Transcription
我们了解到,随着男性年龄的增长,精子会积累 DNA 损伤,这会增加风险。今天我们将探讨冷冻卵子的最佳时机,实际过程是怎样的,以及关于辅助生育补充剂的真相。
当我发布了一条关于冷冻卵子的小信息时,引起了一些争议。人们在我的评论区说:“不,生物钟对女性来说是谎言。它已经被揭穿了。”哦,不。如果你现在掌握了信息,这些是你主动做出的决定,而不是将来被剥夺的决定。
>> 你应该什么时候冷冻卵子?
>> 我要非常诚实地说,我不认为人们会喜欢这个答案。
>> 我可以问一个私人问题吗?
>> 嗯,[笑声] 但首先,请不要忘记订阅或留下五星好评。这真的能帮助我们继续邀请能为你提供信息、帮助你过上更快乐、更健康生活的嘉宾。谢谢。
你好,我是 Nagler 医生。欢迎来到她的播客。
>> Nagler 医生。我最近冷冻了我的卵子,我真的很想来播客上,大声说出我所有的观点和我的经历。但我认识到我的经历只是一个人的,我想,谁比去年我们最受欢迎的嘉宾更适合加入我呢?这样也能确保我们提供给听众的是最好的信息,而不仅仅是基于我的经验。所以,我们收到了社区关于冷冻卵子的许多问题。在我解释我个人冷冻卵子的一些原因(我之前并没有很好地解释过)之前,我很想听听你的看法。你在诊所里看到哪些女性在寻求冷冻卵子?她们的原因是什么?
>> 是的。所以,嗯,我们看到很多女性,很多年轻女性,她们知道自己将来想要孩子,但由于各种原因,她们目前还没有这样做。所以,嗯,单身女性,有时在恋爱关系中的女性,但由于其他原因,比如职业原因,可能在推迟。我们看到越来越多的人带着公司福利前来,她们的公司,通常是科技公司,会为她们支付冷冻卵子的费用。有时我们也会看到处于恋爱关系中的人,她们前来是为了了解情况,并可能考虑为将来冷冻卵子或胚胎。
>> 我觉得你提到公司福利这一点非常有趣,因为尽管这很有争议,但它本身就是一个完全不同的话题。公司应该提供卵子冷冻作为福利吗?这是一个现实,我认为当我发布关于冷冻卵子的小信息时,它引起了一些争议,但归根结底,我认为这是一个人们正在考虑的现实,这就是为什么我认为这一集非常重要,稍后我们会讨论成本,以及它是否是你的正确决定。但在此之前,我想解释一下我的一些原因,因为我认为我收到的很多评论都是“你为什么要这样做?因为你有一个伴侣,你有一个男朋友。”而每个人的情况都是非常非常个人的,但我的男朋友的出生年份让我每次看到他的驾照都感到厌恶,它以数字二开头。我知道。我知道。所以这是我的一些主要原因之一,我27岁,在经历这个过程时是26岁,即使对我来说,这也不是我首先考虑的事情,但对他来说更是如此。所以,我认为人们经常谈论冷冻卵子时,会说“哦,如果你还没有找到合适的伴侣,那很好。”而我收到的一些评论是,也许我有点傻,冷冻了,或者别的什么。然后另一件事是,你实际上不知道会发生什么,而不是可能发生什么。我认为能够稍微减轻压力,不把它看作是保险政策,而是能够采取一些保护措施,对我来说是有益的。
>> 是的。
>> 是的。所以一个女性因为任何原因来到诊所,她都在考虑这件事。一个非常大的问题。你能从头到尾给我讲讲卵子冷冻的过程吗?
>> 是的。所以,这是好的。假设你是一个单身女性来到诊所。谈论卵子冷冻。我们会进行一次全面的病史采集,了解一下你的周期、你的整体健康状况、你以前是否有过怀孕等。我们会做一些血液检查,我确定我们会稍后讨论,比如 AMH,看看你的卵巢储备,或者你还剩下多少卵子,你还会做一次扫描。通常是阴道内扫描,探头会进入阴道。我们会检查你所有的盆腔解剖结构,比如你的子宫、卵巢,另一半的检查卵巢储备。AMH 的另一面是,我们还会看卵巢上的卵泡数量。AMH 和你看到的卵巢上的卵泡数量是相似的。所以,如果你的 AMH 是五,如果我看到五个卵泡,那完全是符合预期的。我不会期望看到二十个。如果我看到五个,AMH 是五。
>> 如果你看到二十个,那可能意味着什么?
>> 这不太可能。如果你,我的意思是,如果你有二十个卵泡,你可能有一个更高的 AMH。然后我们可能会考虑像 PCOS 这样的情况。所有这些都说明,扫描结果在某些方面实际上比 AMH 更重要,因为当我们进行促排卵时,这能让我们了解我们期望取多少卵子。所以你会有咨询、病史、超声波扫描,当然我们还会寻找扫描中的任何其他问题,比如我刚才说的,是否有 PCOS 的迹象。有时可以看到子宫内膜异位症,比如卵巢上有子宫内膜异位囊肿。扫描中还有其他迹象,比如子宫腺肌症、肌瘤等。然后就卵子冷冻的实际过程而言,它基本上就像 IVF 的第一部分。所以我们要刺激卵巢。现在,在一个正常的月份,你的大脑会向卵巢发送信号,在这些卵泡中,只有一个会成为优势卵泡。它会长到大约 2 厘米大,然后在周期的中间破裂并释放一个卵子,你就排卵了。有些人会感觉到这种周期中期的疼痛。现在,显然我们不想要一个卵子,那效率不高。所以我们要给你更多的这种激素,和你大脑发送给卵巢的信号是相同的激素。我们希望刺激尽可能多的这些卵泡。所以,正如我所说,如果你有五个卵泡,那么我们就会尝试刺激所有五个。如果你有二十个,在理想情况下,我们会刺激二十个。平均而言,人们需要几周的每日注射。告诉我你对注射的感受。首先要说的是,针头很小。就像你看到有人给自己注射胰岛素一样,通常耐受性很好,但当然,有些人普遍不喜欢针头。所以,几周的注射,然后当它们长到一定大小时,我们就知道里面有成熟卵子的可能性很大。然后你注射一针来完成卵子的成熟,然后进行取卵。所以,你注射触发针,通常在大约 36 小时后进行取卵。取卵本身通常在镇静下进行。所以你睡着了,你不会感到疼痛,但它不像全身麻醉。所以你自己在呼吸。如果有些人因为任何原因没有接受镇静,你也可以在局部麻醉下进行。所以如果你因为任何原因不想接受镇静,那也是一种可能性。与你做超声波扫描完全一样,探头会进入阴道。一个[清嗓子]非常细的针头连接在探头上,它会穿过阴道壁进入卵巢。这一切都在超声波引导下进行,所以你知道你在做什么。你进入每一个卵泡。你在扫描中看不到卵子,因为它们是微小的,所以你用肉眼看不到它们,但你进入卵泡,然后你基本上吸出所有的液体。液体直接进入一个试管。试管直接进入实验室,胚胎学家在那里用显微镜等待,看看液体中是否含有卵子。一个卵泡可以提供一个卵子。在理想情况下,每个卵泡都会含有一个卵子。但这并不总是现实,但大多数都应该含有一个卵子。我提到 AMH 和卵泡计数是因为有时很容易看到,你知道,也许有人在网上获得了 20 个卵子,而你却在想,我只得到了五个。但正如我所说,一个卵泡可以提供一个卵子,而你只能刺激存在的卵泡。这取决于你的卵巢储备,因为扫描中卵巢储备很高的人可能是拥有 20 个卵泡的人。卵巢储备较低的人可能是拥有五个卵泡的人。所以这与你做得不好或别人做得很好无关。这只是关于对你来说正常或预期的结果,因为我们无法违背你的生物学。如果你明白我的意思,我们无法取出比卵泡数量更多的卵子。是的。我们还会讨论对于患有 PCOS 的人来说,这可能会有所不同。是的。就像根据你的病史有不同的情况一样。但我想提出几点:你提到这基本上是 IVF 的第一部分,这很有趣,因为当我冷冻卵子引起一些争议时,我的看法是,如果六分之一的夫妇会经历不孕,我们知道有多少夫妇会接受生育治疗吗?
