ये सारा सामान बेच सकता हूं ₹2 लाख में, बेच सकता हूं ₹3 लाख में। उनको इंडिविजुअली उसकी कॉस्ट नहीं पता होगी। ऐसा ये मेथड है। हां जी, बिल्कुल सही। इसलिए इसको क्या बोला? रिटेल इन्वेंटरी मेथड। एग्जैक्टली। तो इसमें सबसे इंपॉर्टेंट चीज क्या है और सबसे सिंपल चीज है कि आपके पास सब कुछ है, बस आपके पास क्लोजिंग स्टॉक की कॉस्ट नहीं है। सर, हमको वो निकालनी है। सब कुछ अवेलेबल है आपके पास। सर, क्या है? कि पूरे साल जो आपके पास इन्वेंटरी थी, उसकी कॉस्ट कितनी है? आपने सेल कितनी करी? सब कुछ है, बस मुझे क्या करना होगा? मुझे जो क्लोजिंग स्टॉक की सेलिंग वैल्यू दे रखी है, सेल प्राइस दे रखा है, इसको कॉस्ट में कन्वर्ट करना होगा।

अब बेटा थोड़ा सा याद करो अपने बचपन की बातें कि अगर आपके पास सेलिंग प्राइस होता है, क्या होता है? सेलिंग प्राइस होता है और मुझे क्या निकालना है? कॉस्ट प्राइस। बचपन में शायद से आपने एथ क्लास के आसपास ये कभी पढ़ा होगा कि सर एक फार्मूला होता है कि सेलिंग प्राइस, हां जी, इज इक्वल्स टू जो आपका कॉस्ट प्राइस होता है, हां, इसमें आप प्रॉफिट को ऐड करते हो, है ना? सर, बचपन में पढ़ा था। बचपन में पढ़ा था। वही है बेटा, ये बचपन ही चल रहा है। ठीक है। हां, है ना? तो मुझे बताओ बेटा, मुझे बताओ अगर आपके पास सेलिंग प्राइस है, हम कहीं से आपको प्रॉफिट का पता चल जाए, क्या आप उसकी कॉस्ट निकाल लोगे? निकाल लोगे। बस वही तो करना है हमको कि सर हमारे पास क्लोजिंग स्टॉक का सेलिंग प्राइस गिवन होगा कि जितना मेरे पास 31 मार्च को स्टॉक पड़ा हुआ है, रखा हुआ है, हां जी, इसकी सेलिंग वैल्यू कितनी है? ये मेरे को पता है। हम अगर मैं इसमें प्रॉफिट हटा दूं, क्योंकि बेटा जो सेलिंग वैल्यू होती है उसमें प्रॉफिट इंक्लूडेड होता है। सर, जो हमारा सेलिंग प्राइस होता है, उसमें प्रॉफिट इंक्लूडेड होता है। बिल्कुल सही। ठीक है। तो अगर मैं प्रॉफिट को हटा दूंगा सेलिंग प्राइस में से, क्या मेरा कॉस्ट आ जाएगा? कॉस्ट आ जाएगा। बस यहां पे भी दोस्तों मुझे इतना ही करना होगा। सिंपल सी बात, सिंपल सी बात है। अब करना कैसे है? पूरा एक स्टेप वाइज प्रोसेस है, जो बढ़िया से समझेंगे, कोई दिक्कत होएगी नहीं। ठीक है। तो देखो ध्यान से। पहले तो हमने ये देखा कि हमें क्वेश्चन में गिवन क्या है? सर, मुझे क्वेश्चन में ये गिवन है कि पूरे साल, पूरे साल जितना भी मेरा स्टॉक था, उसकी कॉस्ट मुझे पता है, है ना? 1स्ट अप्रैल से लेके 31 मार्च तक जो मेरे पास स्टॉक था, उसकी कॉस्ट कितनी है? कॉस्ट है 450000।

अब थोड़ा दिमाग लगाओ बेटा। आपको एक्चुअली में इस 450000 की जो टोटल सेल वैल्यू है, वो पता है। सर, दोबारा रिपीट करो। दो बार करूंगा बेटा। क्या पता है? कि सर मुझे यह पता है कि पूरे साल जो मेरे पास गुड्स अवेलेबल थे, उसकी कॉस्ट कितनी है? 450000। और एक्चुअली में मुझे ये पता है कि 450000 की टोटल सेलिंग वैल्यू कितनी है? सेलिंग प्राइस कितना है? सर, कैसे? मुझे बताओ बेटा, जितना भी स्टॉक आपके पास अवेलेबल था, 450000। यस, ये तो आपकी टोटल कॉस्ट है। हां, पूरे साल में जो गुड्स है, उसकी कॉस्ट है। अब इसमें से कुछ गुड्स आपने बेच दिए। यस, कुछ गुड्स आपने बेच दिए और कुछ गुड्स आपके पास बचे हुए हैं, अनसोल्ड। यही तो बात है ना? सर, ₹5000000 की जो आपकी कॉस्ट थी, पूरे साल की गुड्स की, उसमें से कुछ आपने बेचा, कुछ आपने नहीं बेचा। जो आपने बेचा है, उसी को हमने क्या बोला? सेल। राइट? यस और नो। ये तो आपको पता ही है, राइट? और जो नहीं बेचा, उसी को हम बोलते हैं क्लोजिंग स्टॉक। करेक्ट है। और मजे की बात है कि क्लोजिंग स्टॉक की भी आपको क्या दे रखी है? सेलिंग वैल्यू। हमें क्या दे रखी है? सेलिंग वैल्यू। हां जी, सेलिंग वैल्यू कि भाई क्लोजिंग स्टॉक की सेलिंग वैल्यू ये है। तो बेटा इसका मतलब सिंपल हो गया ना कि ये ₹5000000 का स्टॉक टोटल कितने का बिक सकता है? वो मुझे पता है कि भाई सेलिंग वैल्यू। यस, प्लस क्लोजिंग स्टॉक की सेलिंग वैल्यू। ये टोटल सेलिंग वैल्यू हो गई। टोटल सेलिंग वैल्यू हो गई। इतनी बात तो समझ में आती है? आती है, आती है। देखो ध्यान से। हम सर मैंने निकाला टोटल कॉस्ट ऑफ गुड्स। ये मेरा कितना था? 450000। करेक्ट सर, 450000 मेरे टोटल कॉस्ट ऑफ गुड्स है। अरे बाबा, मुझे ये भी तो पता है कि इस टोटल गुड्स की सेलिंग वैल्यू कितनी है? सर, टोटल सेलिंग प्राइस कितना है? 6 लाख। कैसे आया? आप देखो खुद से। ₹4 लाख जो आप बेच चुके हो, हां, वो आपका सेलिंग वैल्यू। ₹2 लाख जो नहीं बेचा, वो भी सेलिंग वैल्यू ही है। इन्हीं गुड्स में से जो गुड्स नहीं बिके, उसकी सेलिंग वैल्यू कितनी है? 2 लाख। तो इसका मतलब टोटल सेलिंग वैल्यू 6 लाख की है। समझ में आता है? हां। अगर बेटा ये क्लोजिंग स्टॉक भी बिक जाता, तो कितने का बिकता? 2 लाख का बिकता ना? एग्जैक्टली। तो टोटल सेलिंग वैल्यू कितने की है? ₹6 लाख की। अब मुझे बताओ बेटा, इसका मतलब ये है ना क्या मैं यहां पे प्रॉफिट परसेंटेज निकाल सकता हूं? बिल्कुल निकाल सकता हूं। अगर मैं 450000 के गुड्स 6 लाख के बेच रहा हूं, तो मतलब मुझे 150000 का प्रॉफिट हो रहा है। अभी के लिए भूल जाओ कितना बेचा, कितना नहीं बेचा। अभी के लिए बस ध्यान रखो कॉस्ट और सेलिंग वैल्यू। मेरे पास टोटल कॉस्ट कितनी है? 450 की। उसका टोटल सेलिंग वैल्यू ₹6 लाख है। एग्जैक्टली। तो मतलब मैं 150 का प्रॉफिट कमा रहा हूं। एग्जैक्टली। मैं प्रॉफिट परसेंटेज निकाल सकता हूं कि मुझे 6 लाख की सेल्स पे 150 का प्रॉफिट हो रहा है। जब मैं 6 लाख की सेल्स कर रहा हूं, तो मुझे 150 का प्रॉफिट हो रहा है। एग्जैक्टली। तो मेरा परसेंटेज कितना आया? 25। कि सर 150/6 लाख = 25%। सर ये 25% का मतलब क्या है? इस 25% का मतलब है कि अगर आपका ₹1 का सेलिंग वैल्यू है, तो उसमें ₹0.25 प्रॉफिट है।

अब बेटा दिमाग लगाओ। आपके पास जो क्लोजिंग स्टॉक था, यस सर, क्लोजिंग स्टॉक था, उसका आपके पास सेलिंग वैल्यू है। सर, ये ₹2 लाख क्लोजिंग स्टॉक की सेलिंग वैल्यू है। आपको पता है कि सेलिंग वैल्यू में 25% का प्रॉफिट है, तो हटा देना भाई 25%। इतना ही सिंपल है कि जब मेरे को पता है कि ₹2 लाख के जो सेलिंग वैल्यू है, उसमें 25% का प्रॉफिट है, तो हटाना तो माइनस किया 25%, हमारी कॉस्ट आ गई। इतना ही करना है। पांच नंबर का क्वेश्चन बहुत बार आ चुका है कि सर हमने क्या करा? क्लोजिंग स्टॉक की जो सेलिंग वैल्यू थी, उसमें से प्रॉफिट को हटाया। प्रॉफिट को हटाया और प्रॉफिट हमने कैसे निकाला? ये सिंपल से स्टेप से, सिंपल से स्टेप से, सिंपल है। हां जी, बहुत सिंपल है। मैंने यहां पे नोट्स में पूरा लिखा हुआ है कि पहले आपको क्या निकालना है? कैलकुलेट द कॉस्ट ऑफ गुड्स अवेलेबल फॉर सेल। कि पूरे साल में जितने भी गुड्स आपके पास अवेलेबल थे बेचने के लिए, उसकी कॉस्ट। ओपनिंग स्टॉक + परचेज + डायरेक्ट एक्सपेंस। क्वेश्चन में सब कुछ गिवन होगा। ठीक है। फिर निकालनी है टोटल सेल वैल्यू कि जितने भी गुड्स आपके पास अवेलेबल थे, यस, उसकी टोटल सेल वैल्यू कितनी है? तो सेल्स जो आपने कर दी, हां, प्लस जो गुड्स आपके पास बचे हुए हैं, उसकी सेलिंग प्राइस। तो ये टोटल सेलिंग वैल्यू है। सिंपल, सिंपल। फिर हमने निकाला ग्रॉस मार्जिन परसेंटेज। हां जी, ग्रॉस मार्जिन परसेंटेज ऑन सेल्स कि टोटल सेल वैल्यू, हां, और माइनस टोटल कॉस्ट। ये मेरा क्या आ जाएगा? सर, ग्रॉस मार्जिन परसेंटेज। हां जी। तो हमने ग्रॉस मार्जिन परसेंटेज निकाल लिया। जब मेरे पास ग्रॉस मार्जिन परसेंटेज आ गया, तो मैं अपने क्लोजिंग स्टॉक की कॉस्ट निकाल लूंगा। निकालूंगा। सेलिंग प्राइस में से ग्रॉस मार्जिन माइनस किया, मेरे पास कॉस्ट आ गई। इतना ही सिंपल है। क्वेश्चन करा हूं। फटाफट से देखो। हम ये आपके बुक का सेवंथ इलस्ट्रेशन है। हां जी। अपने कैलकुलेटर, अपने रजिस्टर्स वगैरह सब कुछ खोल के बैठो, फटाफट से सॉल्व कर लेना। फ्रॉम द फॉलोइंग इंफॉर्मेशन, यस, कैलकुलेट द नॉन-हिस्टोरिकल कॉस्ट। क्या उसने आपको ऊपर-ऊपर लिख दिया कि कौन सा मेथड यूज़ करना है? सर, नॉन-हिस्टोरिकल कॉस्ट मतलब सर, सेलिंग प्राइस मेथड, एडजस्टेड सेलिंग प्राइस मेथड। ठीक है। ऑलराइट। अब यहां पे आपके पास है सेल्स ड्यूरिंग द ईयर। ओके। मेरे पास है कॉस्ट ऑफ परचेज। ठीक है। तो यहां पे मेरे पास कोई ओपनिंग स्टॉक वगैरह नहीं है, तो यही मेरी कॉस्ट ऑफ परचेज है। तो जितने भी गुड्स मेरे पास अवेलेबल थे, उसकी कॉस्ट कितनी है? ₹2 लाख। ओपनिंग इन्वेंटरी मेरे पास नहीं है। हां, लेकिन क्लोजिंग इन्वेंटरी आपको दे रखा है सेलिंग प्राइस पे। तो सॉल्व करने से पहले दिमाग क्लिक करेगा, क्या? क्लिक करेगा कि सर जो मेरे पास पूरे साल गुड्स अवेलेबल थे, उसकी कॉस्ट ₹2 लाख। यस। और उस ₹2 लाख का सर, उस ₹2 लाख का जो सेलिंग प्राइस है, वो कितना है? वो है 250000। 250000। एग्जैक्टली। आराम से निकल गया। तो सबसे पहले हमने क्या करा? सेलिंग प्राइस ऑफ गुड्स कितना? 250। कॉस्ट कितनी है? 2 लाख। तो यहां यहां पे हमारा मार्जिन कितना है? 50000। इसको परसेंटेज में कन्वर्ट कर सकते हैं? कर सकते हैं। हमेशा किस पे निकालना है? परसेंटेज ऑन सेल्स कि सेल्स का कितना परसेंटेज है? क्योंकि मेरे पास क्लोजिंग स्टॉक सेल्स प्राइस पे है। ठीक है। तो सेल्स का हमने कैसे निकाला? कि सर 50000। यस। और मेरा टोटल सेलिंग वैल्यू कितना है? 250। बात तो सारी की सारी यही है ना कि ₹2 लाख के गुड्स मैं 250 के बेच रहा हूं, तो मेरे को 50000 का ग्रॉस मार्जिन हो रहा है। हां। तो परसेंटेज में कैसे निकाला? 50/250 * 100%। तो 250 की सेल वैल्यू पे 20% का प्रॉफिट है। तो अगर आपके पास क्लोजिंग स्टॉक की सेल वैल्यू दे रखी है 50000 की, तो 50000 में से 20% हटा दिया। हटा दिया। कितना बचा? 40000। ये आएगा क्वेश्चन पांच नंबर के लिए। एग्जैक्टली, पांच नंबर के लिए। लेकिन, लेकिन, लेकिन। आई होप ये हो गया होगा। लेकिन जो इस टॉपिक का सबसे इंपॉर्टेंट क्वेश्चन है, वो ये वाला है। ये आपको करना ही करना है, करना ही करना है। दैट इज सिक्स्थ इलस्ट्रेशन। हां जी सर, सिक्स्थ इलस्ट्रेशन। अब सुनेंगे मेरी बात ध्यान से। एवरीबॉडी, एवरीबॉडी। हां जी। इस पे थोड़ा ध्यान देंगे। ध्यान देंगे। कुछ बातें यहां पे समझने वाली है, उसको समझेंगे। ठीक है। आ जाओ। कह रहा है एक्वा और जी। ठीक है। दे आर इन रिटेल बिजनेस। जैसे मैंने आपको बताया कि एडजस्टिंग सेलिंग प्राइस मेथड को हम रिटेल बिजनेस के लिए यूज़ करते हैं। फॉलोइंग इंफॉर्मेशन आर अवेलेबल फ्रॉम देयर रिकॉर्ड्स फॉर द ईयर दिस। ठीक है। ऑलराइट। अब आराम से पढ़ते हैं, कोई जल्दबाजी नहीं है। पेन पेपर लेकर बैठो, कैलकुलेटर को लेकर बैठो। क्या बोला यहां पे? गुड्स रिसीव्ड फ्रॉम सप्लायर्स। आपको सप्लायर से गुड्स रिसीव हुए, मतलब परचेज दे रखी है कि मैंने सर परचेज करी। परचेज करी। ठीक है। ब्रैकेट में क्या लिखा है? ब्रैकेट में लिखा है सब्जेक्ट टू ट्रेड डिस्काउंट एंड टैक्सेस। सर, सब्जेक्ट टू ट्रेड डिस्काउंट एंड टैक्सेस का क्या मतलब है दोस्तों? इसका मतलब है कि अभी ट्रेड डिस्काउंट माइनस होना बाकी है, टैक्सेस लगना बाकी है। सब्जेक्ट टू मतलब अभी बाकी है। ठीक है। तो ये 1575000 पे अभी ट्रेड डिस्काउंट माइनस करना है, जीएसटी लगाना है। ट्रेड डिस्काउंट हम पहले माइनस करेंगे, उस पे लगता है जीएसटी। तो पहले हम क्या करेंगे? सर, 1575000 में से 3% का रेट डिस्काउंट माइनस करेंगे। एग्जैक्टली। और फिर लगाएंगे जीएसटी। अब सुनेंगे मेरी बात ध्यान से। सर, जीएसटी वाला पॉइंट एग्जाम में आ सकता है, 100% आ सकता है। अब क्या आपको क्वेश्चन ने ऐसा बताया है कि जीएसटी रिफंडेबल है या नॉन-रिफंडेबल है? नहीं सर। क्या ब्रैकेट में लिखा हुआ है? रिफंडेबल नहीं। तो आप बेटा क्या एज्यूम करके चल रहे हो? इंस्टिट्यूट क्या एज्यूम करके चल रहा है? कि वो नॉन-रिफंडेबल है। पता नहीं क्यों, लेकिन वो एज्यूम करके चल रहा है आंसर्स में तो उन्होंने ऐसा ही किया कि जीएसटी क्या है? सर, नॉन-रिफंडेबल। नॉन-रिफंडेबल का मतलब ये है कि ये आपकी कॉस्ट का पार्ट बनेगा। जो टैक्सेस आप पे कर रहे हो, वो आपकी जेब से जा रहे हैं और वापस नहीं आ रहे हैं। टैक्सेस जेब में से जा रहे हैं और वापस नहीं आ रहे, वापस नहीं आ रहे। सिंपल सी बात है। तो इसका मतलब सर क्या ये कॉस्ट में ऐड होगा? ऐड होगा। ठीक है। ऑलराइट सर। ऑलराइट। उसके बाद आपको एक खर्चा दिया हुआ है पैकिंग एंड ट्रांसपोर्टेशन चार्जेस कि जहां से आप गुड्स खरीद रहे हो, भाई उन्होंने आपके सामान को पैक किया, फिर ट्रांसपोर्टेशन। सर, ये क्या है? दीज़ आर डायरेक्ट एक्सपेंसेस। ऐड करेंगे। ऐड करेंगे। सिंपल सी बात, बत सिंपल सी बात है। तो सबसे पहले आपने क्या निकालना होता है? सबसे पहले जो आपको निकालना होता है कॉस्ट ऑफ गुड्स अवेलेबल फॉर सेल। अवेलेबल फॉर सेल। एग्जैक्टली। तो कॉस्ट ऑफ गुड्स अवेलेबल फॉर सेल निकालेंगे। बिल्कुल निकालेंगे। ऑलराइट सर। ऑलराइट। क्या उसके बाद हम निकालेंगे सेलिंग वैल्यू? सेलिंग वैल्यू। फिर निकालेंगे ग्रॉस मार्जिन? हां जी। मैं एक मिनट का वेट कर रहा हूं। मुझे सब बच्चों से क्लोजिंग स्टॉक की वैल्यू चाहिए। कैलकुलेटर पे सॉल्व करो, रफ में सॉल्व करो और मुझे बताओ कि सर क्लोजिंग स्टॉक की कोई बच्चा स्टडी मैट खोल के नहीं बैठेगा। चैट ऑन कर दिया मैंने। सिर्फ आंसर चाहिए। सिर्फ और सिर्फ मुझे आंसर चाहिए कि आपका क्लोजिंग स्टॉक की वैल्यू कितनी आ रही है। हां जी, जल्दी करेंगे। जल्दी इस क्वेश्चन को सबने सॉल्व करना है। सबने सॉल्व करना है। मैं जब तक पानी पी लूं, सारे बच्चे फटाफट से निकालेंगे। बहुत बढ़िया। मुझे अभी से ही बहुत सारे बच्चों के आंसर्स अलग दिख रहे हैं, मतलब कुछ ना कुछ गड़बड़ हो रही है। हम सर, कुछ तो गड़बड़ हो रही है ना? हां। देखो अभी भी कितने सारे बच्चों के आंसर अलग-अलग आ रहे हैं, तो स्टडी मैट ढंग से नहीं किया ना? फफ उफ उफ फ। तो आओ जरा आओ। हां। बहुत सारे बच्चों के सही भी आ रहे हैं, लेकिन गलत वाले बच्चे भी हैं। तो आराम से समझते हैं बेटा। जो जिन बच्चों का थोड़ा अलग रहा है, एक बार आराम से समझते हैं। आराम से समझते हैं कि हो क्या रहा है। आ जाओ, आ जाओ फटाफट से। आ जाओ। एवरीबडी, एवरीबडी। यस। हां जी। सबसे पहले दोस्तों आपको क्या निकालना है? चलो आराम आराम से करते हैं। ठीक है? ज्यादा जल्दबाजी नहीं है। एक-एक करके आंसर बताओ। कॉस्ट ऑफ गुड्स अवेलेबल फॉर सेल कितना आया? एवरीबॉडी। कॉस्ट ऑफ गुड्स अवेलेबल फॉर सेल कितना आया? जल्दी बताओ, जल्दी। कॉस्ट ऑफ गुड्स अवेलेबल फॉर सेल पहले मुझे ये बताओ, क्योंकि जिन बच्चों के आंसर्स गलत आ रहे हैं, एक बार आइडेंटिफिकेशन हुए। मुझे गुड्स रिसीव हुए हैं बेटा। इधर देखो, इधर फोकस करो। मुझे गुड्स रिसीव हुए हैं 1575000 के। करेक्ट बोल रहा हूं मैं? करेक्ट बोल रहा हूं। ठीक है। आपको इसके बाद क्या करना है? सुन लो मेरी बात ध्यान से। इसके बाद हमें क्या करना है? 3% का ट्रेड डिस्काउंट माइनस करना है। सर, 1575000। यस। हमने माइनस करा 3%। हमने माइनस करा 3%。 एग्जैक्टली। जब मैंने माइनस करा 3%, तो क्या आ गया? सर हमारा आ गया, हमारा आ गया क्या? सर हमारा आ गया 1528235। सर, 1528235। एग्जैक्टली। नो प्रॉब्लम। यस। क्या मेरे को जीएसटी ऐड करना होगा? सर, जीएसटी ऐड करना होगा। तो इस पे हम लगाएंगे बेटा जो मेरा ट्रेड डिस्काउंट माइनस के बाद आ रहा है, इस पे मैं लगाऊंगा 11% का जीएसटी। क्या लगाऊंगा? 11% का जीएसटी। तो मैंने 11% जैसे ही ऐड करा, सर, जैसे ही ऐड करा, मेरा 11% ऐड करने के बाद क्या आ गया? 1696341। क्या आपका ये आ रहा है? एवरीबॉडी। हर्ष ब्लॉक हो जाओगे बेटा। हम 1696341, 341। ये आया? बिल्कुल आया। फिर मैंने आपको क्या बताया? पैकिंग एंड ट्रांसपोर्टेशन को प्लस करना है। हां जी, + 87500। तो दोस्तों आपका आंसर आना चाहिए 1783841। फटाफट से चेक करेंगे। जिन बच्चों का अलग आ रहा है बेटा अभी-अभी आईडेंटिफाई करो, कहां मिस्टेक हो रही है? अपने नोट्स में लिखो, कहां गलती करी है। इन्हीं 3 घंटे में इन्वेंटरी खत्म करना है। कुछ भी करके। हम अच्छे से क्या आया हमारा आंसर? 1783841। जिन भी बच्चों का अलग आया था बेटा, क्यों आया था? सिंपल सी कैलकुलेशन थी। उसके बाद मुझे क्या निकालना होता है कि जितने मेरे पास गुड्स है, उसकी टोटल सेल वैल्यू कितनी है? सर, टोटल सेल वैल्यू कितनी है? एग्जैक्टली। तो टोटल सेल वैल्यू हमने कैसे निकाली? आपको यहां पे दे रखी है कि टोटल सेल्स आपने कितनी करी है? एग्जैक्टली। टोटल सेल्स कितनी करी है? फिर आपको ये दे रखा है कि क्लोजिंग इन्वेंटरी की सेल वैल्यू कितनी है? हां जी, बिल्कुल सही। तो क्या मेरे को इन दोनों को प्लस करना होगा? क्या मेरी टोटल सेल वैल्यू आ जाएगी? बोलो हां या ना। सर, क्या इन दोनों को प्लस करते ही हमारे पास दोनों की सेल वैल्यू आ जाएगी? सेल वैल्यू आ जाएगी। बोलो फटाफट से। हां जी, यस। आ जाएगी। तो 2245500 + 235000। करेक्ट है? एवरीबडी, एवरीबॉडी। 2480500। फैंटास्टिक। तो बेटा इसके बाद तो क्वेश्चन आपका सिंपल हो जाएगा। हां या ना। सर, 2480 हां जी, 500। करेक्ट बात है। 