>> 不,没关系,没关系。但如果六分之一的夫妇会经历不孕,
>> 那么很有可能,嗯,有相当大的机会,
>> 你会是其中一对夫妇。如果你有能力进行 IVF 的第一部分,当你的卵子质量更好时,这似乎是合理的。我完全理解卵子冷冻的争议来自于成本。这是一个有趣的看待方式,尤其是我认为关于卵子冷冻的谈话经常让女性感到羞耻,尤其是雄心勃勃的职业女性。而且我并不认为这在很多时候是公平的。是的。
>> 也许任何正在听的人,如果对卵子冷冻有负面情绪,我希望你退一步,也许评估一下这种情绪来自哪里,因为我做这件事时,它对我来说是一件非常有争议的事情。我确实觉得有些人对冷冻卵子的女性存在负面刻板印象。
>> 是的。
>> 这是我要说的第一点。另一件事是关于扫描。
>> 我之所以冷冻卵子,是因为我打算制作一个视频,比较家用生育能力测试和诊所版本。所以,我只做了血液检查。没有做扫描,试图让测试公平。我认为这一点非常重要,如果你得到一个家用测试。很多家用测试你需要付费,然后他们会建议你之后再做一次扫描,但扫描需要额外付费。而如果你去诊所,我我意思是,如果我错了,请纠正我,我不认为很多诊所只提供血液检查。我认为大多数诊所会建议你同时进行血液检查和扫描。
>> 是的。
>> 是的。我我我们只是工作流程的一部分,对吧?就像你不会错过工作流程的重要部分一样。
>> 我认为对于任何正在进行生育能力检查的人来说,这一点非常重要,因为成本确实会累加,如果你还要进行家用测试。
>> 是的。
>> 然后是扫描。所以,伙计们,我必须说实话。几年前我放节育环的经历有点创伤,从那以后,我再也不喜欢任何妇科检查了。我认为,尤其是作为一名医生,我我你知道我们见过太多人的私密部位了,说实话,我知道你们可能会不相信,但我真的不记得任何人的,不记得任何人的私密解剖部位了。但我仍然讨厌任何妇科检查。
>> 是的。所以当我走进诊所,要做扫描,你看到那个支架,我,你知道,这并不好,我能理解为什么它不愉快。但到了卵子冷冻过程的最后,当我告诉你,我只是抬起腿,毫不犹豫。将探头放在你体内当然一开始不舒服,但它不疼。
>> 是的。它不应该疼。是的。
>> 是的。有一些时候,当她以不同的角度插入探头时,会有点不舒服,但除此之外,它不疼。最糟糕的部分通常是感觉有点不体面。但
>> 是的。是的,我明白了。而且我认为值得一提的是,如果你在抹片检查或放置节育环时遇到困难,你知道,放置节育环非常不同,因为我们要将一个器械放在你的宫颈上,而宫颈非常敏感,有很多神经末梢。所以,很多人觉得这是一种非常不愉快,我认为“不愉快”一词太轻描淡写了,是一种非常痛苦的经历。同样的情况也适用于窥器,你知道,但我们没有,你知道,窥器没有接触到你的宫颈,但探头,它很小,我们使用大量的润滑剂,你知道,通常在扫描过程中,你会有一个毯子,或者,你知道,我们有这些裙子,你在检查期间穿。所以,我们没有,我甚至不看那里。我我最初只是为了插入探头而看,然后我的眼睛会盯着屏幕。当然,我会看着你的脸,确保你看起来不痛苦或不舒服,但除此之外,你知道,我不会注意到你是否打蜡了,是否刮了毛,是否做了足部护理,你知道,这些事情。而且对我们来说,我们处于一个专业环境中,对吧?所以,这也不是我们考虑的事情。我真的强烈建议人们不要担心这些事情。
>> 是的。
>> 是的。我还想就家用血液检查说一点。现在,我不想让人们认为我反对这些血液检查。我不是。我认为了解你身体的更多数据点是好的,但重要的是要强调它只是工作流程的一部分。所以,如果你最终需要,嗯,我我不知道说“如果你最终需要”是否正确。我认为如果你在测试你的 AMH,你应该同时进行扫描。所以,值得看看总成本,而且,嗯,这并不是针对任何做这些测试的公司,问题不在于公司,问题在于在生育能力方面存在一个巨大的差距,女性的知识也存在巨大的差距,所以这些东西是可以理解的,而且它们不会是完美的,但它们正在帮助人们收集更多信息,但值得考虑更大的图景。我也认为家用测试的一个非常重要的好处是,生育能力是一个如此禁忌的话题。对一些人来说,走进生育诊所似乎是一大步,能够在自己家中舒适地迈出第一步,并且使其更容易获得。有一个巨大的,是的,巨大的好处。而且,正如你所说,关于人们对卵子冷冻有相当强烈的看法,我认为也值得一提的是,卵子冷冻,我的意思是,这项技术已经存在很长时间了,和我们做 IVF 一样长,对吧?但这种社会性卵子冷冻的想法只在过去几十年才进入主流。所以,它直到 2012 年才停止被标记为实验性。这是一个很短的时间。人们经常说,我认为这是人们信息不全的问题之一。哦,很少有人真的回来使用他们的卵子。哦,你知道,这些都是像反驳,好像我们在做,你知道,我们在做卵子冷冻,但背后有一些阴暗的事情在发生。嗯,第一,它存在的时间不长。正如我所说,它才刚刚停止。社会性卵子冷冻存在的时间不长。是的,不是每个人都会回来使用他们的卵子,因为人们会先自然尝试,对吧?你不会,你不会假设你会立即回来并使用你的卵子来创造胚胎。大多数人会先尝试一段时间,如果他们需要生育治疗,才会回来使用他们的卵子。
>> 我我很高兴你提到了这一点,因为这是我收到的一个重要评论,大多数人最终都不会使用他们的卵子。伙计们,我真的希望我不会使用我的卵子。我真的真的希望我不用使用我的卵子。你在我们上次一起的节目中说你不喜欢它被称作保险政策,但同样,你也不想使用你的汽车保险,你也不想使用你的房屋保险。
>> 你不希望你的房子着火,但你知道,如果有什么,但再次,这也不是保证,因为它不是 100% 会赔付。但
>> 最终,如果你,你知道,五年后回来,一切顺利,希望你不需要使用它们。但如果你需要,那么你就有你 26 岁的卵子在银行里,统计学上来说,它们会比你 35 岁的卵子产生更多的正常胚胎。这并不是在羞辱女性,说“哦,你知道,超过这个年龄,就像只是给人们事实一样。”好吧?而且,你知道,我们有时会被指责散布恐惧或过度教育。我明白,因为生育能力一直被用来“用它来打击女性”,强迫她们在不想开始家庭时开始家庭,或者她们还没有准备好,或者无论是什么原因,或者也许是和错误的人一起。但替代方案是什么?就像把头埋在沙子里,因为如果你现在掌握了信息,这些是你主动做出的决定,而不是将来被剥夺的决定。
你做了一个非常非常棒的卷轴,我很高兴你做了,因为我看到一个病毒式的 TikTok,我当时想“哦不”,它有数百万数百万的观看次数,它基本上是一个女人说“生物钟对女性来说不存在”。当我发布关于生物钟的东西时,人们在我的评论区说“不,生物钟对女性来说是谎言,它已经被揭穿了。是对男性说的。是对男性说的。是对男性说的。”我当时在想,“我的天,这个 TikTok 已经造成了如此大的伤害。”我完全理解为什么人们看到这个 TikTok 并紧紧抓住它,因为你说得对,女性的生育能力和生育能力被用作衡量她们作为女性有多成功的标准,你知道,在过去几百年,几千年里。所以当有人告诉她们,“实际上,我们一直被欺骗了。是男性。他们是问题。”人们会抓住这一点,而揭穿它非常非常非常困难。
>> 是的。
>> 也许我应该播放那个卷轴,然后如果你不介意解释一下,我认为那将非常有帮助。
>> 当然。是的。
>> 他们告诉女性,她们的价值有一个保质期,但猜猜怎么着?你的卵子比任何人认为的都要坚韧、聪明、更有弹性。而且说实话,真正的生物钟可能属于男性,而不是女性。科学也支持这一点。
>> 想法?好的。所以这个创作者提到的论文,我认为是去年一月份发布的,第一,它在研究,它在研究卵子,但它在研究线粒体 DNA。所以,作为人类,我们有 46 条染色体,对吧?23 条来自我们的母亲,23 条来自我们的父亲。染色体中的物质来自细胞核。细胞还有其他部分,比如线粒体。如果你回想一下你的,你知道,GCSE,GCSE 生物学,细胞的能量工厂,它显然在遗传上有所贡献,但不是对染色体数量的贡献。这篇论文研究的是线粒体 DNA。它发现,在女性卵子中,线粒体 DNA 在你大约 42 岁之前都相当稳定。所以这是有希望的,这是,你知道,这是有希望的信息,但这并没有改变随着我们年龄增长,我们流产的几率增加的事实,通常是因为我们创造的胚胎,它们只是有内置的错误机制。随着我们年龄的增长,这种情况会增加,然后染色体数量不正确的几率就会更高。最常见的你想到的是 21 号染色体多一条,就像唐氏综合征一样。但还有其他的,你知道,通常不会导致活产婴儿,这也许就是为什么我们不经常听到它们的原因。所以随着年龄的增长,流产的几率更高,以及这些遗传或染色体错误的几率更高。所以这篇论文是有希望的,但它并没有改变关于生育能力下降和流产风险增加的事实。这并不意味着这不是重要信息,但它并没有改变这个事实。将这些信息进行解读,说“实际上生物钟并不存在”是错误的,而且是危险的。
>> 它是危险的。我的意思是,我actually 收到有人给我发消息说,他们做了一个周期的卵子冷冻,他们说,“我不会继续进行第二个周期了”,然后给我发了这段视频。是的。所以,它正在产生真实生活的影响。对吧?
>> 我在我的评论区看到了,但人们真的在说“科学已经揭穿了它”,而我当时想,“不”。
>> 同样,这是问题所在,你知道,我不是这样说的,因为我喜欢“哦,我们应该限制信息或研究。”我认为人们能够获取信息是件好事。但问题是,如果你没有背景,或者如果你没有,如果你自己不阅读论文并批判性地评估它,你知道,你只是听了 10 秒钟的片段。
>> 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,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是,那是, A woman comes to this clinic for whatever reason it is something that she is considering. Very big question. Can you talk me through the process of egg freezing start to finish?
>> Yeah. So, this is okay. Let's say that you're a single woman coming into the clinic. Talk about egg freezing. We're going to do a general history, just find out a bit about, you know, your cycles, your general health, have you had any previous pregnancies, etc. uh we're going to do some blood tests uh like which I'm sure we'll come on to but the AMH to have a look at the which reflects your egg reserve or how many eggs you have left and you have a scan as well. It's usually an internal scan so the probe goes inside the vagina. We have a look at all of your pelvic anatomy so your uterus your ovaries the other kind of half of the checking the egg reserve. The other side of doing the AMH is that we look at the number of follicles on the ovaries as well. The AMH and the number of follicles that you see on the ovaries are similar. So say your AMH is five. If I saw five follicles, that would be perfectly expected. I wouldn't expect to see 20. If I saw five, an AMH of five.
>> And if you saw 20, what would that maybe?
>> It's unlikely. If you I mean, if you had 20 follicles, you probably have a higher AMH. And then we might be thinking about something like PCOS, for example. All that to say that the findings on the scan is the is in in some respects actually more important than the AMH because when we're looking at doing the stimulation that is what's giving us the idea of how many eggs we're expecting to retrieve. So you have the consultation, the history, the ultrasound scan and of course we're also looking for any other things on the scan like are we seeing like I said any signs of PCOS. Sometimes you can see endometriosis like if there are endometriotic type cysts on the ovaries for example and there are other signs on the scan as well or adenomosis fibroids etc. Then in terms of the actual process of egg freezing it's essentially like the first part of doing IVF. So we're going to stimulate the ovaries. Now in a normal month what will happen is that your brain will be sending a signal to the ovaries and of those follicles that we see one will become the dominant follicle. it'll get to a size about 2 cm then middle of your cycle it will rupture and release an egg and you ovulate. Some people feel that actually that midcycle pain. Now obviously we don't want to get one egg that wouldn't be very uh efficient. So we're going to give you more of this hormone uh same same hormone that is signaling from your brain to your ovary. And we want to stimulate as many of these follicles as we can. So, as I say, if you have five follicles, then we try and stimulate in a perfect world, all five. If you've got 20, in a perfect world, we'll stimulate 20. People have on average a couple of weeks of daily injections. And tell us about how you felt with the injections. It's a small needle. That's the first thing to say. It's like if you've seen somebody giving themselves like insulin or something, it's usually fairly well tolerated, but of course, some people don't do well with needles in general. So, a couple of weeks of injections and then when they get to a good size, we know that there's a good chance that there will be a mature egg inside. Then you have an injection to kind of the final step of maturing the egg and then you have your egg collection. So, you take the trigger injection and then usually about 36 hours later you have your egg collection. The egg collection itself can be done, it's usually done under sedation. So you are asleep, you don't feel any pain, but it's not like a general anesthetic. So you're breathing for your for yourself. If some people don't have the sedation for whatever reason, and you can actually do it under local anesthetic as well. So if you for whatever reason don't want to have that, that that's a possibility. In exactly the same way that you have the ultrasound scan, the probe goes inside the vagina. A [clears throat] very fine needle is attached to the probe, which basically goes through the wall of the the vagina into the ovary. This is all done under ultrasound guidance, so you see where you're going. And you're going into each one of these follicles. You don't see the eggs on the scan because they're microscopic, so you don't see them with a naked eye, but you go into the follicle, and you basically suck all of the fluid out. The fluid goes straight into a tube. The tube goes straight into the lab where the embryologist is waiting with a microscope to see if that fluid contains an egg. One follicle can give you one egg. In an ideal world, every follicle will contain an egg. That's not always the reality, but the majority of them should contain an egg. I mention about the AMH and the follicle count because sometimes it's easy to see, you know, maybe somebody online got 20 eggs and you're thinking, well, I only got five. But, as I say, one follicle can give you one egg and you can only stimulate the follicles that are there. And that depends on your egg reserve because somebody with a very high reserve on the scan might be the person with 20 follicles. Somebody with a lower reserve might be the person with the five follicles. So it's not about you having done badly or somebody having done really well. It's just about what is normal or expected for you because we can't defy your biology. We can't take more eggs than there are follicles if you see what I'm saying. Yeah. going to come on to as well how that might be different for someone who it has PCOS for example. Yeah. Like the different sort of situations based on your medical history. But there were a couple of points I wanted to pull up on was it's interesting that you said about it's essentially doing the first part of IVF because when it garnered a little bit of controversy that I was freezing my eggs. The way I saw it was if one in six couples experience infertility, do we know how many of those couples go through fertility treatments?
>> No, that's all right. That's fine. But if if one in six couples experience infertility,
>> there's quite a high chance that actually well there's there's a there's a reasonable chance that
>> you would be one of those couples. If you have the means to be able to do that first part of IVF when the quality of your eggs is better, that seems like a reasonable thing to do. And I completely get the controversy around egg freezing does come from the cost. It's an interesting way of looking at it, especially when I think the conversation around egg freezing often feels very shaming on women, especially ambitious career women. And I don't necessarily think that's fair a lot of the time. Yeah.
>> Anyone maybe who is listening who does have this internal negative feelings towards egg freezing. I would ask you to just step back and maybe assess where that comes from because that's how I felt when it was an extremely controversial thing for me to do. It did feel like there was some prejudices that existed for people to have this negative stereotype of women who freeze their eggs.
>> Yeah,
>> that was one point I was going to make. The other one was about the scan.
>> So, the reason I froze my eggs was because I set out to make a video comparing at home fertility test and an incl clinic version. So, I only had the blood test. didn't have the scan to try and make the test fair. And I think that's really important to point out if you do get an at home test. A lot of them you pay for the at home test and then they do recommend you get a scan afterwards, but then that scan comes at an extra cost. Whereas if you go into a clinic, I I mean, correct me if I'm wrong, I don't think many clinics offer just the blood test. I think most clinics would recommend you get the blood test and the scan.
>> Yeah.
>> Yeah. I mean, they we it's just part of the workup, right? It's like you wouldn't you wouldn't just miss a big part of the workup.