2480500। इसके बाद ये आपकी कॉस्ट ऑफ गुड्स अवेलेबल फॉर सेल है। हां जी, बिल्कुल सही। तो मुझे बताओ बेटा क्या आसानी से आपका ग्रॉस मार्जिन आ गया? इन दोनों को माइनस करते ही आपका क्या आ गया? ग्रॉस मार्जिन, व्हिच इज 696659। यस। लेकिन मेरे को तो परसेंटेज में कन्वर्ट करना है। हां जी, करना है। तो 696659 टोटल कितनी सेल्स पे हो रहा है? सर, इतनी सेल्स पे हो रहा है। तो इसको डिवाइड कर दो। इसको डिवाइड कर दो। ये आपका क्या आ गया? सर, ये आपका आ गया 28.09। क्या हमने इसको राउंड ऑफ किया है? राउंड ऑफ किया है। 696659 / 248500। करेक्ट बात है। तो हमने इसको राउंड ऑफ किया, राउंड ऑफ किया 28.09। 28.09। सिंपल सी बात, बहुत सिंपल सी बात है बेटा। पहले जीएसटी ऐड करेंगे, उसके बाद पैकिंग ट्रांसपोर्टेशन ऐड करेंगे ना? 28.09%。 यस। तो इसका मतलब क्या हो गया? जो आपके पास क्लोजिंग स्टॉक की सेलिंग वैल्यू है, इसमें से मेरे को 28.09% माइनस करना है। हां जी। आंसर आना चाहिए 168989। बेटा, क्वेश्चन ये वाला इंपॉर्टेंट है, इसलिए थोड़ा सा टाइम लेकर करवाया है। जल्दी से मुझे बताएंगे क्या अब सबका आंसर आ गया? इसके बाद आगे चलते हैं फटाफट से। मुझे बताएंगे क्या सबका आंसर आ गया? ऑल राइट। वेरी गुड। फैंटास्टिक, फैंटास्टिक, फैंटास्टिक, फैंटास्टिक। ओके, ओके। हां जी। ऑलराइट। चैट ऑफ कर रहा हूं। चैट ऑफ कर रहा हूं। जल्दी से आएंगे नेक्स्ट पे। नेक्स्ट पे बेटा जितना अभी मैंने डिटेल में बताया ना, हां, उतना ही डिटेल में कर सकते हैं। उससे ज्यादा वन शॉट या फिर ये रिवीजन क्लास में तो नहीं हो सकता है। फिर तो आप जाके एग्जाम में आ चुका है, 100% आ चुका है। मैंने बेटा अपने जो ये कोर्स के नोट्स हैं हमारे ना तो उसमें लिखवाया था इंपॉर्टेंट। तो इसका मतलब समझ लो कितना इंपॉर्टेंट है। तो आओ। क्या बोलता है? कह रहा है फ्रॉम द फॉलोइंग पार्टिकुलर्स। ठीक है। एस्टिमेट द वैल्यू ऑफ इन्वेंटरीज़। नो प्रॉब्लम। मुझे इन्वेंटरी की वैल्यू निकालनी है। निकालनी है, निकाल लेंगे। क्या दिक्कत है? अब यहां पे देखते हैं कि सर इन्वेंटरी की जो वैल्यू निकालनी है, कैसे निकालनी है? एडजस्टेड सेलिंग प्राइस मेथड। तो दो क्वेश्चन थे, कर लिए, वो खत्म हो गया। अब ये जो क्वेश्चन है, उसको ध्यान से देखो। यहां पे आपको ओपनिंग स्टॉक दे रखा है। बिल्कुल दे रखा है। ठीक है। आपके पास परचेज है। परचेज है। आपके पास मैन्युफैक्चरिंग एक्सपेंसेस है। हां जी, बिल्कुल सही। उसके बाद एक चीज का ध्यान रखना जो ये सेलिंग एक्सपेंसेस है, एडमिनिस्ट्रेटिव, फाइनेंशियल चार्जेस। क्या ये मेरे इन्वेंटरी का पार्ट बनते हैं? द आंसर इज एब्सलूटली नॉट। सर, इन्वेंटरी का पार्ट क्या है? जो कॉस्ट हम बात कर रहे हैं, कॉस्ट में क्या आता है? गुड्स परचेज किए हैं। यस, या आपने मैन्युफैक्चर करे हैं, उस टाइम के खर्चे। सर, ये बेचने वाले खर्चे हैं। ये इन्वेंटरी के कॉस्ट में नहीं आते। एडमिनिस्ट्रेटिव का मतलब होता है ऑफिस वाले खर्चे। आपने किसी एंप्लॉई को सैलरी दी है, चाय पानी का खर्चा हो गया, एडमिनिस्ट्रेटिव खर्चे। ठीक है। फाइनेंशियल चार्जेस, कोई लोन पे इंटरेस्ट वगैरह हो गया। ये मेरे क सर, ये आपको गुमराह करने के लिए है। ये साजिश है आपको परेशान करने की। हम कंफ्यूज नहीं होंगे। सिंपल सी बात है। तो इन तीनों को तो इग्नोर मार देने का। हां। यहां पे आपको दे रखी है सेल्स। तो सबसे पहले जब आपने ये तीन चीजें पढ़ी, इन तीन चीजों को पढ़ के दिमाग में क्या आना चाहिए? कि अईला, एक चीज तो यहां पे फटाफट से निकाल लेंगे हम। क्या निकालेंगे? जिसको हम बोलते हैं कॉस्ट ऑफ गुड्स अवेलेबल फॉर सेल। सर, कॉस्ट ऑफ गुड्स हां जी, अवेलेबल फॉर सेल। मैंने आपको अभी समझाया। कॉस्ट ऑफ गुड्स अवेलेबल फॉर सेल का मतलब क्या होता है? कॉस्ट ऑफ गुड्स अवेलेबल फॉर सेल का मतलब होता है कि पूरे साल में जो भी आपके पास गुड्स अवेलेबल थे, उसकी कॉस्ट कितनी है। यही बात है ना? हां जी, यही बात है। तो ओपनिंग स्टॉक, हां, जो आपने परचेज किया, यस, उसके ऊपर मैन्युफ

I reduce it, or there could be any reason, so I reduced it. Yes, so this means that now the stock, which is the goods, was worth ₹32,500. Yes, and this ₹32,500 is included in my opening stock. That's all there is to it. That's what he's telling you. Read it again. Read it again. Sir, sir, sir, on March 31, 2021, on March 31, 2021, a sum of ₹17,500 was written off. You reduced the value on a particular item that you purchased for ₹50. So, we understand that in my opening stock, yes, there is stock that is actually worth ₹32,500. No problem. No problem. Okay. He says, "was sold during the year for ₹45." So, he just wants to tell you that you sold this ₹32,500 stock for ₹45,000. Oh, he mentioned this. He mentioned it. No problem. Then he says, "barring this transaction." This means except this transaction. What does barring the transaction mean? That is, excluding this transaction, the gross profit earned during the year was 20% on sales. Now, listen carefully, kids. Why was this long story told to you? Tell me. Tell me. What do I have to do? Subtract the gross profit from the sales. Subtract it. But what were you told? Sir, this transaction was mentioned. Actually, we will call this transaction an anomaly, sir. Why? What did he tell you? Except this transaction, on all the goods you sold, there was a profit of 20%. There wasn't a 20% profit on this transaction. You see, ₹45,000 was the sale. What is 20% of this? ₹9000? Did you make a profit of ₹9000? No, sir, more than that. So, what was said? This is abnormal sales. This is called a normal transaction, or rather abnormal sales. Sir, what do we have to do? Kids, listen carefully to me. First, I explained to you that we have to find out the cost of goods available for sale. We have found it out. Now, the second challenge before me is the COGS, cost of goods sold. Now, the system of calculating COGS is very simple. Subtract the profit from your sales. Now, the interesting thing is that we will divide the sales into two parts. One, what will I call it? Normal sales. One, which we'll call normal, one which we will call abnormal. Why? The profit on both sales is different. What does normal sales mean, friends? You have made total sales of ₹1,24,500. Exactly, sir. We made total sales of ₹1,45,000. But friends, out of this, one sale that you made for ₹45,000, I will consider it an anomaly. Why? Because the profit on this is anomalous. The rest of the transactions, the rest of my ₹1 lakh sales, had a 20% profit. Sir, the rest had a 20% profit. Exactly. Only this one transaction is where we did not have a 20% profit. No. So, look, here are my sales. Now, if I subtract the gross profit from them, it will be 20% profit on ₹1 lakh sales. So, is a profit of ₹24,000 correct? So, ₹12 lakh sales, ₹240,000 profit. Easily, what have you got? COGS. Sir, we will calculate COGS here. It will come. Exactly, it will come. So, ₹12 lakh - ₹240,000, this comes to ₹9,60,000. The matter is finished. Now, for the ₹45,000 sale, is it clearly visible to you that you made a profit of ₹12,500? Yes, sir, a profit of ₹12,500. Therefore, you know that your cost was ₹32,500. Will the COGS come by adding both of these? COGS will come, and we will subtract the COGS. The question was very simple. It was a small concept. So, how do we present it? Look, our main answer is this small, sir. Our main answer is very simple: calculate the cost of goods available for sale. Subtract COGS from it. To calculate this, we made separate working notes on how we calculated the cost of goods available for sale, as I had told you. Add opening stock plus purchases plus your manufacturing expenses. Adding these three, you get the cost of goods available for sale. When we calculated COGS, how to calculate COGS? We will subtract gross profit from sales. Sir, we have to subtract the gross profit. Now, in the gross profit, I took two different transactions, normal sales, and abnormal sales. Brother, in one place, I am getting a gross profit of ₹240,000. Yes, in one place, it is ₹12,500. Look here, sir. One is ₹240,000 for me. Yes, one is ₹12,500. This is my total gross profit. Correct? I can subtract it from the sales. I can also show it like this, sir. Our presentation, kids, you can show the presentation however you want. It doesn't make any difference. Okay. So, we subtracted COGS. We subtracted it. Our answer came. I think I have explained everything to you quite correctly. But tell me, did you understand? Every [music] buddy, quickly tell me if you understood. It's an important question. It's an important question, guys. It's an important question. Yes. Someone said that you can also do it by making a trading account. You can, kid. I don't do it that way, but you can. Everything is remembered. It will come, kid. Why won't it come? Okay. [music] Why didn't you add ₹17,500, Bholū? Why would you add ₹17,500? Okay, kid. Your method can change. No problem. The answer should be the same. The answer should be the same. Absolutely. Okay. I am turning off the chat. I saw a couple of doubts. Let me quickly repeat it once, and then I will move on. Come on, guys. Come on. Hey, listen, guys. Let me tell you again. Wait. Yes, guys, listen carefully. First of all, you should understand what your main concept is. Yes, sir. What is the main concept? The main concept is this simple: you have to calculate the cost of goods available for sale, which we easily calculated. There is no problem in this. I have to subtract COGS from this. Now, friends, there are many ways to calculate COGS. One method that I have presented to you is, sir, how much is your total sales? ₹2,45,000. Subtract whatever gross profit you made on this ₹2,45,000. Are you getting my point? Sir, this is my total sales. Subtract GP from the total sales, and you will get the answer. Now, how to calculate GP? The information given below was this: usually, there is a profit of 20% on all sales, but there is one transaction that was anomalous. ₹17,500 was written off. This is last year's story. Right now, last year, what did you do? Last year, you made a purchase of ₹50,000, and you wrote it off by ₹17,500. So, sir, this means its cost is ₹32,500, and you have included it in your opening stock. So, it is there. If the goods remain with me, then it is included. So, what was told to you? This was only told to confuse you. The main point is that there is stock in my opening stock, sir, which is worth ₹32,500. Simple. You sold it for how much? You sold it for ₹45,000. Simple. So, what did I do? I did this, sir. The total sales are ₹1,24,500. Yes, and what do I have to do with ₹1,24,500? I have to subtract the gross profit. So, how did I calculate the gross profit? I calculated it like this: sir, there are two types of sales in this total sales. One that is abnormal and one that is normal. Or you can simply do it as I showed here. Sir, my total sales are ₹1,24,500. Exactly. Subtract the total gross profit from this. Now, how will you calculate the total gross profit? It's very simple. Sir, in ₹1,24,500, separate the ₹45,000 sale that you sold as an anomaly. Yes. So, separate the ₹45,000 item, and calculate the remaining ₹12 lakh. So, on ₹12 lakh, there was a 20% profit. So, there was a gross profit of ₹2,40,000 on it. And kid, what was the cost of that abnormal item you sold? It was ₹32,500. Sold for how much, sir? ₹45,000. So, how much profit did you make on it? ₹12,500. Kid, when you add both of these, what will you get? Total gross profit. As I told you, if we subtract the total gross profit from the sales, we will get COGS. That's it. It's done. If you have read a different presentation somewhere else and have done something else, there is no problem. Trading account, whatever you want to do, what difference does it make? Okay. I hope this is clear. It has become clear. I have repeated it many times. Sir, this much repetition is possible in this series. So, this was a one-of-a-kind question, which is important. It is also a previous year question. As I told you, we will also practice previous year questions separately. But the same question has already appeared in your exam. Now, friends, after this, all the children will leave behind what happened in the previous question. Yes, and now come to inventory taking. This is probably the most important topic in this chapter. Right. We will read it comfortably. We will read it comfortably. It will take an hour and a half. So, listen carefully. First of all, inventory pen, paper, kids, put everything down. Look at it according to your own method. We have had an hour now, and in an hour, we have covered a lot. Okay. And think for yourself, kid, that it is so easy for you to pass, isn't it? Because more than half of the children cannot sit down and study properly. You see yourself. 200 children flew away like this. Okay. Those who joined at the beginning, 200 children have flown away like this because not all children can study. So, it is your advantage if you can sit down and study for three or four hours comfortably, then you are already clearing it. Okay. So, sit down calmly and study. Our topic is, sir, inventory taking. Inventory taking means, sir, inventory taking means physical counting. What does inventory taking mean? That when I am doing the physical counting of my stock, how are we calculating the value of the stock here? You had done the physical counting of your goods. Unfortunately, you could not do it on March 31. You could not do it on March 31. Suppose, brother, you had a wedding on March 31. Okay. If there is a wedding on March 31, will you do the counting? No. So, what did you do? You did the counting either before March 31 or after March 31. Yes. Now, what do we have to do? We have to calculate the stock of March 31. So, we will have to do some adjustments. So, how to do the adjustments? See carefully. For example, Tina had a wedding. Okay. So, Tina got whatever she got done. What did she get done, sir? Stock taking was done before the end of the accounting year. Sir, it was done before March 31. Listen calmly. Okay. Let's say it was done on March 25th. Sir, when was it done? On March 25th. How much was it done for, sir? For ₹1 lakh. So, when you had stock lying in your godown, in your warehouse, you counted it. There was stock worth ₹1 lakh, but this is for March 25th. Now, I have to calculate for March 31st. So, it's very simple. We will add whatever goods you may have purchased after March 25th until March 31st. From March 25th to March 31st, whatever goods you purchased, do this. Add it. This is right. Right. And subtract the COGS of whatever goods you sold. Sir, we will subtract only COGM, right? The cost comes in the inventory. Kid, the selling price doesn't come. Okay. So, we will subtract COGS. Exactly. So, plus purchases, minus COGS. This is the simple thing. Suppose, suppose. Yes, sir. Whatever you purchased after March 25th until March 31st, how much have you written? ₹30,000. You will have the invoice. Yes. How many goods did you purchase? So, you purchased goods worth ₹30,000. Exactly. So, you added it. If, after March 25th. Yes, sir. You sold something until March 31st. We will subtract it because that stock is not mine. Now, it has gone to the customer. So, subtract its COGS. We subtracted it. Suppose. Now you