>> I think that's really important for people who are looking at getting any sort of facility workup to think about because the cost really does
>> add up if you're getting an at home test on top.
>> Yeah.
>> And then the scan. So guys, I've got to be honest. I had a bit of a traumatic experience getting my coil put in a few years ago. And ever since then, I do not like any gynecological exam. I think especially as I don't know as a doctor I have well you know we have seen so many naked people's intimate parts of their body and genuinely I know you hear doctors say this and you might not believe it but genuinely I would not I do not remember
>> anyone's no
>> bit like anyone's private anatomical bits and pieces at all
>> but I still hate any sort of gynecological exam.
>> Yeah. So when I walk in and I'm getting this scan and you just see the stirrups and I, you know, it's just not I can understand why it's not pleasant. But by the end of the egg freezing process, when I tell you I was just getting up there, whacking my legs up, not thinking twice. Having the probe
>> obviously inside you is
>> not pleasant initially, but you It's not painful.
>> Yeah. It shouldn't be painful. Yeah.
>> Yeah. There were parts maybe when she was putting the probe in in different angles which were a little bit more uncomfortable, but otherwise it's it's not painful. The worst part is generally feeling a little bit more undignified. But that
>> Yeah. Yeah, I get you. And I think it's worth saying actually if you're somebody who has a difficult time with smear tests or like a coil insertion, you know, the coil insertion number one is very different because we are putting an instrument on your cervix and the cervix is so sensitive and has so many nerve endings. So, lots of people find that to be a really un not I think unpleasant is an understatement, a really painful experience. Same thing with the speculum, you know, but we're not, you know, the speculum isn't touching your cervix, but the probe and it's small and it's we use a lot of gel and you know, usually during the scan, you have like either like a blanket or, you know, we have these skirts that you put on during the examination. So, we're not I'm not even looking down there. I'm I'm looking initially just to put the probe in and then my eyes are on the screen. Obviously, I'm looking at your face to make sure that you don't look like you're in pain or you're uncomfortable, but apart from that, you know, I don't notice if you have waxed, if you have shaved, if you've had a pedicure, you know, these things. And also for us, we're in a professional setting, right? So, it's not something that's even crossing our minds. I would just really strongly urge people not to worry about those things.
>> Yeah.
>> Yeah. I wanted to just make a point as well about the at home blood tests. Now, I don't want people to think that I'm against these blood tests. I'm not. I think it's good to have more data points about your body, but it's really important that you highlight the fact that it's just one part of the workup. And so, you if you do end up needing well, I don't I don't think it's right to say if you end up needing. I think you should if you're testing your AMH, I think you should be having a scan. So it's worth looking at the total cost of that and you know again it's not anything against any companies that do these tests because the issue is not the companies the issue is that there has been a huge gap in you know looking at fertility and there's a huge knowledge gap for women as well and so these things are coming in understandably and it's not going to be perfect but they are helping people to gather more information but it's just worth like thinking about the bigger picture as I also think something really important with the at home tests, a huge huge benefit is where fertility is such a taboo topic. For some people, it might seem like such a huge step to step into a fertility clinic and to be able to take that first step in the comfort of your own home and making it more accessible as well. There's a huge yeah a huge huge benefit for that. And just to point to what you said about, you know, people having quite strong opinions about egg freezing, I think it's also worth saying that egg freezing, I mean, the technology has been around for a long time, as long as we've been doing IVF, right? But this idea of social egg freezing has only come into the mainstream in the last, you know, couple of decades. So, it was only it only stopped being labeled experimental in 2012. That's a short time frame. People often say, I think this is one of the issues where people have a little bit of information but not the whole picture. Oh, a really small amount of people actually come back to use their eggs. Oh, you know, it's these kind of like rebuttals that as though we are doing, you know, we're doing egg freezing, but there are these sort of shady things going on in the background. Well, number one, it hasn't been around for that long. As I say, it's only stopped it. Social egg freezing hasn't been around for that long. And yes, not everybody comes back to use their eggs because people will try first naturally, right? You don't it's not the assumption that you will immediately come back and just use your eggs to create embryos. Most people will have a period of trying before then if they need fertility treatment coming back and using their eggs.
>> I I think I'm so glad you touched on that cuz that was a big comment that I got was most people don't end up using their eggs. Guys, I really hope I don't use my eggs. I really really hope I don't have to use my eggs. You said in the last episode that we did together that you don't like it being referred to as an insurance policy, but in the same way you don't want to have to use your car insurance, you don't want to have to use your home insurance.
>> You don't hope that your house burns down, but you know that if something but again, it's not it's not a guarantee because it's not like 100% it's going to pay out. But
>> ultimately, if you you know come back in 5 years time like all going well, hopefully you don't need to use them. But if you do, then you have your 26y old eggs in the bank that just statistically are going to create more normal embryos than our 35year-old eggs. And that's not about shaming women and saying, "Oh, you know, over this age, like it's just about giving people the facts." Okay? And you know, I think we get sometimes accused of fearongering or overeducating. And I get that because fertility is something which has been used to like beat women over their head with and pressure them into starting families when they don't want to or they don't feel ready or whatever the reason is or maybe doing it with the wrong person. But what's the alternative? Like burying your head in the sand because if you have the information now, these are decisions that you make proactively rather than decisions that are then are taken away from you down the line.
you did a really really incredible reel which I'm so glad you you made it because I saw this Tik Tok that was going viral and I was like oh no this and it had millions and millions of views and I it was basically a woman saying the biological clock does not exist for women and when I posted something about the biological clock and people were saying in my comments no the biological clock is a lie for women it's being debunked It's for men. It's for men. It's for men. And I was thinking, "Oh my god, this Tik Tok has already done so much damage." And I completely understand why people saw this Tik Tok and they clung on to it because you're right, women who have had their fertility and their ability to bear children used as a marker of how, you know, how successful they are as a woman, you know, for the last hundreds, thousands of years. So for someone to say to them, actually, we were lied to all along. It was men. They're the problem. People are gonna cling on to that and debunking that is so so so difficult.
>> Yeah,
>> maybe I should play that real and then if you wouldn't mind explaining it, I think that would be so so so helpful.
>> Absolutely. Yeah.
>> They told women their worth had an expiration date, but guess what? Your eggs are tougher, smarter, and more resilient than anyone gave you credit for. And if we're being honest, the real biological clock might belong to men, not women. And science backs that up.
>> Thoughts? Okay. So the paper that this creator is talking about is I think it was released in January last year and number one it's looking at so it's looking at eggs but it's looking at the mitochondrial the DNA. So as humans we have 46 chromosomes right 23 from our mother 23 from our father. The um material from the chromosomes comes from the nucleus of the cell. There are other parts of the cell like the mitochondria. If you think back to your, you know, GCSE, GCSE biology, the powerhouse of the cell, that obviously contributes genetically, but not to like the number of chromosomes. This paper was looking at mitochondrial DNA. And what it saw was that in in female eggs that the mitochondrial DNA uh remains quite stable until you're I think it was about 42. So that's that's promising. That's like, you know, that's promising information, but that doesn't change the fact that as we get older, the chance of us having a miscarriage, usually because the embryos that we're creating, they just have inbuilt error mechanisms. And as we get older, that increases and then so there's a higher chance that the number of chromosomes will be incorrect. The most common ones that you think of is an extra chromosome of chromosome 21 like in the case of down syndrome. But there are other ones that you know don't usually result in living children which is maybe why we don't hear about them as often. So there's a higher chance of miscarriage and a higher chance of these genetic uh or chromosomeal errors as we get older. So this paper was promising doesn't change that fact in terms of what we know about the decline in fertility and the increase in the risk of miscarriage. That doesn't mean that that's not important information but doesn't change that fact. Taking this information and kind of spinning it to say well actually the biological clock doesn't exist is is just incorrect and dangerous.
>> It's dangerous. I mean, I actually had somebody uh message me to say they had done one cycle of egg freezing and they said, "I'm not going to go ahead with the second round and sent me this video." Yeah. So, it's having it's having a real life impact. Right.
>> I saw it in my comments, but people were literally saying it has been debunked by science and I was like, "No."
>> Again, this is the issue when, you know, I don't say this because I'm like, "Oh, we should gatekeep information or research." I think it's amazing that people have access to information. But the problem is is that if you don't have context or if you don't if you're if you're not yourself reading the paper and critically appraising it, you know, you're just taking like a 10-second sound bite.