know that you sold goods worth ₹50,000. I need the COGS from sales. What will we do? We will subtract GP from sales. COGS will come. So, we subtracted ₹40,000 COGS. Your stock of March 31st has come. Which stock is this? This is the one I show in trading. I show it in the trading account, right? Closing stock. This has come. Okay, sir. It could also happen that you made an adjustment after March 31st. That is, you did the physical counting after March 31st. Yes, sir. It is quite possible that you did the physical counting after March 31st. Then what will you do? Suppose, for example, you did it on April 5th. You did the counting of the godown on April 5th. But I want it on March 31st. So, we will remove the transactions from after March 31st to April 5th. Sir, we will eliminate the transactions from after March 31st to April 5th. Yes. For example, if you purchased any goods after March 31st. Now, you have purchased goods. So, it will be in this. Yes, it will be in this. So, remove it. So, we will subtract it. Sir, we have subtracted the purchase. Yes. Now, the goods that were on March 31st, but suppose they were sold after March 31st, right? So, they are not in this. They are not in this. So, add it back. The goods that were on March 31st. So, we will add the COGM of whatever sales you made from after March 31st to April 5th. We will add it. It's a simple matter. So, this is our general concept. Now, we are going to do questions. We are going to do questions. Okay. So, I have written a formula here. What is written? Sir, if, if, if you have done stock taking before the end of the accounting year, then there is a very simple method. Brother, you have to add purchases. It is very logical. Okay. And subtract COGS. Here, it is the opposite. Here, it is the opposite. It will be better understood when we do the questions. Exactly. We. Okay. I have taken an example here. Let's look at the example first, sir. It's a small example. Yes, all the children look at the example once. So, what does the example say? Suppose, suppose you have physical stock of April 10th. So, you did the physical counting on April 10th. Yes. How much did you do it for? For ₹1,40,000. No problem. Now, it means, first of all, make a picture in your mind that if, if, if the physical stock of April 10th is given, I have to calculate the stock of March 31st. I have to go backward. What does backward mean? I have to subtract whatever purchases I made between April 1st and April 10th. Yes. And whatever sales I have made, I have to add them. That is, add COGS. The first thing is that this should click. Without this, it won't work. Is it clear? Yes. Which is how much? ₹2,50,000. So, our starting figure is ₹2,50,000. ₹2,50,000. No problem. Okay. After this, see. Again, we read the question carefully. It says, "It was found that sales are entered in the sales book on the same day of dispatch." Now, this entire paragraph is to confuse. Read carefully. It says, "I write the sales in the sales book when your goods are dispatched." Dispatch means when your goods leave your business premises, your warehouse. For the goods to reach the customer's home, the goods leave, right? Yes. On that day, you record the sales. Okay. And return inwards. Return inwards means sales return. Everyone knows. Return inwards, in the return book, as and when the goods are received back. So, this means, it says, "I record sales when the goods leave from here." Okay. So, it does not record sales on an invoice basis. It says so, right? Generally, what happens is that as soon as you give the invoice to the customer, you record it. All right. Okay. It may be that the goods are going to the customer later, but we record it. But here, he specifically said that I record sales when the goods are dispatched. When the goods are dispatched, that is, they leave from here. They leave. No problem. And return inwards. I record sales returns when the goods come back to me. There is no problem in this either. Then what does it say? Purchases. Now, focus here. Purchases are entered in the purchase book once the invoices are received. Sir, when do I record purchases? When I receive the invoice. Which means that you purchased the goods. Okay. The other person gave you the invoice. Okay. But you have not yet received the goods. Still, you record the purchase. This is the meaning, right? That when do I record purchases, sir? On an invoice basis. I purchased the goods. I purchased them from the other person. He gave me the invoice. As soon as I receive the invoice, I record the purchase. I have not yet received the goods. No problem. I will get them later. Okay. All right. So, this paragraph will not have any special meaning. Going ahead, what does it say? Now, listen carefully. It was found that sales between March 31st and April 9th. Yes. According to the sales book, that is ₹17,200. You have been given the sales. Given. All right. All right. No problem, sir. No problem. Now, tell me one thing, sir. You have the sales. Yes. We can calculate COGS. We can calculate. We will calculate. We will calculate. No problem. Wait. Sir, if I take my starting figure, how much is my starting figure? ₹2,50,000. ₹2,50,000. Yes. And I have come to know that I have to add COGS, right? Okay. You have sales. Yes. We will talk about GP later. We will do that later. After this, what does it say? Purchases. Yes. Purchases have been given to you. As per purchase book, are ₹1,20,000. Now, this is the most important line of this question. It says, "purchases as per purchase book." When do we record in the purchase book? When the invoice is received. Okay. Out of these goods

Amounting to 500 were not received. Ants taken. Kya bola isne? Kah raha hai, dekho aapne purchase book mein record kar liya 1200 ki purchases. All right, sir. Lekin 1200 mein se 500 ke goods aapko 9th April tak mile hi nahin hai. Abhi bhi goods aapke seller ke paas hai, saamne wale vendor ke paas hai, supplier ke paas hai. Mere ko nahin mile, mere ko nahin mile. Iski discussion karenge. Achcha theek hai. Phir kya bolta hai? Goods invoice during the month. Achcha March. Out of kya hai sir? Goods invoice during the month of March. Goods received only on 4th April. To invoice during the month ka matlab kya ho gaya? Purchase ki aapne jo goods purchase kare hain. Kis mein sir? Purchase kare March mein. Invoice aapko kab mila? March mein. Lekin goods aapko receive kab hue? 4th April ko. Theek hai. All right. Amounting to 1000. Aur yahaan pe aapke paas GP de rakha hai kitna? Itna. Bahut saare bachchon ko ismein question mein bahut dikkat hoti hai. To aaram se samjhenge, time leke samjhenge, koi dikkat wali baat nahin hai. Ab yahaan pe sabse pehle jo hamaare maths ke dost hain, theek hai jinaki maths meri jaisi hai matlab bahut hi zyada achchhi, unke liye main yahaan pe samjha deta hoon ki 33 1/3. Haan, on cost. Iska matlab hota hai 1/3. Jo yeh percentage mein aapko de rakha hai na, 33 1/3%, isko fraction mein kya bolte hain? 1/3 on cost. Ab yahaan pe problem kya hai? Problem yeh hoti hai ki jab aapko gross profit ka fraction ya gross profit ka percentage cost pe de rakha hai, mujhe usko sales pe nikaalna padega. Sir matlab? Arre baba, mere ko jab CGS nikaalna hai, theek hai to main CGS kaise nikalu? Aapke paas sales hai. Sales hai. Sales kitni hai sir? Sales hai 17200. Theek hai. Mere ko kya karna hai? Mere ko ismein se GP minus karna hai. Sahi baat hai. To beta gross profit kis pe nikalu? Sales pe na ki 17200 ka kitna profit hai? Ismein kitna profit hai? Lekin aapko de rakha hai cost ka. To ab saare bachche, yes. Maths ka beta ek simple sa rule hota hai agar aapko fraction de rakhi hai cost ki, saare bachche sun lo. 1/3 of cost. Haan ji. Agar aapko ise sales mein convert karna hai, mujhe sales ka chahiye, mujhe sales ka chahiye. To beta agar mujhe isko sales mein convert karna hai to bada simple sa ek formula hota hai ya shortcut hota hai. Majority bachchon ko pata bhi hoga, jinko nahin pata hai sun lo. Ham jitna aapka yahaan pe numerator hai, utna hi numerator yahaan pe bhi hoga. Matlab one, haan one. Aur jitna numerator aur denominator aa raha hai isko plus karo, isko plus karo. Kitna aaya? Four. Yes. Yeh aapka 1/4 of sales hai. Kya baat kar rahe ho? Haan. To agar aapka profit 1/3 of cost hai to 1/4 of sales hai. Agar aapko kuchh aur example lene hain, jaise maan lo yeh 1/5 hota, exactly, to aap kitna likhte? 1/6 of sales. Agar yeh hota aapka 2/7 to yeh aata 2/9. Samajh gaye? Samajh gaye? All right sir. All right. Theek hai. I think aapko pata hi hoga lekin theek hai. To iska matlab kya hai doston ki agar 17200 ki sales hai to ispe 1/4. Sir 1/4 kitna hota hai? 1/4 aapka ho jata hai 4300. To 4300 ka aapka gross profit hai. Right? Yes. To yeh aapka CGS aa gaya. Aapka CGS aa gaya. Bilkul aa gaya. Aur CGS humne add karna hai, which is 12900. Saara ka saara khel purchase ka hai. Sales ka to hai nahin, purchase ka hai. Aur doston question ki requirement kya hai? Dhyan se padho. Question ki requirement hai the value of physical stock as on 31st March. To abhi tak aapne jitne bhi questions kare the, un sab mein questions mein likha hua tha value of stock. Kya likha hua tha? Value of stock. Yahaan physical stock hai. Haan. To physical stock ka matlab yeh hai ki aapse yeh puchh raha hai ki 31st March ko physically aapke paas kitna stock pada hua tha. To ab suno meri baat dhyan se. Aapko pata hai ki jitni bhi aapne purchases kari hain, yes sir. Jo purchase aapne kab se kab tak kari hain? 1st April se 9th April tak. Correct hai. Yeh purchase aapko minus karni hai. Lekin beta thoda sa dimaag lagao. Kyun minus karni hai? Saare bachche idhar focus karo. Kyun minus karni hai? Kyunki sir woh purchase aapke is wale amount mein included hogi na. Bhai yeh 240000 mera starting point hai. Yeh jo starting point hai yeh kya hai? Yeh bhi mera physical stock hai. Inventory taking ka matlab kya hota hai? Physical stock. Haan ji sir. Kab ka physical stock hai? 9th April ka. 9th April ka physical stock hai. Right? Theek hai. Sahi baat hai. To mujhe ismein se purchase minus karni hai. To beta socho main kaun si purchase minus karunga? Main woh wali purchase minus karunga jo purchase ismein included hai. Baat khatam. Sir wahi minus karenge na? Exactly. Ab suno meri baat dhyan se. Everybody dhyan se meri baat sunenge. Ab idhar dekho kya bola isne ki jo aapne purchase kari hai 31st March ke baad aur 9th April tak. Haan ji. Woh hai 500 ki. Invoice aapko mila 1200 ka lekin 500 ke goods aapko deliver nahin hue. To think about it. Think about it ki sir, haan ji. Is 250000 mein kitni purchase aapki included hai? 500 ki purchase included hai. Aapne 1st April ke baad 1200 ki purchase kari hai lekin yeh 500 ki purchase mein se 500 ke goods to mile hi nahin hai. Haan. To 700 ki included hai na? Exactly. To main 700 hi minus karunga na. Aap jo bhi 1st April ke baad purchase kar rahe ho woh mujhe minus hi karni hai. Haan lekin kyun minus karni hai? Kyunki aapne jo physical counting kari hai goods ki usmein woh included hogi. Ab agar included hi 700 hai, 700 minus karenge. Bilkul sahi baat hai. Simple sa concept hai. Uske baad jo aapki agli purchase hai yeh interesting hai. Yeh interesting kyun hai ki aapne purchase kab kari hai? March mein. Now think about it. Aapne March mein purchase kar liya. No problem sir. Theek hai. All right sir. All right. Kya yeh 31st March ko aapke paas goods the? Nahin the. Kyun? Kyunki goods aapko 4th April ko mile hain. Pehle socho dhyan se ki sir maine jab purchases kari, theek hai, maine purchase kari March mein. Fantastic. Theek hai. Kya yeh goods aapke paas 31st March ko the? Nahin the. Aapko nikaalna kya hai? Aapko nikaalna hai physical stock on 31st March. Kya yeh 50000 ke goods 31st March ko aapke paas the? Nahin the. Lekin jab aapne 9th April ko physical counting kari, kya tab the? Haan the. Kyun? Kyunki yeh 4th April ko mile. 4th April ka matlab kya hai ki 31st March ke baad mile. Yes. Lekin 9th April tak aapko mil chuke the. Jab 9th April tak aapko mil chuke hain to bhai 9th April ki physical counting mein aa chuke honge. Haan. To kya yeh ₹50000 mein 50000 wale goods include hain? Bilkul include hain. Lekin ab question yeh aata hai ki kya 31st March ke physical stock mein count karna hai? Nahin karna. Kyunki the hi nahin. To kya yeh 1000 bhi minus honge? Ismein aap koi formula apply nahin kar sakte, sirf aur sirf concept apply ho sakta hai. Kya formula apply karoge? Kya yaad karoge? Nahin kar sakte. Last wala point dobara repeat kar raha hoon. Saare bachche dhyan se sunenge. Purchase ka point hai. Purchase ka point hai. Theek hai. Pehle to question ki requirement kya hai? Pehle woh samjho. Yahaan pe value of stock nahin hai. Agar value of stock hota to kya karte? Aapse puchhunga main. Theek hai sir. Value of physical stock hai. Value of physical stock ka matlab yeh hai ki mujhe yeh batana hai ki 31st March ko mere paas physically kitne stock available the. Theek hai. Mere ko 9th April ka physical stock de rakha hai. To iska matlab kya hai sir ki 1st April ke baad 9th April tak jo bhi mere ko goods physically receive hue hain woh mere ko minus karne hain. Think about it. Sales ka to simple funda hai, usko to chhod do. Purchase ki baat karo ki agar maine 1st April ke baad koi goods purchase karein aur woh purchase kare hue goods mere 250 mein aa rahe hain to kya mujhe usko hatana hai? Hatana hai. Kyun hatana hai? Kyunki woh 31st March ko nahin the. To aapko bola gaya tha ki 500 ke goods jo hain, yes sir. Aapne purchase kare lekin ismein se aapko 500 ke goods 9th April tak nahin mile. To baba 250000 mein to sirf 500 hi ke goods include hain. Haan ji. To 500 hatane hain. 700 hatane hain? Hata diya. Iske baad sabse interesting point to yeh last wala hai ki aapne goods March mein purchase kar liye. To beta March mein agar purchase kar liye to main aapse agar yeh puchhun ki 31st March ko kya yeh goods aapke the? Haan mere the. Lekin kya physically aapke paas hain? Nahin. Physically mere paas nahin hai. In goods ki ownership mere paas hai. Agar maine purchase kar liye to physically mere paas nahin hai lekin ownership mere paas hai. To agar aapko yahaan pe stock nikaalna hota to treatment alag hota jo abhi discuss karenge. Lekin aapko nikaalna hai physical stock. To kya 31st March ko mere paas physically the? Nahin the. To to mere ko apne 31st March ke stock mein count nahin karne. Pehli baat to yeh samjho ki 31st March ke stock mein physical stock mein count nahin karne kyuki the hi nahin. Woh mujhe bol raha hai ki goods mile 4th April ko. Kya yeh 50000 ke goods aapke 9th April mein count ho gaye honge? Ho gaye honge. To hatana padega na? Hatana padega. To iska matlab physical stock aapka aaya 250. Yeh beta presentation nahin hai yeh to rough mein ki hai. Presentation main aapko pehle bata chuka hoon. -700 -1000 = 249200. To pehle to mujhe bachche yeh batao ki yeh answer aapko samajh mein aa gaya? Kyunki beta isse zyada main explain nahin kar paunga. Already maine bahut explain kar diya. Pehle yeh batao phir ham padhenge value of stock hota to kya hota. Everybody, everybody, everybody. Yes. Fatafat se batao. Haan. 9th ke baad 9th ke baad jo hota usko to ignore hi karte. Sabne bola aa gaya. Bahut badhiya. Purchase minus hi to kiya beta. 700 minus kiya, 1000 minus kiya hai. Theek hai. Prince agar woh wale goods March mein aa gaye hote to kuchh na karte phir to woh mere physical stock mein count hone hi the aur 9th April wale mein count already ho rakhe hain to ignore marte. Theek hai. All right. All right. Fantastic. Theek hai. Ab saare bachche dhyan se meri baat sunenge. Main beta pehle hi bata chuka hoon aapko. Theek hai. Suno meri baat dhyan se. Pehle hi bata chuka hoon ki idhar-udhar ki baaten mujhe pasand nahin hai. Fatafat se aa jao. Ham guys idhar ao, idhar, idhar. Yes. Ab yeh sabko samajh mein aa gaya? Haan ji. Sabko samajh mein aa gaya. Ab mujhe batao beta agar question mein sirf itna likha hota, kya likha hota ki value of stock nikaalna hai to kya karte? Guys fatafat se mujhe batayenge ki agar, agar value of stock nikaalna hota, value of stock nikaalna hota to kya karte? Kya karte guys? Kya karte? Value of stock nikaalna hota to kya karte? Sabne kya bola? Sabne kya bola? Jaldhi bolo, jaldhi. Arre beta jab kuchh mention nahin hai to stock nikaalna hai jaise pehle wale question mein stock nikaalna tha, stock nikalenge. Sabne kya bola? Sir 1000 ko add karte. Ignore karte. Chalo aa jao. Chat ko off kar raha hoon. Idhar ao, idhar ao, idhar aa. Dekho isse pata chal raha hai ki abhi to study maths dhng se nahin hua hai. Fatafat se aa jao. Fatafat se aa jao. Achcha kisi bachche ne bola hai ki aap bahut jaldi padha rahe ho. Beta iska matlab yeh hai ki aap bahut late ho sach. Agar aapko sunna hai to kyuki yeh agar aapko jaldi lag raha hai itni baar cheezein repeat kar raha hoon, itni baar cheezein repeat kar raha hoon aur yeh jaldi lag raha hai to beta phir to aapka attempt aa ne wala hai May mein kyuki kya hi bolun yaar kya padhai karte hain bachche. Idhar suno meri baat dhyan se guys. Yes. Value of stock nikaalna hai. Haan ji. Value of stock nikaalna hai to sabse pehle samjho ki sir value of stock ka matlab yeh hai ki ownership ki bhai woh wale goods jinki ownership mere paas hai. Fark kiska padega? Fark padega sirf yeh last wale ka theek hai ki aapne March mein goods purchase kiye. Aap aapko bas ek hi question ke baare mein sochna hai. Kya yeh 31st March ko mere goods the? The answer is yes. Kya 31st March ko mere goods the? The answer is absolutely yes sir. Haan yeh mere goods the. The na? Aapko receive kab hue? Receive hue 4th of April ko. Sir receive kab hue? 4th April ko. Theek hai. Koi dikkat nahin hai. Pehla question kya 31st March ke goods mein count karna hai? The answer is yes. 31st March ke goods mein count karna hai. Ab mujhe ek baat batao. Ek baat batao. Kya yeh wale goods aapke 250 mein included hain? Haan hain. 31st March ko bhi included hone hain? Hone hain. To beta ignore marte na phir to hum. Sir phir hum isko ignore marte. Ignore marte aur aapka answer aata 262000. Simple si baat hai ki sir simple dekho yeh jo aapka base item hai, which is 250000. Iske hisab se aapko sochna hota hai ki 31st March mein agar aapne include karna hai ismein bhi included hai to kuchh nahin karenge bhai. Already aapke 1000 wale goods ismein included hain. Haan to bas theek hai. Badhiya hai. Bahut badhiya. Kuchh nahin karenge. Humne yahaan pe minus kyun kiya? Kyunki ismein included hai lekin 31st March wale mein include nahin karna hai. 31st March ko physically available nahin tha isliye minus kiya. Baat samajh mein aayi? Similarly 700 ko minus kyun kiya? Kyunki yeh woh wale goods hain jo aapke 250 mein included hain lekin 31st March ko yeh goods aapke nahin the to woh to minus kiya. Simple hai. Haan ji. Simple hai. All right. Fantastic. Jin bachchon ne bola ki 1000 nahin karenge minus, fantastic. Bahut saare bachchon ne bola hai ki sir 1000 ko kuchh nahin karna. Kuchh nahin karna. Iska matlab aap sabko samajh mein aa gaya. Bahut badhiya. Bahut badhiya. Theek hai. To yeh jo question tha I think ismein humne kaafi time laga diya aur maine aapko samjha diya. Ab doston is isi inventory taking mein do concept aise aate hain jo humein padhne hain. Ek goods sent on approval. Goods sent on approval bahut bachchon ko pareshan karta hai to usmein time lagayenge aur ek aapka consignment. Theek hai. Yeh donon humko padhne hain. Tasalli se padhaunga, shanti se padhaunga. Aa jao. Theek hai. In case agar is question mein kisi ko bhi aur doubt hoga, kisi bhi question mein aur doubt hoga aur genuine doubt hoga yeh doubt nahin ki pura repeat kar do. Koi doubt hoga to class ke baad mein ruk jana. Main aapka solve kar dunga. Doubt solve kar dunga. Theek hai. Ab aate hain sir kis pe? Goods sent on approval pe. To sabse pehle meri taraf dekho. Pehle to sun lo concept ko. Sun lo ki goods sent on approval kya hota hai sir? Kya hota hai? Goods sent on approval ki maine customer ko goods diye aur maine customer ko kya bola ki didi bhaiya koi baat nahin aap yeh goods ghar lekar chalo jao. Maan lo maine yeh blazer unko diya ki bhaiya yeh blazer aap ghar lekar jao apne ghar walon ko dikhao. Pasand aayega to bata dena nahin aayega to vapas kar dena. Matlab goods ki sale tab hogi jab customer approval dega. Abhi customer ne approval nahin di hai. Customer ne kya bola hai ki main apne ghar pe dikha kar aata hoon, apne mummy papa ko dikha kar aata hoon. Achcha theek hai. To customer yeh bol raha hai isko bolte hain goods sent on approval. Sir kya main isko sale manta hoon? The answer is no. Jab tak woh customer mere ko approval nahin de deta ya haan ya na, tab tak main isko sale nahin maan sakta. Nahin maan sakta. Ya fir ek baar aisa bhi hota hai ki maine bhaiya ko bola bhaiya le jao aisa karo ek hafta ka time le lo ek hafta mein mere ko bata dena ki le rahe ho ya vapas kar rahe ho. Maan lo ek hafta beet gaya. Beet gaya. Haan ji. Beet gaya. Khatam ho gaya aur customer ne mere ko nahin bataya. Main aisa maan lunga ki sale ho gayi hai. Customer ne rakh liya. Rakh liya. Agar jo maine usko time period diya tha woh khatam ho gaya to phir woh sale ho gayi hai. Haan ji. To matlab do case ho sakte hain. Maine customer ko goods jab diya tab to woh sale nahin hai. Pehli baat to yeh. Pehli baat humne kya samjhi ki maine customer ko goods diye us time pe woh sale nahin maani jayegi. Sir woh sale nahin hai. Woh sale nahin hai. Aur dusri baat yeh jab maine usko yeh blazer diya to woh beta blazer mera hi hai. Mera hi stock hai kyuki jab tak woh approval nahin dega beta yeh blazer mera hi hai. Beshak uske paas hai lekin mera hai na bhai. Jab tak woh approve nahin karta, accept nahin karta uska kaise ho gaya? Mera hi hai. Mera hi hai. To pehli baat to kya ho gayi ki jab tak approval nahin aata tab tak hum isko sales nahin mante aur jo goods maine usko diye hain woh goods ki ownership mere paas hai. Mere paas hai. Woh goods mere hain. Simple si baat. Simple si baat hai. To ao jara dekhte hain hum kya bolta hai. Kah raha hai inventory taking. Yes sir. For the year ended 31st March was taken on 25th March. Ab iska matlab kya hai? Pehle hi kar li thi aapne sir. Inventory taking aapne kab kar li hai? Pehle hi kar li. Pehle hi kar li 25th of March ko kar li. Achcha theek hai. To iska matlab aapko aage dekhna hai jo bhi aapne 25th March ke baad purchase kara hoga usko add karenge. Jo bhi aapne sales kari hogi uska CGS minus karenge. To itna to humko samajh mein aa gaya. Theek hai. The valuation of which should inventory figure of 950000. To aapka jo base figure hai woh 950 hai. Sir 25th April ko jab aapne physical counting kari thi to 950000 ki aapke paas stock tha. Theek hai. The following facts are established between 25th and 31st March. Dekh lo yeh book ka question nahin hai yeh samjhane ke liye. Haan ji bachchon ko samjhane ke liye maine class mein example liya tha. To ab yahaan pe dekho kya bolta hai ki sales aapki thi ₹8 lakh ki. Lekin lekin wahi includes goods worth ₹240000 sent on approval. Achcha sir yeh goods jo aapne approval pe bheje hain aapne isko bhi sales mein count kar rakha hai jo ki hona nahin chahiye tha. Sir kya yeh meri sales maani jati hai? Nahin maani jati. Aapne isko include kar rakha hai. Galat kar rakha hai. To 8 lakh ki sales hai. Absolutely sir. ₹8 lakh ki sales lekin ₹240000 ka to approval hai. Ab jara dhyan se meri baat samjho. Hum yeh aapne 25th se 31st March ke beech mein kiya hai. Koi pen nahin uthayega sirf meri baat samjhega. Pehla question aapko apne aap se kya puchhna hai? Yeh goods jo aapne customer ko bheje kya yeh aapke paas 25th March ko the? 950000 mein included the? The answer is yes. Kyunki bhai 25th March ke baad hi to aapne yeh bheje hain. Haan to aapke paas 950 mein to yeh goods included hain. Correct baat hai. Koi dikkat nahin hai. Ab question yeh aata hai kya yeh wale goods aapko apne 31st March ke stock mein include karne hain? The answer is also yes sir. Kyun? Kyunki sale kahaan hui hai sir? Question bolega. Agar sale hogi to abhi to bas aapne customer ko approval pe bheje. Kya usne approval diya? Aisa likha nahin hai. Kya time period khatam ho gaya? Aisa likha nahin hai. To iska matlab sales nahin maanenge hum. To 31st March ko beshak yeh goods customer ke paas pade hue hain. Beshak yeh goods ki physical, sir physically mere paas nahin hai. Nahin hai. Lekin ownership meri hai. Meri hai. To agar woh mujhse kya puchh raha hai? Stock ki value puchh raha hai. Physical stock nahin puchh raha woh. Agar physical stock puchhta to alag baat hoti. Kya pucha? Stock. Stock ka matlab goods ki ownership. Kya yeh kya yeh 240 wale jo goods ki ownership hai woh mere paas hai? Mere paas hai. To sir isko to ignore karenge. Exactly. Ki sir yeh jo 240000 wale goods hain actually mein isko ignore karenge. Ignore karenge. Kyun ignore? Ignore ka matlab yeh hai ki pehle to main isko sales mein se minus karunga kyuki yeh meri sales nahin hai. Pehla question to kya hai ki sir yeh meri sales nahin hai. Meri sales yeh bilkul nahin hai. ₹600000 ki sales hai. Kya iske alawa mujhe kuchh aur karne ki jarurat hai? Nahin sir. Plus kyun nahin kar rahe? Arre baba wahi to maine aapse bola ki pehla question aapko is case mein kya puchhna hai ki jo aapki starting figure hai kya woh starting figure mein yeh stock aapka included tha? Haan tha na. Aur cost pe hi hoga. Obvious si baat hai. Theek hai. To tha bilkul tha. Aapne 25th March ke baad customer ko diya hai. Yes. Ab 25th March jo hamara 950 hai ismein included hai. Haan. 31st March ko bhi included hona chahiye. Haan. To kuchh karenge kya? Kuchh nahin karenge. Exactly. Kuchh nahin karenge. To maine pehle to sales mein se isko hataya to sales hamari 560 hai. Iska CGS aapka minus hoga. Yeh meri sales hai jo actual sales hai jo goods maine customer ko beche hain. Haan yeh CGS minus karenge aur jo aapko purchase de rakhi hai isko plus karenge. Plus karenge. Simple si baat hai. Itna hi sochna hai. Bilkul complicate nahin karna. Ignore marna hai to dekho presentation kya hogi. Dekho sabse pehle aapko jo 25th March ka physical stock diya hai woh 950 hai. 950 hai. Ab aapko pata hai ki jo bhi goods aapne beche hain uska CGS minus karenge. Minus karenge. To sales aapko 8 lakh di hai lekin 8 lakh mein se 240 ki to sale hi nahin hui. Sir yeh to hum sales mante hi nahin hai. Aapne include kar diya kyuki bewakoof ho tum. Theek hai. Bholu ho tum. Bholu. Haan. Nahin karna. Nahin karna. 240 minus kiya. Minus kiya. To 8 lakh mein se humne 240 minus kiya. Sales aapki 560 hai. Ab yeh to sales hai. Haan. CGS nikaalna hai to gross profit kya karenge? Gross profit minus karenge. Ab goods aapke 25% margin pe hain to 25% pe 560 ka nikala. Haan. Profit minus kiya to yeh mera total CGS minus ho gaya. Purchase kari hai woh add hogi. To purchase aapko de rakhi hai 3 lakh ki woh humne add kar di. Add kar di. Bas itni si baat hai. To yeh example tha jo aapki thodi understanding ke liye maine class mein karwaya tha. Right. Aur bhi karwaya tha lekin abhi yeh wala bahut hai. Theek hai. Ab aate hain fatafat se sir. Fatafat se consignment wale pe question pe ayenge. Question pe ayenge lekin pehle consignment wale pe aate hain hum. Ab saare ke saare bachche. Achcha pehle sun lo hum. Main aapse pehle puchh leta hoon yeh wala example clear hai jab tak main pani pee leta hoon. Everybody, I hope yeh thoda bahut jo maine aapko samjhaya, baaki question mein aur bhi iski variation hai to woh wahaan pe samjhaunga. Theek hai. Basic jo maine aapko samjhaya woh samajh mein aa gaya na? Clear? Fantastic. Bahut badhiya. Arre beta main dance thodi kar raha hoon jo once more, once more kar raha hai ek bachcha. Theek hai. Once more. Deep Roy bilkul sahi bola beta. Ek second. [Music] Rukna sir. 25% cost nahin hai, be. 25% sales hai. Sales hai. Haan ji. Sales hai. 240 kyun minus kiya? Ek baar bata do. Arre yeh kya padhai ho rahi hai yeh? Baaki to mujhe dikh raha hai ki haan baaki saare bachche to theek hai yeh do teen bachche jo dikh rahe hain na mujhe lag raha hai bilkul ekdam uth kar aa gaye hain. Bilkul ekdam. Bilkul pehle padhe hi nahin hai. Pehli baar hi padh raha hai chapter ko. Theek hai. Ek do main doubt le leta hoon. Hindi paheli world beta yeh main aapko class ke baad samjha dunga kyuki dikkat hai. 240 mein GP kyun minus? GP kyun nahin hua? Eh bholu. Arre suno meri baat dhyan se. Yes. Ek cheez pehle yahaan pe samjho. Haan yeh doubt ho sakta hai. Genuine doubt hai. To pehle main yeh bata deta hoon jo iska doubt hai woh kya hai. Sir 240 to hai. Haan yeh to aapka sale price hai. GP kyun nahin minus hua? Maine kya bola jab aapne physical counting kari hoti hai na to aap hamesha cost hi count karte ho. 950 mein iski cost hi included hai. Aap baat samajh rahe ho? Shayad aapko yeh lag raha hai ki 950 mein 240 included hai. Arre nahin baba. Jab aapne apne goods ki physical counting kari hoti hai na, jab physical counting kar rahe hote hain to yeh 240 wale jo goods honge iski cost hi