>> That's that's that's that that's harmful. And and the other side of the equation is that, you know, we're learning more about male fertility and the impact of sperm. We're understanding that as men get older that sperm accumulates DNA damage. Um, and that increases the risk of miscarriage for the female partner. It also increases the risk of other conditions. So, it's almost like we we took this one bit of information and this other bit and we're like, "Okay, no, it's not us anymore. It's you."
>> But, you know, I think if you just think a little bit logically, it takes two people to make a baby. Like it makes sense that both of our biology, both of our, you know, our eggs and our sperm are going to be contributing to the chance of pregnancy and to the health of the pregnancy and that that child. So it doesn't need to be like an us versus them. But what happens is like for example, I did this video explaining this and then I had all these kind of horrible men come into my comments being like, "See, I told you like it's women that it's it's women, you know, your eggs are rotted." Like all this kind of disgusting stuff. And I'm like, "No, this is this is not the point of the video." Like, we can share information in a balanced and nuanced way without making it into a gender war.
>> You said something really really good in the last episode. You said it shouldn't be about blame. And that was mainly when you were speaking about couples navigating it, but I think it also applies to just all the conversations.
>> Two things can be true at the same time. Women can, you know, have a biological clock and men can have a biological clock. That shouldn't be revolutionary. It shouldn't be us against them. And because I every single time I have posted something about freezing my eggs or whatever, I've had comments saying, "Why haven't you mentioned male infertility?" Because the majority of my audience is women. And I want to help women understand their bodies better. Male fertility is a factor. But you only have control over yourself. You can bring those conversations to your male partners. Just because male infertility is a factor, it doesn't mean that women should think less about their fertility. We should be incorporating that information as well.
>> Yeah. Social media, I think, is an amazing tool. It's not a great place for nuance. Yeah.
>> You know, I will do a video about like, you know, tip tips for women to get pregnant. And then somebody will comment saying, "I wish you'd aim this at men." And it's like, but if you actually just scroll down to the next video, I have. Yeah. And you can't please everybody all the time, but yeah, it's, you know, these videos where like the one you just showed, unfortunately, that's what gets attention. And yes, I may have done a video kind of explaining it and that will have a small fraction of the views that this other video has had. And also, I will talk kind of okay, it's two I've tried to condense this explanation into like under two minutes and but most people are not going to watch beyond first 10 seconds. So yeah, it is difficult. It is difficult. [laughter] I'm going to come on to in the injections specifically and the side effects or the symptoms that women might experience going through the egg freezing process. But first on the last time you were here, we hadn't started this section. So we thought we wanted to do so we wanted to do a general fertility buy or bye-bye section. Yeah. So, you either say that you would buy the product or you know you think it's good or say bye-bye. First up, at home hormone test kits.
>> I'm going to say bye-bye. The reason being uh I'm not I'm not against them. I think if you want to have a bit more information and you want to have the blood test to look at your egg reserve, you probably will need to have a scan alongside that. So yeah, by by all means, if you want to if you want to do the test at home and then follow it up with a scan or with a consultation, then then bye. But if you're just going to do the blood test and panic and not do anything else, then it's going to be a bye-bye.
>> Can I ask you a little bit of a personal question? Are you a good or a bad patient?
>> Um, [laughter]
>> a bad patient. Yeah, I I was going to say I think even like as a doctor it's I am probably one of the worst patients and when I was comparing the at home and the in clinic, I really really appreciated having someone there to explain all the results to me in person because I'm a little I can be a bit anxious and I think when you know a little bit about your health, you I I can spiral quite quickly when it comes to my health and having I think that's something to consider just thinking about who you are as a person. If you're someone who does like reassurance,
>> yeah,
>> probably getting those results at home by yourself may not be the best option.
>> That's a very good point, actually. Yeah.
>> Fertility tease.
>> Bye-bye.
>> Bye-bye. Straight up. Gone.
>> Bye-bye. No evidence. No, I don't think I'm going to leave it there.
>> Seed cycling kits.
>> I actually had to look this up. I'm going to say bye-bye. Number one, very like there's no there's no evidence really. I think if you want to, you know, crush some flax seeds and put them on your breakfast, then by all means, but do you need to buy a kit for that? Can you not just buy the flax seeds?
>> Yeah. Almost for almost anything that's marketed as like a fertility supplement.
>> Yeah. My question is, well, if anybody is like recommending something, I would very quickly have a look at are they selling something? Is there a financial gain for them? Because to me, I I think I could probably put some seeds on my porridge and be done with it. But I don't know that I need to buy a seed cycling kit. That seems excessive.
>> Yeah. Is there a word for, you know, there's the pink tax where stuff is pink and it gets an extra money. Is there a word for there should be one for like an egg tax the fertility things because some of the fertility supplements and they've got like vitamin D and you know just buy the vitamin D you you're paying more money just because it says it's a fertility supplement or you know whatever. Oh, interestingly enough, vitamin D supplements.
>> Bye. Nice.
>> Yeah, general for general health, you know, in this country, we're going to be low on vitamin D, and we know that for, you know, plenty of things, vitamin D is beneficial. The the evidence in like the for fertility. Um, there are some there are some studies that show, for example, patients with endometriosis seem to have lower levels of vitamin D. whether that contributes. It's not a cause and effect thing because you know a lot of these studies are not like a gold standard of study that we look at like randomized control trials or systematic reviews. A lot of them are small studies, observational studies, but you know vitamin D is good in general. So I would say buy. But again to your point, you don't need to buy expensive ones. You just buy the generic ones. They do the exact same thing. I think we have we we have this belief that because we've paid more for something that it should work better, but it doesn't. It's just just buy the generic one.
>> Yeah. Fertility vitamin D is the exact same as any other vitamin D. Basil body temperature thermometers.
>> So I would say buy but depends on on you as a person. Kind of coming back to that same AMH thing. I think for people who are anxious sometimes doing a lot of testing doesn't work well for them like things like basil body temperature or ovulation predictor kits and things like that. So, if if you find that doing like a lot of tests is going to increase your anxiety, then I probably wouldn't do it. But I think in general, it's a it's a it's a good thing because you can spot over time uh when you ovulate and that's key for if getting pregnant if you want to get pregnant. That's I've never thought of that. But yeah, if you're someone who the the tests the testing element of the whole process, the out freezing process was something I didn't anticipate to be so emotionally draining. Like you know, all the blood tests like it going in, it was a full-time job going into the facility clinic.
>> It's an intensive process.
>> It is. And and you're you're you're right. If you're someone who thinking about yourself as a person is really important for all these things. cycle tracking apps.
>> So, I don't think you need to buy them is basically what I'm saying. I think there are I think you can use the the beta version or the free version. Yeah. I don't know if how much more you can gain by paying is is what I want to say.
>> So, I I say buy in the sense of use them to understand your cycle and to know when you're ovulating. I would use like a combination of things because a lot of the apps are based on the kind of 28 day cycle which is not the same for everyone. So you can use, you know, you can use that app, you could use it in combination with like the basil body temperature or an ovulation predictor kit or just having a look at your cervical mucus. You can use all of these data points to understand your fertile window to know when you're ovulating. I don't think you need to pay for, you know, the expensive versions.
>> Do you have any apps that you recommend to patients?
>> Um, lots of patients use things like the flow app or uh I can't really remember the names of of them now, but you know, and I I think if you wear sort of these wearable uh tech, then that will automatically be linked, but I'm sure you can. I I don't want to promote a specific one because I don't really think they do anything different.
>> Yeah.
>> Just in terms of like inputting the date of when your period was. So, yeah. I But I would just use a free one.
>> Nice. At home semen analysis kits.
>> Okay, so this is an interesting one. What I will say about these at home semen analysis kits, the main things that we look at in the clinic is we look at the volume, the motility, so how they're swimming, the morphology, so how many of them appear normal under the microscope and the concentration. The at home ones don't look at the morphology.
>> Oh,
>> so they look at three out of four of those. So I think I think if all of those things are normal on two occasions, then it's probably fine. Yeah. Yeah.
>> But if anything is abnormal, you're going to end up needing the lab one because you will need to look at the morphology.
>> Yeah.