included hui hogi. To is per GP, VP ka koi chakkar nahin hai. Is 240 ko humne isliye directly sales mein se minus kar diya. Aapka 8 lakh ka sales hai ismein 240 ka jo sales tha woh minus kar diya. Hata diya usko to uska effect humne hata diya puri tarah se. To yahaan pe GP ka chakkar hi nahin hai. GP ka chakkar nahin hai. Theek hai? [Music] Hai. Okay. Okay. Okay. Hum chalo aa jao. Aa jao. Aa jao. Fatafat se aa jao. Kis pe? Consignment pe. Baaki goods on sale pe aur bhi variations hain jo main aapko question mein samjhaunga. Practical question number 1, 2 wagera mein samjhaunga. Ab dhyan se meri baat sunenge. Sir consignment kya hota hai? Pehli baat to samjho ki consignment hota kya hai. Maan lo mera business hai beta. Main kaun hoon? Main Tina hoon. Theek hai sir. Main kaun hoon? Main Tina. Achcha. Mera business hai. Haan. Delhi mein sir. Mera Delhi mein business hai. Ab main chahta hoon ki alag-alag cities mein bhi alag-alag states mein bhi main business karoon. Main customers tak wahaan tak pahunchun. Achcha. To maine kya kara beta? Maine ek agent hire kiya hai. Jassie. Yes sir. Pune mein rehta hai. Pune mein rehta hai yeh. Theek hai. To yeh consignee. Sir consignor kya hota hai? Mera agent hai. Mere liye woh kaam kar raha hai. Theek hai. Iska business nahin hai yeh bas kaam kar raha hai. Kaam kar raha hai. Isko hum kya karte hain? Isko dete hain commission. Jitna saman bechega uspe commission. Achcha theek hai. Ab kya hua? Hua yeh ki maine isko goods bheje ₹1 lakh ke on consignment. Yeh ₹1 lakh cost hai. Maine usko ₹1 lakh rupye ke goods bheje hain. 1 lakh ke cost pe goods bheje hain. To pehla to yeh point hota hai ki yeh 1 lakh ke goods Tina ke goods hain. Business jiska hai usi ke to goods hain. Haan. pade kiske paas hai? Jassie ke paas. Ownership Tina ki hai. Position Jassie ke paas hai. Itni si baat hai. Theek hai. To jaise hi yeh aage goods bechega to jo bechega woh jo sales karega woh sales bhi kiski hai? Tina ki hai. Yeh bas aapka ek tarike se employee hai jisko sales pe kuchh commission wagera milta hai lekin pehle yeh chapter hua karta tha hai na consignment ab hata diya gaya lekin concept abhi bhi chhod diya inhone. Theek hai. To ab yahaan pe kya hua sir? Yes. Let's say. Let's say. Let's say Jassie ne apne jo dukaan thi apni matlab Tina ki dukaan hai lekin Jassie uspe kaam kar raha hai to Pune wali jo dukaan hai Pune wali dukaan mein usne stock nikala ₹200000 ka ki bhai Pune wali dukaan mein bhi ₹200000 ka goods rakha hua hai. To beta yeh 200000 ka goods kiska hai? Yeh Tina ka hi hai. To kya main yeh 200000 wala goods Tina ke stock mein add karunga? The answer is yes. Ki Tina ka stock hai woh beta Jassie to business bhi nahin kar raha. Jassie ko to kuchh nahin karna. Hum Jassie ki accounting nahin kar rahe hain hum Tina ke business ki accounting kar rahe hain. Exactly. Simple si baat. Bahut simple si baat hai. Theek hai. To dekho question kis tarike se aayega ki inventory taking jo hai woh aapko 25th March ki de rakhi hai ₹1 lakh ki. To 25th March ko Tina ne apne warehouse mein counting kari hai. Tina ne apne warehouse mein counting kari to ₹1 lakh ke goods uske paas hain. Haan ji. Bilkul sahi baat hai. Ab information kya di hai ki jo bhi goods aapne consignment pe bheje the pure saal mein hai na out of the goods sent on consignment yeh 25th March ke baad nahin bheje hain. 25th March se pehle pure saal jo bhi goods consignment pe aapne bheje the usmein se 20000 are with consignor. Dhyan se meri baat samjho. 25th March ko to Tina ne apna warehouse count kar liya kitna? 1 lakh. Ab usko pata chala ki achcha Jassie ke paas bhi 20000 ke goods pade hain. To beta yeh 20000 ke goods jo hain woh kiske hain? Woh Tina ke hi hain. Consignor bolte hain usko. Sir Tina ke. Haan

Let's assume, son, let's assume that the accounting we are doing is not of Kansa's, not of Kansa's. What does that mean? The goods are received by whomever, right sir? Now, here, it's not the previous example; it's a different example. So, look carefully. You did inventory decking at 120. Absolutely. Now, look here, what is written? Goods received on consignment, received on consignment. That means, in a way, you are doing Jassie's accounting here. In a way, Jassie's separate business is also running, whatever it is running. Do you understand, yes or no? So, you are getting goods on consignment. One thing to keep in mind is that if you receive goods on consignment, these goods are not yours because they belong to the one who is sending them to you for sale. Exactly. Now understand. For example, let's say I have opened a shop, sir. My shop is of clothes. A clothes shop, but sir, but I also have a partnership with Tina. Tina makes very good girls' clothes. Okay, so Tina sends me girls' clothes, and I sell them at my shop. So, in my shop, there are my own clothes and the clothes that Tina sends. Now, you understand? Yes, understood. So, what did I do, sir? I did a stock count of my shop's stock on April 10th. Yes, 120 of my shop's stock. I counted the stock, 120, 120. Okay, alright. Now it says that the goods I received on consignment were 25,000 in March. In March, goods worth 25,000 were received by me. Now, listen carefully to me. Are these goods mine? No, they are not mine; they are Tina's goods. So, if even one good out of 25,000 is included in 120, then it has to be removed. Just understand what was said: sir, if I get goods on consignment, those goods are not mine. I am the consignee, sir; she is the owner. Yes, the owner. Consignee, understood? Yes. So, the consignee is the owner. Exactly. I am not. So, if I have received goods, these are not my goods. But what happens is that when you do physical counting, inventory taking, it is possible that you have counted all the goods. Yes, you have counted them. So, if you have mistakenly counted the consignment goods also, you will have to remove them. So, listen carefully to me. We received goods on consignment during March, 25,000. Yes, you received goods in March. No problem. Now you are saying 40% of goods sold till March 31st. Now, listen carefully to me. If you have sold the goods, what is good about it? The good thing is that the goods are not with you; they were never yours. Yes, they were not even counted. So, there is nothing to do, sir. Say it again. I received the goods, I sold them. That's great, brother. I have nothing to do. Neither was it my stock, nor is that stock lying with me. When I did the counting on April 10th, would these 40% goods have been counted? No, they would not have been counted because I sold them, right? I sold them in March itself. Yes. So, we have nothing to do with this. Neither did I count them, nor are they my goods. We will ignore it. We will ignore it. Then it says 20% sold by April 10th. By April 10th, you sold the remaining 20%. So, tell me, this is also the same story that I sold another 20%. Very good. They were never my goods, nor are they mine. Okay. So, when I was doing physical counting on April 10th, neither were these 40% goods counted, very good, nor were these 20% goods counted. So, 60% goods were not counted, and they should not have been. Sir, these 60% goods were not counted, and they should not have been. Exactly. Now, friends, the question arises about the remaining 40%. Is it lying with you? Yes, it is lying. Would it have been included in the physical counting? Yes, it would have been. Is it yours? No, it is not. Will we remove it? Yes. It's a simple thing. Listen again. Yes, that sir, the remaining 40%. Look, out of 100%, 25,000 goods were already sold 40%, and 20% more were sold. So, by April 10th, I had sold 60%. The remaining is 40%. 40% is lying with you. Is it yours? No, it is not. So, son, are these 40% goods included in 120? Yes. So, 40% of 25,000 is 10,000. Do we have to subtract 10,000? It's that simple. I have explained it in quite detail, right, everybody? Yes. So, what was said? There were 120 with me. Absolutely, and 40% of goods because they are lying with me. We will remove them. We will remove them, and your answer will be 110. Now I have created the base for you. Now, the next question, yes, has appeared multiple times in the exam, sir. Ninth illustration. Yes, this has appeared multiple times in the exam. Multiple times. So, my request to all of you is that you will sit calmly, solve the question, I will explain the whole thing. Yes, according to me, there is a ninth illustration, and there is another one, this one. We are doing practical question number four. So, the ninth illustration and practical question number four, these two questions have appeared many times in the exam. Please sit calmly, we will solve it. We will solve it. Okay, let's read the question. What does the question say, sir? The question says that you have, a trader prepared his accounts on March 31st. Okay, but due to some unavoidable reasons, there will be weddings, something good. Okay, sir. No stock taking could be possible till April 15th. Again, we have to go backward, sir. April 15th means that I have to subtract all the goods purchased from April 1st to April 15th, and add back the goods that I have sold. Yes, add COGS. That's it. That's it. Okay, it says that on the day your cost of goods came to 50,000 in your godown. Okay, so it means that on April 15th, I did the counting of my godown, and on April 15th, how many goods were lying in my godown? 50,000 goods. Now, let's proceed calmly. Then it says what happened between March 31st and April 15th. Let's see that. Yes, you have been told sales, 41. Now, whether it is cash or credit, it doesn't matter. There are sales of 41,000, and you have been given sales returns of 1,000. So, this has been told to you. What has been told? That your net sales are 40,000. Right? So, my starting figure is 50,000, sir. My starting figure is 50,000. 50,000. Yes, I know that I have to add COGS, sir. I have to add it. I basically have to add COGS. Okay, alright. So, here, it is clearly visible to me that my net sales, I am doing this roughly; present it in a proper format, are 40,000, right? If I subtract GP from this, my work will be finished. Finished. Yes, but let's move on, let's move forward. Now, friends, the actual point, sir, is your fourth and fifth point. Yes, there is nothing special in the rest of this question, but the fourth and fifth are very exciting points. So, let's hear. It says, on March 15th, goods of the sale value 100,000 were sent on sale or return basis to a customer. On March 15th, what did you do? You sent goods whose sale value was 100,000. What does this mean? You told him that there is a time of four weeks. Four weeks. Okay, sir, four weeks' time. In four weeks, either tell me that you are keeping it, approve it, or return it to me. Do something, brother. Okay, it says, he returned 40% of goods on April 10th. Now, first of all, April 10th has been talked about. I have to find out the inventory of March 31st. Now, listen carefully to me. This means that till March 31st, he neither returned it, nor approved it, nor did the time period end. Yes or no? So, son, will these sales be considered on March 31st? The answer is no. I sent the goods on March 15th. I gave four weeks' time. Till March 31st, he did not give any approval, did not return anything, did not do anything. So, on March 31st, these goods were not physically with me; they were with the customer, but the ownership is mine. So, the first thing you should always think in your mind is, will I count these goods in my stock on March 31st? The answer is yes. These goods are mine. These goods are mine. They should be included on March 31st. Simple. Yes, simple. So, again, as I explained to you, what did I explain? That if these are coming in 50,000, then I will not do anything because I need it. Yes, but if these are not coming in 50,000, then I have to add them. Add them. That simple. That simple. Sir, I have to add these goods to the stock of March 31st. Add them. Okay, now look carefully. First, we come to the 40% of goods, that 40% goods were returned. Now think about it. When he returned 40% goods, when did he return them? On April 10th. When did you do the physical counting? On April 15th. So, son, does this mean that when I did the counting in my warehouse on April 15th, you would have counted these 40% goods? Oh yes, brother. When he sent the goods back to me by April 10th. Yes, sir. So, they would have been counted. Now, some children who have not studied very well, yes, what do they think? Sir, but this is the sale value. Oh, baba, this is the sale value, but when you take out your stock, you add it in the cost itself. So, you would have obviously added the cost of 40% in 50,000. So, you don't have to go there. Simple. My main point is, my point is, have these 40% goods been counted? They have been counted. So, can we ignore these 40% goods? The answer is yes. First of all, sir, ignore the 40% goods. No problem. No problem. Now, let's move on. The remaining 60%, he says he approved it. The customer was billed on April 16th. This means that on April 16th, you billed the customer. That's all fine. The point here is that he approved 60%. So, the goods are with the customer, not with me. No. If the goods are not with me, did you count them on April 15th? Did you count them? No. But on March 31st, you have to count them, right? Yes. So, we will add them, sir. Repeat it again. I am doing it, son. Absolutely, I am doing it. There are only two or three questions left. What did I say? Your first point, what did you say? Sir, these goods, my 100,000 goods, should be counted in the stock of March 31st. Fix this point. Yes, their cost should come in March 31st. 100,000 is the sale value, but the cost should come. It should come. Did you understand? Because 40% goods are already counted. They are included in 50,000. So, we ignored it, but the remaining 60% did not come back to me. They are with the customer. You understand, yes or no? So, do I have to add them? The answer is absolutely yes. Uf, yes, sir. Of goods, cost of, yes, goods sent on approval, cost of goods, yes, sent on approval. But what will come here, sir? 60% goods, sir, how much will come? 60%. Now, we have to calculate this separately, sir. How will we calculate it? Oh, baba, listen calmly. Look, sir, how many goods do I have to add? 60%. Now understand the point. You know its sale value, sir. Its sale value will be how much? If the sale value is 100,000, then 60% will be 60,000. Yes. So, if I subtract the gross profit from the sale value, the cost will come. The cost will come. The gross profit is 20% on sales. So, sir, our GP came to 12,000. So, friends, it means 4800. Absolutely correct. This is the point. We ignored the rest. We ignored it. I hope this fourth point is understood. Okay, some children also have this doubt, sir. This sale of 60%, is it not included in this? It has been told to you. First of all, this sale is till April 15th. This sale will be considered on April 16th. And as we saw in the previous question, it is written that sales include goods sent on approval. Nothing like that. Nothing. So, that sale is different, this sale is different. Simple. Okay. So, this is done. Done. Now, friends, let's come to consignment. What does it say? It says the trader had also received goods. First of all, understand that here you have not sent goods; you have received them. You are the consignee. Jassie. Yes. So, the goods you receive on consignment are not yours. Here, which point have you fitted in your mind? Which point have you fitted in that they should not come in my stock? They should not come in my stock of March 31st. The matter is over. Okay. The trader had also received goods costing 8,000 in March for sale on consignment. In March, you received goods worth 8,000. Okay. Now, again, as I showed you the example, it is the same. What does it say? 20% goods had been sold by March 31st. You have already fitted one thing in your mind, that these 8,000 goods are not mine, sir. These are not mine. These are not my goods. They should not come in my stock of March 31st. The matter is over. The matter is over. Okay. So, now look carefully. You sold 20% by March 31st. Tell me one thing, if you have sold them, yes, would they have been included in 50,000? They would not have been. The whole game is this, isn't it, that the first thing you fitted in your mind is that 8,000 goods should not come on March 31st. Yes. So, in case if any of these goods out of 8,000 are coming in 50,000, I have to subtract them. The whole game is this, that sir, these 8,000 goods are not mine. Yes. Ownership is not mine. It is not mine. So, I will not count them in my stock of March 31st. I will not count them. So, the physical counting you did on April 15th, 50,000. If any goods are mistakenly counted in this, they have to be removed. Son, you sold 20% goods on March 31st. So, are they with you? No. Were they counted? No. Were they your goods? No. Ignore them. It's a simple thing. A simple thing. Then what does it say? Then it says another 50% by April 15th. On the day you did the physical counting, and you had sold 50%. So, you sold the remaining 50% as well. The goods were never yours; you sold them. They were not counted in the stock. Sir, when you did the physical counting on April 15th, were they counted? No. Good. But this means that now, now, now, 30% are left, sir. 20, 50, 70. 30% are left, sir. 30% of 8,000 is 2,400. Yes, these goods were lying in your warehouse on April 15th. They would have been counted. Okay, sir, this is the thing that 2,400 goods would have been counted. Yes. Will we subtract them? Yes. So, improve the presentation yourself. Okay, alright everybody. So, 50,000, yes, sir, yes. Okay. 48,000 and this was subtracted, sir. You had done the purchase of 50,034. We have to add the purchase. We all know this. So, we added the purchase, 50,034. Simple. What will be the answer? You had a physical stock of 50,000. Okay. Whatever sales you have done, its COGS has to be added to you, sir. How much sales did you do? I told you that your net sales are 40,000. Your profit is 20%, meaning a profit of 8,000. Right, everybody? Yes or no? Yes, sir. So, COGS came to 32,000. I hope you have calculated it. I added 32,000 to 50,000. Okay. The goods sent on approval, yes, sir. We will also add this, 4,800. Fantastic. After that, after that, what else did we do? 2,400, sir, these were the consignment goods. We subtracted them. We subtracted them. And after that, what else is there? Anything else? Yes. 50,034, sir. The purchase, we subtract the purchase. Sorry, sorry guys, sorry. There is a purchase of 50,034. We subtracted the purchase. We subtracted it. So, brother, listen carefully to me. If your answer is coming 79,360, yes, then brother, we are both friends. Okay. A lot of energy has been put in. A lot of energy has been put in. Tell me, brother, what's up? Was the energy spent worth it or not? [Music] 79,360. It is saying good. Oh, tell me quickly. The competition has reduced further. Absolutely. Divya, son, physical stock happens, so don't bring this in every question. Okay, it won't be that much. That many questions won't come. You will confuse yourself. Everyone's is done. Yes. In all these, listen carefully to me. Don't read this in all these: sir, physical stock happens this way. Brother, it was for one question; the matter is over. [Music] Just, from looking at the next question. Focus. Son, looking at it should be done at normal speed. Okay. Okay. 40 minus 8, why? Oh, Bholus, son, come here. Your net sales are 40,000. COGS of 20% was subtracted. No, it was not subtracted, right? Focus. This means, Rashee, fantastic. I remember you were there in September. How did 1200 come? 1200 did not come anywhere. Okay, now listen carefully to me, guys. Yes. As much as I could explain, I have explained. I will take one or two doubts here quickly. Okay, come quickly. Explain the COGS point. This is a different story altogether, literally a different story is going on here. Your net sales, we all know that if I have to go backward, then I have to subtract the purchase. So, the first point, we subtracted the purchase. 50,034, sir. There is a purchase of 50,034. We subtracted it. There should be no doubt about this. Then comes, what? Then comes, sir, COGS. So, your normal COGS is 41,000 – 1,000. This is our net sales of 40,000. Okay, sir, the net sales are 40,000. Absolutely. Your GP is how much? 20%. Oh, Bholus, 20% of 40,000 is how much? 8,000. So, this is our sales. This is my GP. So, this is COGS. First of all, this. Apart from this, someone said, how did 1200 come? This means you were not paying attention in class. Time is being wasted, nothing else is happening. When I told you that 60,000, this came, that out of 100,000, 60% goods are with the customer only, but the stock is mine, sir. They are with the customer, but the stock is mine. So, I will have to add its cost in the stock. So, I take the cost, its sale value is 60,000, right? 60% of 100,000 sale value. The profit is 20%. Son, how else will I explain it? It's simple. Yes, simple. In case there is anything, we will see it after class. Now come. Similarly, sir, on practical question number four, we will understand some things here as well. We will understand here as well. Come, come quickly, quickly, quickly, come. Practical question number four. Yes, sir, yes. Come. What does it say? It says, physical verification of a stock in the business was done on June 23rd. Now, what is here, sir? Forward. If you have done physical verification on June 23rd, friends, then we will have to add the purchase going forward. We will add the purchase we have made, and subtract the sales and its COGS. This has become very simple. Now it says the value of your stock came to 8 lakh. Is there any problem? It doesn't matter at all. It doesn't matter at all. Following transactions took place between June 23rd and June 30th, 2022. Yes. This is the value between June 23rd and June 30th. Now listen to me carefully here. Okay, sir. The first part. What does it say? That whatever goods you sent on consignment, I sent them. I am the consignee. The goods are mine. The ownership of the goods is mine. The goods you sent, 2 lakh were unsold. What does this mean? That out of all the goods you would have sent on consignment throughout the year, goods worth 2 lakh are still unsold. With whom? With the consignee, with Jassie. Are those goods mine? Yes, but when you did this physical verification, when you took out the physical stock, they were not counted. Why were they not counted? Because they are in Pune, right? I am in Delhi. Yes. So, they were not counted. So, will we add this? So, I explained to you earlier that sir, because the stock is mine, we will add it. The matter is over. Okay. Now let's come to the second point, that purchase was 4 lakh. They were made, you made the purchase, so we will add it. Goods worth 1.6 lakh were delivered on July 5th. Now listen carefully to me here. I have to calculate the stock. Not physical stock, stock. And in the majority of the questions, it is stock itself. In one or two questions, it was physical stock, so I had to explain the whole concept. Sir, we have to calculate the value of stock. We have to calculate the stock. So, this means that I have to count all the goods whose ownership is with me, the goods that are mine, right? For example, we added the consignment ones because the ownership is with me, although those goods are not physically with me. Okay. The second point says that you made a purchase of 4 lakh. When I made a purchase of 4 lakh, these goods became mine, right, brother? Yes. It says that if you got the goods delivery later on, it was of 1.6 lakh, then the goods were 4 lakh. I had made the purchase of 4 lakh. By June 30th, by June 30th, if your purchase has been done, then those goods are yours. The ownership is yours. So, sir, we will add this completely, and we will ignore 1.6 lakh because I have to calculate the stock here. So, we will add the entire 4 lakh. The answer is absolutely yes, sir. We added the entire 4 lakh. We added the entire thing. Okay, fantastic. Okay. Now let's come to the third point, sir. The third point is for which we are doing the question. The whole question is for the third point. What does it say? Sales were 13.6 lakh. Calmly, slowly, slowly, slowly. Now, it has been clearly said here that it includes goods worth 3.2 lakh sent on approval. You made the sale. When did you make it? Between June 23rd and June 30th. In which 3.2 lakh were sent on approval. Yes. And then what does it tell you? Yes. Half of these goods were returned before June 30th. Now, first of all, you have to put some things in your mind. What to put? The first question is to ask, were the goods you sent on approval with you on June 23rd? The answer is yes because you sent them after June 23rd. All these transactions are after June 23rd. Yes. So, does this mean that the goods worth 3.2 lakh are included in this? The answer is yes, baba. When I was doing physical counting on June 23rd, they were included. Obviously, the cost is included. It is the sale value. Its cost was included. After that, I sent them to the customer on approval. Okay, no problem. Have these goods been sold by June 30th? Has the approval come by June 30th? The answer is no. The approval of even one rupee has not come. Some goods have come back. We will talk about that. First, you understand this. Has the approval of these goods come? The answer is no. So, son, does this mean that all these goods are still mine? Until the customer approves them, they are not his; they remain mine. So, all these goods are mine. Yes. So, does this mean that when I am calculating the stock of June 30th, all these goods worth 3.2 lakh should be counted in the stock of June 30th? Yes. Once you understand this, the question cannot bother you. I will repeat it once more. Listen to those who are reading it for the first time. Some children might have come with the hope that they did nothing in the last four months. Yes, they will read it once from sir, and we will pass. I don't know, son, try and see. Okay, listen carefully. What did I say? That after June 23rd, goods worth 3.2 lakh were given to the customer. So, whatever cost comes of 3.2 lakh, this is the sale value. Whatever cost comes, it is counted in your physical stock of June 23rd. It is counted. And because, sir, the approval of even one rupee has not come, it means that these goods were mine. Yes, and they have to be counted in June 30th. Simple. Simple. Now, what does it tell you? Half of these goods were returned, sir. The matter is very simple. What is the very simple matter? That out of 3.2 lakh, half the goods came back. Good thing, sir. They came back, means the goods are mine. I am explaining to you that, sir, look, if you sent 3.2 lakh goods on approval after June 23rd, yes, then the first question is, is the cost counted in your physical stock on June 23rd? It is counted. Then when I am talking about calculating the stock of June 30th, has the approval of these goods come by June 30th? No. Half have come back. Half are with the customer. It doesn't matter to me whether half came to me or half are with the customer. Are all these goods mine? Yes. They should be counted in June 30th as well. Yes. Son, in short, ignore everyone. What are you talking about? I am talking absolutely correctly. Think for yourself. Think for yourself, sir. If these were included in my stock on June 23rd, and they should be included on June 30th as well. Yes. So, there is no need to do anything. Why should I add or subtract anything, sir? But half the goods came back. Oh, they are mine. Now you understand. They were with me on June 23rd, son. They just came back after a round. Right? It took a round and came back. It went to the customer. Yes. It came back after two days. So, it has already been counted. It was counted on June 23rd. So, I don't need to do anything. No need. I hope it is understood. What more can a human explain? Okay, everybody? Yes. Listen. Yes. So, tell me, this means that your sales are 13.6 lakh. Yes, sir. Minus 3.2 lakh because the sale of 3.2 lakh did not happen. Approval did not come at all. Yes. So, your sales are 10.4 lakh. Just calculate its COGS and subtract its COGS. That simple. That simple. Okay, alright, sir. Alright. Now listen carefully. But there is also a very interesting thing in calculating COGS. What is it? Well, goods are sold at cost plus 25%. Now, what does this mean, sir? Our maths is very strong; it doesn't happen with us. Okay, sir. 25% means, son, 1/4. This much is known. Yes. So, I just explained to you that you have been given the fraction of cost. Whose percentage has to be calculated? Of sales. So, we keep the numerator same.