>> And that's really important because if there is a sperm issue, like a significant sperm issue, then usually you have to actually move straight towards not just IVF, but to Ixie where they an extra step in IVF where the embryologist chooses the sperm and injects it into the egg. So that's really crucial information. So yeah, if you want to do it at home and it's normal, then that's probably okay. If it's abnormal, you're going to end up paying for the lab one anyway, it's not that expensive. I'd have to check the actual cost. But yeah, you could skip that step and go straight for the lab one.
>> Yeah, I I think it definitely it may be again if someone's quite an anxious person and obviously with men obtaining a semen sample in a clinic there's other anxieties that are associated with that. But then yeah, I think similar to the hormone tests, you may just be elongating the process and increasing the cost by trying to take a shorter route.
>> Yeah. Let's talk about the injections because I'm not a needle phobe and my experience with the injections was initially it's not you know injecting yourself with a needle isn't pleasant but I would say the needles I had were small dainty maybe a little bit sharp at times but generally quite not too painful.
>> Yeah. However, by the end of the process when I was on like injection three of the day, my tummy is like completely bruised. I'm looking for a space that is not bruised to inject into the last three days. I was thinking this this is getting quite tough right now.
>> Yeah,
>> I'm going to do a second cycle of do embryo freezing. So, a couple of points. Number one, do you have any recommendations for anyone who is needle phobic who's considering egg freezing? And then number two, for my next cycle, do you have any tips for [laughter] me?
>> Yeah.
>> For the bruising and finding space on my stomach.
>> So, you know, you can actually tailor the protocol as well. um if somebody is really needleophobic and and also in terms of egg freezing, one of the injections that you start usually around day six, you start another injection which is basically supposed to prevent you from ovulating too early. People usually complain that that needle I think is a little bit thicker than the other ones. So there are other protocols now where you can take progesterone tablets which kind of do that same job preventing ovulation and also probably cheaper because the injections cost more money. So that way you can probably limit the number of injections that you do to one and then probably the trigger. That's one thing I guess to discuss with your clinic the actual protocol if you can that that reduces the number of injections that you need.
>> Um
>> definitely flagging that then because I think with a lot of women we can be so guilty of just putting up and shutting up.
>> So just making sure that if you are someone who even you know if you are if that is a concern that you have flag that and it Yeah.
>> Yeah. It's something that we're using more recently for egg freezing patients. So, it's worth bringing up with your with your clinic. It's like you prime with progesterone rather than giving that injection. Lots of people ice that do you did you use any ice when you
>> didn't use any ice?
>> You can ice. It's just tricky obviously rotating. I think you use the thighs as well.
>> I did not actually. That was Yeah. Yeah. The nurses are very good. They also do the demonstrations and can give you good tips as well. you've done it before, so you know that it's finite, so you can kind of steal yourself to you know that it's coming coming to an end.
>> There's a goal. There's light the end of the tunnel.
>> Yeah.
>> We got so many community questions about age. But before we come on to the best age to freeze for your eggs or when is too late to freeze your eggs. Let's talk about supplements because there's so many supplements on the market. Yeah. Are there any supplements that you do recommend and are there any you would tell patients to avoid?
>> Yeah, I'm going to be really honest and I don't think that people are going to love this answer because I think a lot of the time we want something that's like, you know, you see those videos on Tik Tok and stuff where it's like, tell me the unhinged thing you did to get pregnant or tell me like something that you like. We want like a hack or a secret.
>> Yeah. and we're not gatekeeping because you know I just don't think there is there is something like that that we would be withholding right so for most women before when you're preparing for a pregnancy the things that you need to take some vitamin D and some folic acid and that's actually it for most people as we were saying most people are deficient in vitamin D and folic acid again folic acid is not really to help you get pregnant it's it's for the baby's development it's really important for the development of the spine and it prevents prevents neurot defects like spinoipida. Um there's also there's a there's a lot of conversation online about whether you should be taking folic acid or methyl folate. I get this question a lot. All I can all I can speak to is that the trials that look at preventing neuro tube defects are done with folic acid. So that's all I'm going to recommend.