Both were added, and 1/4 of sales was understood. It was understood. But it says, "However, goods costing 240 had been sold for 120." Now, what does this mean? It means, Baba, that although you earned a profit of 1/5 on all goods—1/5 means 20 percent—you earned a 20 percent profit, but there is one transaction in which you did not get a 1/5 profit, a 20 percent profit, which I showed you earlier. I am talking about analysis. This is a very good question, this one and the previous one. Do not enter the examination hall without doing this. Understand the point, sir. But tell me, how will it be done? Now look carefully. First, you had total sales of 13,600, which I divided into two parts. One is the approval part; this has to be ignored. Nothing needs to be done with this. I have explained it to you. Now comes the sales that actually took place. Sir, this is what actually happened. Yes, absolutely correct. Divide this into two parts as well. Why? One is normal sales. Now normal sales. Normal sales means that a fixed percentage of profit was earned. So, here you have been told that goods costing 240 were sold for 120. So, there are 0000 sales which are non-existent, sir. If we sold goods worth 240 for 120, it means that 120,000 worth of goods you sold were non-existent. Absolutely correct. And what is left is 920. 920 is left, sir. Why did you do this? Baba, what do we need to find out? COGS. If I show you here, I need to find out COGS. Absolutely, I need to. So there is a sale of 920. Yes. Now I know that the gross profit in this is how much. Its gross profit is 1/5, my child. What does 1/5 mean? 1/5 means 184,000. So, 920 - 20 equals 736. And these gentlemen who were sold for 120, it is clearly stated that its cost was 240. So, its COGS was 240. You incurred a loss in this. So, have I got the total COGS? Say yes, it has come. Total COGS has come. How much has come, sir? This has come to 976. That’s it. That’s it.

We will check the presentation once. First of all, sir, on June 23rd, the physical stock was 48 lakhs. Then, the goods you sent on consignment, but the goods that are currently with your consignee are your goods; ownership is with you. Yes, so add them, 240. Very good. Then, the purchases you made from June 23rd to 30th, sir, where did we make the purchase? Bholū, this is 4 lakhs. So, the purchase of 4 lakhs. Yes, and because I have to calculate the stock, if you have made the purchase, then the stock is yours, whether it has been delivered to you or not. So, we added 4 lakhs. We added 4 lakhs. Now, all the drama starts here. In COGS, the sales given to you are 1360, but 32 of those sales did not happen. The customer's approval did not come, so remove it, keep it aside, keep it aside. Okay, fine. 1040 is left. Yes, absolutely correct. Its COGS has to be calculated. COGS can be calculated in different ways. I showed you how to calculate it, 976, 976. That’s it. Your stock has come here. It’s fun. It is also fun. We are also tired. If you show some reaction, then maybe energy will come that yes, I have understood. Yes, Bholū, children, tell me quickly, do you enjoy teaching? Tell me quickly. Harsh said very well, what a great comment, very well. I also say the same, very well. When will the PDF of these notes be available? I will tell you when you wait till the end of the class. Balraj, let's finish it in one go, man. Break, break, what is the need for a break? [Music] Child, someone has said that GP is written minus in consignment. Clearly, the cost, child, look, okay. If you do it yourself once, it will be even better. Repeat the fourth point. What is this? Which children are having trouble even after so much explanation? Wait, we are alright. Okay, I have seen two or three doubts, I will do them quickly, and then we will proceed. Come on, now look. Then some children are not understanding, sir, there is a value of physical stock. So, a wait, okay. Understand what needs to be done first, the value of physical stock is there. There is no need to make it so complicated. After that, if you do as much as I am doing, you will get 70 plus. Child, look, listen to my words carefully. The mentality of this child is that as much as we are doing, yes sir, if all those concepts are coming to you, it means you know the chapter. Then why won't they come? It's not like I will memorize the questions I am teaching and then the marks will come. It doesn't work like that. Okay, okay, okay. Repeat the fourth point. The child is saying to stay after class. Fourth point, how can we repeat it, okay? Goods are sold at cost plus 25. So I told you this. Yes, he has said that goods costing 240 are goods whose cost is 240 which are sold for 120. I have to calculate COGS. I have to calculate. So there are goods, yes, whose COGS is 240, whose sales are 120. So how much is my total sales? 1040. So, 120 sales are separated from 1040. How much is left? 920. I had a 20 percent gross profit on 920. COGS came, and its COGS is 240. Simple. Yes, okay. Alright, now come on, brother, come on, come on, come on. Again, we will mark illustration number 10. Is it an exam question? It came in the exam, it came recently, I think two or three attempts ago. Yes, it’s an easy question. It seems like a very big question; there is nothing. There is nothing. Come on quickly, child, we have to finish by 7 o'clock. I am also a human being, I get tired too. Come on.

Inventory taking. Inventory taking for the year ended 31st March was completed by 10th April. No problem. The valuation of which, yes, should include an inventory figure of this. Okay, so the point is that you have done inventory taking on 10th April, so you must have understood that, sir, we have to subtract the purchase here and then add the COGS. Okay, the inventory is coming as 1675. Yes, sir, 1675. Okay. Now, after the end of the accounting year, sir, what happened after 31st March, till the date of completion of inventory, yes, sir. Now you have been told that sales for the next year were made for 68,750. Brother, listen, you did so much sales. Good. Now, the profit margin is 33.33 percent. I explained to all the children here that this is 1/3. So, what did I explain about 1/3 of cost? 1/4 of sales. 1/4 of sales. Yes. What does it say after this? We will calculate COGS. We will calculate it, sir. Absolutely, we will calculate it. This is our sales. Yes, and how much is the profit? 1/4. So, we will calculate it. No problem. Then what does it say? Then it says that purchases, yes, for the next year included in the inventory amounted to 90,000. So, we have to subtract the purchase. It says amounted to 90,000 at cost less trade discount 10 percent. So, it means we have to subtract 10 percent trade discount. So, 90 minus 10 percent equals 81,000. Correct. Yes, your purchase is 81, which you have included. We will remove it. We will remove it. Okay. Now, during this period, good, goods were added to inventory, yes, at the markup price. Child, markup means selling price. Understand this much, that where it is written markup price, markup price means selling price. Yes, absolutely correct. So, during this period, goods were added to inventory at the markup price of 3000 in respect of, in respect of what? In respect of sales return. Why are you circling so much unnecessarily? Just say it straight that it is a sales return. Yes or no? So what does it mean, sir? It means that there were sales of 68,750, out of which, out of which, how much was returned? 3000. So, the net sales that I will consider will be 65,750. That's all there is to it. Okay. Alright. Now, now, now, now, now, after this, we will actually discuss interesting things. We have discussed the basic things, sir. You can solve the basic things that you have been given the stock of 10th April. Absolutely, it has been given. I have to add COGS to it. You added the COGS, absolutely. That 65,750, which I showed you, that is your sales. Yes, and 1/4 is your gross profit, sir. You subtracted 1/4. You subtracted. So this is your COGS, which you added. I hope there is no problem in this. Then, your purchase was 81, which you subtracted. Yes. After this, we will discuss the adjustments. Our basics are over. Okay, now look what it says. After inventory taking, sir, it means it's talking about after physical counting. After inventory taking, it was found that, it was found that there were certain very old, slow-moving items. What does it mean, child? Old items. It means those that have become very bad, obsolete. It is talking about that. So there were some items that were not selling very much, sir. Okay, slow-moving. What does slow-moving mean? They are not selling, they are just lying there. Okay. Costing 11,250. So what do you have, sir? You found out that you have some items. Okay, after inventory taking means that you have done the physical counting. After that, you understood that, okay, these items are those items. What? Those that don't sell. Okay, then what happened? Then it says which should be taken at 5250 to ensure disposal to interested customers. Child, it's a very basic thing. You did the physical counting, and in the physical counting, you included such stock, which is very old, non-selling stock. Yes, so what happened? Then it says which should be taken at. In the inventory, I should count the value at 5250. Now tell me one thing, think and tell me, you counted an item at 11,250, but you should count it at 5250. What will you do? What will you do? Okay, what will you do, sir? It's a simple thing, subtract the difference between the two. Brother, I have counted it at 11,250, but I have to count it at 5250. So, what will it mean? The difference between them is 6000. So, you counted it at 11,250. If I subtract 6000 from 11,250, yes, it will automatically become 5250. Now you understand that brother, if I have counted an item at 11,250, yes, sir, if I have subtracted 6000 now, yes, it means that item is worth 5250. That's what I need. So what did I do? I found the difference between the two, 6000. So, it means that we will now subtract 6000 from the value of our inventory. Decrease in the value of slow, old, moving items, 6000, 6000. That's all there was to it. Okay, then what does it say after this? After this, it says, friends, due to heavy floods, certain goods costing 15,500, sorry sir, certain goods costing 15,500 were received from the supplier. You received them from the supplier beyond the delivery date of the customer. Brother, his wedding was on February 14th. Okay, brother, the customer's wedding was on February 14th. Yes, but brother, the sherwani that the customer ordered came on February 20th. Will the customer take the sherwani from us? No, sir, he will not. So what happened? What does it say? That brother, because there were heavy floods, some goods whose cost was 15,500. Now you understand that, brother, this sherwani, yes, this has become bad luck now. This is not going to sell easily. Now this will sell for 12,500. Its NRV is 12,500. So the same thing is happening here, sir. What same thing is happening? That you have included an item of 15,500 in your stock, but you found out that it will only sell for 12,500. Yes. So, somewhere or the other, you should reduce the value by 3000. That's all there is to it, reduce the value of your stock by 3000. Decrease in the value of stock, 3000. We subtracted. That's all there is to it, sir. The two points here, which were actually the two points, were which ones? Cost and NRV, that you have added it to your stock at cost. It should be at NRV. Yes, so subtract the difference, like our first one was which one, sir? The first one was that you counted it at 11,250, but you have to count it at 5250. So subtract it by 6000. You counted it at 15,500, but you have to count it at 12,500 because cost and NRV, which is lower, so you have to count it at 12,500, so subtract 3000. It's an important question; it has come in the exam. Tell me, brother, what is the situation? What is the situation? The question remains the same. The question remains the same, friends. We will tell you quickly. Vishal says, this is the first time I am reading from you, it was good, sir. Child, I teach well. Thank you, friend. Thank you. Yes, yes. Balraj, yes, it’s true, child. He is talking about March. It is okay. He has not given any date here. He simply said as on 31st March. So, you have to do it for that date. Okay, okay. Who is this, child? First, change your name. CA Hardik sir's student. Child, why will 160 be subtracted? The whole 320 will be subtracted. I will tell you after class. That question is gone, sir. Should we actually expect such a lengthy question? Bholū, this has come in the exam. Okay, this question, yes, has come in the exam. Okay, alright, come on, brother, quickly. I will take one or two doubts here on practical question number four, which are looking common to me. Where is it written 15,500? Child, tell me one thing. Tell me one thing, when he told you what? That certain goods costing 15,500 were received from the supplier, received, received, received from the supplier. So if you received them, they would not have been included in the physical counting. Obviously. Okay, 13 lakhs out of three, I don't know, those who have direct knowledge have problems. Okay, fantastic. Okay, is it clear to everyone else? Very good. Come on, brother, come on quickly. All the children will come to practical question number three. Come on quickly, quickly, quickly, child. If a difference of one rupee is coming, then it is due to decimal and rounding off. Your numbers don't cut. Don't worry. P Q 3, P Q 3, many children have problems in this too. A child has also written practical question number three. So come on, brother, come to practical question number three. Let's see why there is a problem. It says, "The profit and loss account of Hanuman Man, yes, showed a net profit of 6 lakhs." You made the profit and loss account, sir. Absolutely. 6 lakhs, 6 lakhs. Alright. After considering the closing stock of 375, we know that, as you make the trading account, you must have put the stock in the trading account, 375. Okay, on 31st March 2022. Yes, sir. Subsequently, the following information was obtained from scrutiny of the books. When you checked the books again, you know, like an audit, something happened, you checked it again, then you found out that there is a big problem, brother. Okay, you have been given some adjustments, yes, and in the end, you have been told to calculate the value of the stock and adjust the net profit. We will come easily, easily, easily. So, you have to calculate two things here. I know exactly where the problem is. We get to know this by talking to you what is going on in your mind and what you think. Okay, so let's quickly go to the first point. The purchase you made, yes, purchase for the year included 15,000 paid for new electric fitting for the shop. So, what does it mean, child? A mistake was made by you, and where did the mistake happen, sir? The mistake happened in passing the entry that you put electric fitting in the purchase. Child, electric fitting is our asset, like furniture and fixtures, electric fitting is your asset. So, 15,000 should have been debited in electric fitting. You debited it in purchase. Yes. So how do you rectify it, sir? Reverse it, correct it. Yes, debit the electric fitting. Yes, and because you debited it in purchase, credit the purchase. I will explain one thing to you very basically, you may know it, but some children may not know it too, that the nominal accounts are those that come in our profit and loss account. Everyone knows. It should be known, sir. Nominal means expenses, losses, income, gains. That's it. When your nominal account is being debited, it means that it is an expense or a loss. Our profit decreases from this. When our nominal account is being credited, it increases our profit. Simple thing. First of all, understand this simple thing. Actually, you should have already known this, but if, in case, you don't know, then there is no problem. Right. Very simple, very simple. Now, all the children will listen to my words carefully. We are here now. You are crediting the purchase. Crediting the purchase means reducing your expenses. Yes, so this increases the profit. That's why I explained a simple thing to you that if you want to understand it directly, understand it this way that whenever the nominal account is credited, your profit will increase. Yes. So, here it has been told to calculate what? To adjust the net profit. So, we make here a profit and loss adjustment account that you have calculated the profit. After that, you are making its adjustments. So the profit you have calculated is 6 lakhs. So, we showed it here as a balancing figure, sir. What did we show? As an opening balance of 6 lakhs. This is what I have calculated. Now some children will ask, sir, why is it coming on the credit side? Child, the profit has a credit balance, right? The credit side is more, the debit side is less. Only then profit comes, right? Yes, there is a profit of 6 lakhs, but friends, now I have to increase the profit by this 15,000. Yes. Now, what is its rectification entry normally? If we talk about its rectification, what entry will you make? We said that the entry will be that you debit your electric fittings, yes, to purchases, right? Exactly. Now, whatever nominal account is there, yes, you can directly write it in its place. What? Profit and loss adjustment account. The children who have read rectification will understand that instead of the nominal account, directly write profit and loss adjustment because the nominal account indirectly goes there. They go there, in the profit and loss. Yes, absolutely correct. So, it means that your profit is increasing by 15,000. First of all, this, I explained this to you. So, what did you write here? By electric fittings, 15,000. Correct. Now, a question comes here, and there is also confusion here whether its impact will come on my closing stock. The answer is absolutely no. This is the confusion. Then the children think, sir, if your purchase is decreasing, then the closing stock will also decrease. Bholū, it doesn't happen like that. This is just a mistake in your entry. What actually happened? You received the stock. No, when the stock was not received, there would not have been any impact on the closing stock. Getting my point. That sir, when did we receive the goods? Such goods were not received. When you purchase goods, those goods are received. You buy goods, they come into your closing stock. You actually made electric fittings, but let's say you are an accountant of a company. The accountant just passed the entry in Tally or any software. So what will be the impact on the closing stock? No impact. The closing stock has been calculated. You might have calculated it by doing physical counting or our warehouse stock registers are made, it is calculated in it. So its impact does not come on our closing stock. Is this point clear? Yes, one wrong entry does not impact our closing stock. Closing stock means the impact of the stock that is lying with you does not come. It does not come. Okay, fine. So it will not have any impact on our closing stock. Now, second, what does it say? Hanuman gave away goods valued at 40,000 as free samples. You know, we can distribute samples, for which you did not pass any entry. Now listen to my words again. When you gave away the goods, gave away the goods, means you gave the goods, then your stock went away. Yes, so it automatically gets subtracted from the closing stock, sir. When you must have given the goods, it would have been subtracted from the stock. It would have. Again, this will not have any impact on the closing stock. Keep this in mind. Right, everybody. Sir, there is no mistake in the closing stock. The closing stock you must have calculated would have been calculated by doing physical verification, etc. Is the point clear? Okay. But it will impact the profit. Absolutely. Now listen to my words carefully. When you distribute goods in free samples, what entry do you pass, friends? We pass the entry that you gave this for business promotion, yes, for advertisement. Yes, so advertisement or business promotion is debited, and because you gave the goods, the purchase account should have been credited. Correct. Yes. Now, I am not going to teach you the journal here. It's a simple thing. It’s a fun thing. What? Both are your nominal accounts. Yes, sir, this is also nominal, meaning it is also being debited and credited. So, it will not have any impact on the profit. No effect on profit. Baba, if the nominal account is being debited and the nominal account is being credited, what impact will it have on the profit? Nothing. So, sir, we will put a note on this that it will not have any impact on the profit. So, I did not put it anywhere in the profit and loss adjustment. Simple. Yes, simple, fantastic. Now, after this, the third point comes, sir. The third point. Yes, sir, the third point. What does it say? Invoices for goods amounting to 250, okay, have been entered on 27th March, but the goods have not. Look what it's saying. It can happen that you passed the entry of goods, but the goods were not received. So its impact will come on the closing stock. Now, for this question, you consider stock as the physical stock, it will be easier for you. Okay. So here it says that you passed the entry of 250,000. You recorded the purchase. The purchase is recorded, but sir, but you did not include the goods in stock yet. We did not include them in stock. So we should include them, because the goods are yours. As I told you, sir, the ownership is with me. Exactly. So we will count them. So we will count them. So we will add it to the closing stock. This is 250,000. Goods purchased but not included in the stock, 250, 250. We understand this much, sir. We absolutely understand that we added this by 250. We added it. This point is clear. Fantastic. Right. But friends, when you increase your closing stock, does your profit get impacted? Yes, it does. Baba, now should I explain this too? When you make the trading account, yes, in the trading account, you write here, right? By closing stock. Correct. You write on the credit side. Correct. So, when the closing stock is increasing, the profit will also increase. Exactly. Yes. When you write closing stock here, an entry is passed for it. If you have studied a little bit about final accounts, if not, I will teach you, sir. What entry is passed? We debit the closing stock, yes, to the trading account. The logic behind this has been explained in class. Closing stock to trading. Yes. So, even if you have recorded the purchase, this entry will have to be passed to record the closing stock, right? Absolutely. So, only then did he say that you did not include it in your stock. The goods were not included in the stock. Okay, so include it if you have not done so. Exactly. So this entry will be passed. Yes. Now look carefully. Here, the trading account is finished. Nominal accounts are finished. So what will come in its place? Profit and loss adjustment account. So, in the profit and loss adjustment, we wrote what? We wrote on the credit side. We wrote on the credit side, by stock, by stock, by stock, how much? 250, 250, which we had not included earlier. That's all there is to it. So, this was also added to our closing stock. Absolutely, it was added. And it increased our profit. Absolutely, it increased. If the closing stock increases, then the profit increases. Is the point clear? Okay. Alright. Now we come to, sir, on which? The fourth point. Yes, sir, we will come to the fourth point. Yes, sir, we will come to the fourth point. So, come on, brother, come to the fourth point. Goods costing 75,000, costing 75,000 sent on sale or return in March. In March, you sent 75,000 goods at a margin, meaning a profit of 1/3 on cost. Again, you are given 1/3 on cost. Exactly. Approval came in April, but you recorded the sales in March because, Bholū, you are children. Okay.

Sir, where did you record the sales? In March. Now tell me, it was wrong, right? I explained that until approval comes, we won't record sales. So, did approval come in March? No. So, should the sales have been considered in March? No. In March, this stock is mine, sir. In March, I will consider this as my stock. Exactly. Oh, I understand. Everyone, is this no? Because you, sir, considered this what? Considered the sales whose? March's. So it wasn't even counted in the stock. Now you understand that because you considered this as sales. Yes, sir. Whose? March's. You, because you see this as sales in April. Look, look, look, come here, come here, everyone, everyone. We considered this as sales in March. So what did we do? By considering the sales in March, I increased my profit. Say yes, sir. How? I will listen, you say yes, yes. Great! So, what did we do, sir? We increased the profit. But we shouldn't have done that, right? Why shouldn't we have done that? Because these are not March sales. Approval came in April. Yes. So, first we will reverse this. Look, what entry would you have passed in March? Debtor to sales. This entry was passed, right? Exactly. So, the sales you credited. Yes, debit this. Debit sales. We will reduce sales. We will reduce sales. Therefore, my child, therefore, we wrote on the debit side in the profit and loss adjustment, "To Sales". We could also write "To Debtor" here, there is no problem, but "To Sales," "To Sales" shows that we reduced sales. One lakh rupees, why? Because, my child, come here, come here, come here, come back, come back. Yes. I told you that the cost of goods is 75,000. Yes. And you have also been given the profit on the cost. Good. So, you got 1/3 profit on this cost, meaning 25,000 profit. So, it means 1 lakh rupees sales. Cost plus profit is equal to sales. Yes. So, you recorded 1 lakh rupees sales in March. We reversed it. Yes. The second thing is because I am not considering this as March sales, my child, this should be counted in my stock. Oh yes. And how much is the stock? 75,000. Because stock is counted at cost, and our cost is 75,000. Exactly. So, the same thing, what? The same thing, that we will pass the same entry, that we will debit the stock, it is an asset. To trading. And instead of trading here, what will come? Profit and loss adjustment account. So, it's an easy question. Why are you so worried? Look, so what did we do, sir? In the closing stock. Yes. We added 75, right? Because we did not count them, right? Because I considered this as March sales. Now, if I considered it as sales, I will not count it in the stock. Correct. So, we added 75 and passed the closing stock entry as I told you. Yes. By stock, by stock is visible to you. Yes. How much? 75. We reversed the 1 lakh rupees sales because it is not my March sales at all, and you considered it as March sales. So, first, we reversed the sales. Second, because you did not count it in the stock. Now, if you consider it as sales, how will you count it in the stock? Exactly. So, I counted it in the stock. This is your adjusted net profit, and this is your closing stock. Oh my god. Yes. How are you doing, Badu? What does the public say? What does the public say? Did you understand? [Music] No break, my child. Let's finish it. Give a break. [Music] Why didn't you do 1? We do 14 when I have to find out the profit on sales. That means I have the sales amount. Yes. I have to find its profit. Now, I have the cost, and I have to find the profit only on the cost. So, it's good, right? What's the problem? Nitin, Bholunath wrote it in debit as well as credit. They wrote it in both places, so what difference does it make? Ignore it. Yes, no, no, my child, you will have to make the profit and loss adjustment. Okay, everyone, Preetish, you don't need to do the entry. That chapter has been removed. What didn't we do in the fourth? Why didn't we reverse it? My child, why would I reverse it? I have to record it in March, then I will record it in March. If I have to record it in March then we are recording it in reverse, I will reverse it going to April, right? Okay, I have written your doubts, two or three. I will take doubts then I will talk to you. Wait a second. Oh, come here, Bholunath, come here. Yes, come, come, come here. First point, the first point, the first point, come here. What doubt are you asking? That sir, why didn't you reverse the sales in the fourth? Why would I reverse the sales? He said in March 2020, goods of 2 lakh were sold, delivered in. Good. In the sales of April. What does this mean? That you recorded the sales in April. It shouldn't have been in April, it should have been in March. So we will record it in March. We will record it in March. So, I recorded it in March, 1 lakh rupees sales. Yes, sir. This was recorded. Recorded. When I do the accounting for April, my child, I will reverse it in April because you recorded it incorrectly in April, but are we doing April accounting? No. Okay. And what else was there? Oh, it's a very easy point. Yes. Fourth point, okay, I told you. And the 75,000 point, come here, my child, come here. Look. Yes, I'm telling the fifth point again, listen to me carefully, look here, look. Yes. I have mixed it up. All the children look here, look, look, look here. Yes. What does it say? It says that you sent goods on approval, whose costing is 75,000. So you have given the costing here. Okay, right. And you have been told that the profit on this is given to you as 1/3 on cost. So my child, here, because I have the cost, and sir, I have been given the profit on the cost itself, so it's good. 25,000. We calculate sales when I have been given the sales. Okay. So this 1 lakh rupees sales, you did what, friends? You recorded it in March. First of all, should it have been recorded in March? No. And if it shouldn't have been done, then you will reverse it, right? We will reverse it. We will reverse it. You credit sales, so we have debited sales here. First, this is done. That 1 lakh rupees, what do you do? What do you do in the trading account? You write it on the credit side in the trading account. So, my child, now to reverse it, we have written it on the debit side. So, this 1 lakh rupees came. Is this clear? Yes. Now we come to closing stock. Because you considered the March sales, you wouldn't have included it in the closing stock, right? My child, I include in the closing stock only those things which are unsold with me. What do we call closing stock? Unsold goods. Because you considered this as sold in March, you wouldn't have counted it at all. Correct. But now, because I am not considering it as March sales, sir, we will consider it as April sales. We are not considering March sales. So, will I add this to my closing stock? The answer is yes. And my child, we can't just add it like that in accounts. Anything is not plus or minus in accounts, there is debit or credit. When we pass the entry, the closing stock, I told you that stock is debited to trading. Now trading is not here, so profit and loss adjustment. And this is your costing, and your costing is 75, so you credited it in profit and loss adjustment. Credited 75 and added it to the stock. Added it to the stock. Tell me, what is the problem in this? Everyone. Yes. Now listen to me carefully. Yes. Our inventory has that topic left, which has never come in the exam. Yes. Which one? Historical cost. So, I am saying, will you do the historical cost? Man, should I also teach FIFO LIFO? That's why I did the best thing today, that we started with an important topic. I think we did a very good job, otherwise, it would have taken time in the beginning. One second, wait. What am I saying? What am I saying? Listen. What do they say? What's left? Sir, this is only half an hour and a quarter of an hour. This is only half an hour and a quarter of an hour. Yes. Now, the point is to focus on those things which are important for the exams. What do you say, sir? 100% better, should we focus on those things that are important for the exams? We will do it. So, I will do this, listen to me carefully, you do it, you can do it comfortably. If, in case, you have doubts, I will take it in half an hour to a quarter of an hour in any class. Otherwise, my child, we have done everything. This LIFO FIFO, this and that, I don't like it either, because it's neither worth coming in the exam, nor has it ever come. But don't leave it. Still, okay. We will do it. We will do it. Yes, because it's been three hours. I think it's enough for today. It's the first day. We have to do it daily. We have to do it daily. Okay, fantastic. Many children are saying okay. Yes. In case someone feels like doing it, then my child, I will do it later, don't worry. Okay, let's do this now. Now listen to me carefully, guys. Hello, before leaving. Yes, mean children, come here. Yes, sir, the class is over. We are leaving. Listen to me carefully. First of all, friends, you understand that today we have done the inventory roughly. Okay, sir, roughly. Yes. Roughly. Yes. Roughly, we have completed the inventory. But, in case, suppose some children felt today that, man, this was not coming at all, or anything, so what do you have to do, sir? You have to practice these questions again, which questions I made you do in class. Yes. These are the most important questions of Studymate. You have to do this. You have to do this. Now, those children who are saying, provide notes, listen carefully. Okay. One thing is to do this. Yes. What is the second thing to do? As many children have attended live because I want to know. Yes. Comment that sir 100% inventory done. I should also feel good daily. Yes, I read each and every comment. I am not joking. I read all the comments daily. Okay, if I don't reply, then I like it. Sir, 100% inventory done. Yes, everyone who was in the live class has to do it. Everyone has to do it. Right. Otherwise, there will be class tomorrow. There will be class tomorrow. Now for notes, okay, my child, okay. What will you remember? On the application, this PDF, on the application, I will create a folder, on the application, I will create a folder. Yes. Okay, for what? For January 25. I hope all the children have used the application. Oh, not here, after the class ends, you have to comment, Bholunath, on the used application, in January 25. Yes, sir, I will upload it. Absolutely correct. I will upload it. Is this clear? We, everyone, put it on Telegram. We will put it on Telegram, my child. Okay, put it on both places. Sir, we will put it on both places. We will also upload it on Used and also put it on Telegram. We will also put it on Telegram. Is the matter clear? Yes. Like the video, we will meet tomorrow. We will meet tomorrow, friends. Listen, we will meet tomorrow. We will meet you again at 4 o'clock. At 4 o'clock. I have shared the schedule with you. Yes, I think I have shared it, right? Where is our planning schedule? Here it is. Yes, tomorrow we have depreciation. Oh Baba, re Baba. Tomorrow we have depreciation. Yes, tomorrow we have depreciation. So, tomorrow we will do depreciation. Reach at 4 o'clock in the evening. If you feel that yes, in three hours, your 5 to 10 marks are secured, then silently reach, and I'm telling you, effectiveness, efficiency, productivity is more in the live class. Attend the live class, you don't pay attention in the recording. There are many things in the world. All right, okay. The timing is four to seven only. Four to seven, three hours. Okay, guys. Look, Bholunath, what are the children saying? Don't teach me this. My child, the video has been uploaded, go and check. Coco's also said, teach Coco's also. Okay. All right. Bye, bye. Bye, bye. Say bye, bye. Oh, say bye, bye, man. Okay, guys, bye-bye, take care. I hope you enjoyed it. I generally enjoyed it very much that, man, such a big chapter was finished in three hours. It's a fun thing. All right. Let's go. Bye, guys. Bye-bye. Bye-bye, bye-bye. Take care, everyone. If anyone has a doubt, my child, mention it in the comments. I will make sure that I reply to you. Definitely. Yes, definitely. Write 100% inventory done in the comments. Bye, it was fun, it was fun.