>> Yeah. You know, if people want to take methyl folate, that's fine. But just important to know that the that the evidence comes the trials is done with folic acid. Most people just need a standard dose of 400 micrograms. Some people need a high dose of 5 milligrams if you have conditions like diabetes, but that's prescribed. That's not over the counter. So, you have to check with your doctor if you need that higher dose. Then, in terms of other supplements, and again, you can go online. I actually had a quick Google search today um fertility supplements and you know people are charging 4050 60 for supplements like 30 days worth of supplements and okay it's got folic acid and vitamin D which we all know we need to take I mean even pregnant like you don't need to buy like a 16 pound supplement you can just go and buy the generic one because you're paying more money doesn't mean that it's doing more for you so folic acid vitamin D people often ask me about CoQ10 so there are some studies that and again this is looking specifically at people in the like in this setting of an IVF clinic not people who are trying to get pregnant in the general population and there's some evidence that people with a low ovarian reserve may benefit may get slightly more eggs with CoQ10 but again these are small studies they're single clinics they're not the kind of gold standard like we were saying these big double blinded randomized control trials so okay CoQ10 a little bit of evidence in specific situations Inositol, that's another one that people ask me about. There is some evidence for, but again, this is for people with PCOS. So, if you don't have PCOS, then it's extremely unlikely to add anything. Oh, omega-3, that's again something that people I mean, I think it's a pretty benign supplement, but again, the evidence is pretty scanty. Yes, you can spend 50 or 60 to have all of these supplements in one capsule in an attractive bottle.
>> Yeah. But it's just important if you if you want to do that with the knowledge that there isn't robust evidence that that is going to increase your chance of pregnancy, then you can do that. But I don't want people to think they need to buy these things because they don't.
>> Yeah. Yeah. Cuz then you've also got the opposite of Yeah. the placebo. But then if people think that they should be doing that and they're not What impact can that have? You know,
>> it's it's frust like Yeah. It's just tricky because you I see people, you know, sharing personal stories online and once again, I think personal stories are really powerful and we often want to see someone who's going through what we're going through. But if somebody says, you know, I took CoQ10 or I took um omega-3 and I got pregnant the next month, you know, this is this is an anecdote and number one, you don't have any sense that this is a cause and effect. You you you don't know that you because you took this omega-3 and it we actually know it probably wasn't that that you then got pregnant. Sometimes it's just that people get it's just the tincture of time you know like they were trying over a certain amount of time and eventually things you know aligned and they got pregnant and there is an element of chance and of luck as well. So number one you can't distill from somebody's personal experience that the fact that they took this supplement was the reason that that he got
怀孕,而且那是一个轶事,轶事证据是最低形式的证据。你知道,我然后会尝试解释这些非常高质量的研究或人群数据。人们会说,嗯,你知道,我表哥吃了这个,或者我阿姨做了那个,然后怀孕了。>>那很好,但那>>那并不意味着我们应该把这个推而广之到每个人身上,>>每个人。而这正是我今天想让你来的原因,因为我个人的经历,我不想让我的个人经历,关于冷冻卵子,成为每个人经历的写照。同样,没有人会在网上说我吃了两个可爱的,我吃了这个补充剂一个月,我没有怀孕,因为那会是多么无聊的视频,说我吃了这个补充剂一个月,没用。>>那会得到,你知道,没有观看量。所以,人们只会告诉你他们认为有效的东西,这其中存在一种偏见。>>是的,我们很喜欢这种“秘密”或“技巧”的想法,你知道。我认为如果有什么秘密或技巧,它就不会是第一,它就不会是秘密,我就会在这里公开分享。>>我们有很多社区问题,很多>>关于冷冻卵子的年龄。那么,你应该什么时候冷冻你的卵子?什么时候太早了?什么时候太晚了?另一个问题是,对于一个30多岁的人来说,冷冻卵子是一个现实的选择吗?另一个问题,我先说到这里。我23岁了,我想我应该早点做,而不是晚点做。如果我不走运,我怎么知道我应该冷冻它们呢?大问题。>>所以,我认为你不可能太早冷冻你的卵子。我认为如果你能在20多岁的时候冷冻你的卵子,为什么不呢?你知道,因为我们知道的是,当我们看你的年龄时,我们没有卵子质量的测试,对吧?但我们确实知道的是,卵子质量与你的年龄密切相关。所以,一个25岁的人,你知道,如果你取100个卵子,并用100个精子使它们受精,其中大部分,大约70%,将产生正常的、基因正常的胚胎。一个45岁的人,如果你产生100个胚胎,大约90-95%的都会是异常的。>>真的吗?>>是的。所以,这就是为什么,你知道,当你到40岁的时候,当你得到一个怀孕测试呈阳性时,有50%的可能性那个怀孕会以流产告终。再说一遍,这不是为了制造恐慌。这只是现实。所以,当然,这似乎合乎逻辑,你取,你知道,最高质量的卵子来创造,给你最高的机会创造基因正常的胚胎,给你最高的机会怀孕并生下活产婴儿。因为如果目标是活产,那么你知道,这是最战略性的做法。如果你把它当作一种策略来考虑,那么这就是有道理的。所以,是的,我认为你不能说太年轻。我认为如果你在20多岁,并且这是一个选择,你现在正在考虑它,而且它是负担得起的,为什么不呢?>>是的。>>你知道,>>尤其是如果你的公司提供这项服务。我也认为我必须安排我的下一个周期,围绕着工作承诺,因为它是一个很大的承诺,我认为如果你的工作提供,如果你的工作支付费用,你有大约一个月的时间,你知道,也许是冬天的一个月,你没有那么多事情要做>>我就会,是的,没错。我会去做的,你知道,因为你不知道以后会发生什么,当你更忙碌,找不到时间的时候。>>是的。再说一遍,你知道,再说一遍,这不是关于制造恐慌,因为实际上你可以利用这些信息,然后想,嗯,我知道,例如,这家公司有这些特定的福利。所以,虽然,你知道,你可能无法自费支付,你会考虑也许申请一家这样的公司的工作吗?你知道,这又是一个,只有当你拥有这些信息时,你才能做的事情。>>是的。>>就30多岁而言,绝对不算晚。30多岁,我的意思是,一点也不晚。你知道,这实际上是我们进行最多冷冻卵子手术的年龄。我并不经常看到20多岁的人,除非他们来了,我想,主要是因为公司福利。所以,大多数人都在30多岁。而且我可以说,这通常是因为女性可能在30岁出头或中期,她们想组建家庭,但她们没有伴侣。所以,她们在想,好吧,即使我明天遇到某人,在开始尝试怀孕之间仍然会有一段时间。所以她们在想,好吧,我现在冷冻我的卵子。我认为真的没有太晚这种说法,除非我们进入,你知道,40多岁。即使是40岁出头,我认为它变得越来越具挑战性。我认为即使你正在考虑这件事,并且你已经40多岁了,也值得去诊所探索你的选择,因为你可以就胚胎冷冻或捐赠精子等事情进行对话。我知道这不适合所有人,但这些仍然是需要进行的对话。如果我错了,请纠正我。如果有人年纪大了,也许拥有自己的基因孩子是不可能的,我相信卵子捐赠,如果你走卵子捐赠路线,你可以尝试匹配一个在基因上看起来像你的人,或者在英国是允许的吗?>>是的。是的。不,不,捐赠者应该有相似的,你知道,在种族等方面有相似的特征。所以,即使你是一个单身女性,40多岁,你可能想谈谈追求单身母亲的身份。我知道有些人已经这样做了,并且对此非常满意,因为,你知道,这是我的个人观点,而不是我的医学观点。如果我成为母亲的强烈愿望,你知道,我认为对我个人而言,我宁愿独自追求,而不是因为时间的压力而可能与错误的人一起这样做。>>是的。>>这是个人观点,因为我知道,显然有些人想在家庭环境中,和伴侣一起生孩子,你知道,这很公平。但实际上有很多不同的方式可以成为父母或组建家庭,而不仅仅是,你知道,一个男人和一个女人,或者因为我们在诊所看到很多人,你知道,单身母亲,或者同性伴侣,或者那些,你知道,他们有,你知道,认识的捐赠者,家庭可以有很多不同的样子。>>是的,绝对。我也需要谈谈胚胎与卵子冷冻,因为当我发布关于我冷冻卵子的信息时,很多评论也说你不应该推广冷冻卵子,你应该推广胚胎冷冻。但我们稍后会谈到这一点。首先,在注射方面,一个人在冷冻卵子的过程中可以期待什么样的症状?>>是的。所以,这真的因人而异。首先,有些人有感觉,有些人没有任何注射的症状。有些人感觉很好。有些人情绪起伏很大。所以,你知道,生气或悲伤,或者有点像,你知道,那种经前症状,因为我们正在模仿它,但剂量要高得多。所以,是的。所以,感觉非常情绪化。显然,你知道,我们在刺激卵巢,所以它们会比正常情况下更大。所以你可能会感到非常腹胀,有点恶心,有点累。我认为这更多地出现在刺激的后期,这是一个两周的时期。然后你进行取卵,两周内你就会来月经或撤退性出血,通常比你正常的月经量大。这是可以预期的,然后激素会逐渐消退>>然后你应该感觉恢复正常。是的。>>所以,我认为即使你是一个在注射时感觉非常糟糕的人,一个月内你应该感觉恢复正常。>>我接受治疗的医生对我说,“你会有经前综合征吗?”我说,“嗯,是的,我的情绪可能会很糟糕。”她说,“你男朋友叫什么名字?”我说,“我男朋友的名字。”她说,“告诉他买个头盔。”我当时想,“哦,天哪。”所以,我回来告诉他了,说实话,他已经习惯了我的情绪了。他是一个极其冷静、头脑清醒的人,这非常有用。我一直都很好,直到注射触发针的那晚。我不知道是触发针还是情绪的积累,不管是什么。>>触发针的那晚,我们因为某件事吵架了。>>我不记得是什么了。可能是一些非常微不足道的事情,如果是在其他任何时候,我都会没事的。我冲出了公寓,开车去了Molly's,吃了一个Molly's大汉堡,当时已经是午夜了。吃了Molly's汉堡,自己开车回来,我刚走进去。我说,“我真的很抱歉。那真的很不合理。”[笑声] 他只是说,“上床睡觉吧。”这时已经是凌晨2点了。但我想,那是最糟糕的,那是我个人唯一糟糕的时刻。然后我想,给他一点预警,让他知道会发生什么,他一直都很冷静。>>但除此之外,我actually很好。>>有点腹胀和疲劳是一个大问题。我确实感觉有点虚弱>>而且,可能是因为你经常抽血。是的。>>你每周要去诊所几次进行扫描和抽血。这是一个相当全面的过程。>>是的。>>然后之后,你有什么可以期待的?>>所以,是的。所以,你从麻醉中醒来,他们会告诉你你有多少个卵子,我们拥有的所有信息,关于冷冻卵子,我认为我们也会谈到胚胎冷冻,因为我们不知道质量,或者例如有多少会受精,所以这些信息会在你回来使用它们的时候到来,你知道,通常人们会在第二天左右恢复正常活动。>>再次,这并不代表每个人的经历都会如此,但我事后感觉非常好,我接受了镇静,我和我男朋友去吃了饭,散了散步,我感觉好多了。>>对于正在冷冻卵子的女孩们,>>关于锻炼,你有什么建议吗?>>我经常收到这个问题。所以,关于锻炼,首先,我想说的是,在整个生育治疗过程中,你通常可以继续你正常的锻炼。所以,不要开始新的锻炼。>>是的。>>而且这也取决于你。所以,最好避免高强度运动,尤其是在刺激期间,因为你知道,正如我所说,你的卵巢会变大,所以在刺激的后期,你知道,我们会担心卵巢扭转,当卵巢在自己的轴上扭转时,这是一个紧急情况,>>没有,没有,你知道,我有没有那个,你会知道的,因为它就像突然的弯腰疼痛。所以,出于这个原因,我们避免在高强度运动,你知道,有时我告诉人们,你开始时可以做,我会告诉你什么时候停止,但你也可以一直停止,继续做一些低强度的运动,比如散步,你知道,瑜伽,加上你平常做的任何事情,骑自行车,而不是,你知道,不是山地自行车,你知道>>巨大的社区问题,冷冻卵子后可以自然怀孕吗?是的,绝对。所以,第一,冷冻卵子也不会影响你未来怀孕的机会。它不会像消耗你未来的卵子供应,因为,你知道,正如我们之前所说的,我们试图刺激尽可能多的卵泡。现在,在一个正常的月份,会发生的是,其中一个会排卵,而其余的都会死亡。所以,你并没有消耗你未来可能使用的东西。你只是保存了那个周期中本来就会丢失的东西。然后,是的,大多数人不会把冷冻卵子作为首选。她们会尝试一段时间。再说一遍,如果你从战略角度考虑,就像,嗯,让我们试试。嗯,这也取决于你的个人情况。但是,你知道,正如我所说,如果一切顺利,五年后,你可能会尝试,你知道,6个月,12个月,随便多久。如果我们不需要这些卵子,那就太好了。如果我们用了,那么我们就知道,我们有你,你知道,26岁的卵子在银行里。所以,大多数人会先尝试一段时间,然后使用她们的卵子。所以,再说一遍,这种想法,嗯,大多数人都不使用它们。如果你不需要使用它们,那是一件好事,对吧?>>100%。是的。这种想法,实际上,如果你冷冻卵子,你就像在从未来取卵,但最好是消除这种想法。>>是的。>>现在来说说冷冻卵子与胚胎冷冻>>因为当我谈论我冷冻卵子时,这是一个很大的争议点。你会如何自己决定是选择胚胎冷冻还是卵子冷冻?>>是的。好的。所以,我的意思是,你可以从一个非常基本的方式开始。第一,你有伴侣吗?没有。冷冻卵子?是的。冷冻卵子还是胚胎冷冻?所以,如果你没有伴侣,显然,我们要冷冻卵子吗?如果你有伴侣,这是一个非常个人的决定。你知道,我认为我们上次说过,卵子属于你,胚胎属于你们俩。>>是的。而这就像,你知道,这是你的基因物质。[清嗓子] 这是人类配子。所以,你必须得到明确的书面许可,关于这些胚胎在你关系破裂或其中一人死亡时会发生什么。>>是的。这些是真实的>>对话,你必须进行。所以,如果你有冷冻卵子或胚胎冷冻的选择,再次,这是一个个人决定,但要说的是,当你冷冻卵子时,你是在冷冻,你知道,冷冻潜力。一个卵子是一个单一的细胞。技术已经发生了很大的变化和进步。所以,当我们冷冻卵子并解冻它们时,并非所有卵子都能存活,大约是85%到90%。所以,你已经可以看到那里有一个小的下降。然后,如果你看胚胎,大约95%会存活。所以,高一点。而且,胚胎更坚固。所以,它们大约有300到500个细胞。而且,你拥有更多的信息。所以,你取了卵子,你现在用精子使它们受精。并非所有卵子都会受精。但如果你进行胚胎冷冻,我们现在就知道有多少受精了。然后我们把它们在实验室培养了一周,我们知道有多少是胚胎。所以,当我们拥有胚胎时,我们可以更有信心地说,哦,你有,你知道,你有八个胚胎。你有很大的机会生下两个甚至三个孩子,你知道,取决于其他因素。>>我们对卵子没有那么多信息。我们只是在冷冻潜力。我们将在以后回来,当你决定你遇到了某人,你想,你知道,你想使卵子受精,或者你可能会回来,你想使用捐赠精子等等。有不同的方式。我们信息较少。你必须纠正我,如果自那起有法律进展。有一个非常糟糕的案例,我们在硕士期间了解到。有一个女人,她患有癌症。在她的化疗治疗之前,她和她的丈夫冷冻了胚胎。丈夫和她丈夫冷冻了胚胎。接受了治疗,癌症得以幸存,然后她的丈夫离开了她。丈夫在经历癌症后离开了她。是的,凯特,一个非常非常好的男人。然后,不仅如此,他还拒绝让她之后使用那些胚胎,而她没有冷冻卵子。这被提交到高等法院,某个高等法院,胚胎最终被销毁了。我天哪。我们在课堂上就此进行了辩论,我是否认为这是对的。我说,你知道,从法律角度来看,是两个人。从个人角度来看。>>是的。>>多么糟糕的男人。多么糟糕,多么糟糕,多么糟糕的男人。但你必须记住,你无法控制别人的行为。你可以结婚,你可以认为他们是>>他们是某种类型的人,然后他们可以离开你并销毁你的胚胎。>>是的。事情会改变。而且我不认为>>你对你的关系持悲观态度,说,“我要冷冻一部分卵子,一部分胚胎。”因为我看到人们经常这样做。而且,看,我们无法预见未来。事情会改变。人会改变。情况会改变。你知道,50%的婚姻以离婚告终。没有人结婚时会想到自己会离婚,但事情会改变。而拥有应急计划在我看来只是好的策略。>>我很高兴进行了一轮胚胎冷冻和一轮卵子冷冻,然后根据情况看看我有什么。>>这并不意味着你愤世嫉俗。你只是务实。>>100%。患有多囊卵巢综合征的女性,在卵子冷冻方面,她们的经历可能会有何不同?>>是的。所以,你知道,多囊卵巢综合征的一个标志是,你往往有非常高的卵巢储备。所以,一方面,这有点像祝福和诅咒,对吧?因为我们预计会得到很多卵子。大脑发出信号告诉你的卵巢,其中一个卵泡变大并释放卵子,并不总是能到达。它可能会被你拥有的众多卵泡所稀释。所以,再说一遍,这就是为什么你会发现你的月经不规律。这并不适用于每个人,但这显然是多囊卵巢综合征的一个重要特征。所以,再说一遍,当你进行卵子冷冻过程时,你预计会得到更多的卵子。但我们也知道,因为与胰岛素抵抗有关,它会影响卵子所处的环境。所以,我们经常在多囊卵巢综合征患者身上看到,她们得到更多的卵子,但更多的是未成熟的卵子。M>>所以,基本上,如果某人患有多囊卵巢综合征,我可能会想,如果某人没有患有多囊卵巢综合征,她们得到20个卵子,这是一个非常好的数量,但你可能会认为,对于患有多囊卵巢综合征的人来说,需要更多,才能给你一个相似的机会,获得一定数量的卵子,这将给你一个不错的胚胎数量,因为我们知道,其中许多卵子可能是未成熟的。>>是的。我想和你谈谈AMH,因为我对AMH的看法来回摇摆,就像节拍器一样。我发现我的AMH对我这个年龄来说相当低后,我冷冻了我的卵子。这引发了我与伴侣之间关于我们如何看待未来的重要对话,这非常有益,并且我们得出了结论,这对我们俩都很重要,能够保持我们的选择开放很重要。因此,我冷冻了我的卵子。然后,我在大学里,我的一位讲师,我说大学,听起来我才20到22岁,但[笑声] 在读硕士期间,我的一位讲师说,“AMH是没用的,因为你去检测你的AMH。如果它很高,他们会告诉你冷冻你的卵子,这样他们就可以收集更多的卵子,你不需要做那么多周期。如果它很低,他们会告诉你冷冻你的卵子,因为你的储备,你的卵子储备正在下降。”所以,无论哪种情况,结果都是一样的,所以它是没用的,这让我对整个过程感到非常愤世嫉俗。然后我真的反思了,想到了那个测试结果带来的重要对话,从长远来看,我很高兴我做了那个测试,因为>>无论结果是正常的,还是低的,我可能仍然会冷冻我的卵子,因为我是一个有野心的人。我还没有准备好要孩子,但我知道这是我未来想要的东西。>>所以,Nagler医生,>>AMH,你怎么看?>>我有一个稍微不同的视角,因为我经常从一个人的角度来看,她们已经在IVF诊所了,对吧?所以,我们从它只是我们生育治疗工作的一部分的角度来看。如果你将生育能力定义为怀孕的能力,那么AMH并不是一个真正的生育测试,对吧?它是对你卵巢储备的测试。这是重要的信息。例如,假设你发现你的AMH无法检测,或者你可能有原发性卵巢功能不全,或者有提前绝经的风险。这是你真正想知道的信息。>>是的。>>不幸的是,我认为很多时候我们作为医生,我们必须保持平衡和细致,我知道这并不总是吸引人,或者它不会,你知道,获得点击,它不会获得点击。是的。老实说,我认为这是更诚实的说法,嗯,它不是一个完美的测试。它给了我们一个关于这个的指示,在你个人的情况下。它可能在这一点上帮助你。你知道,很多时候我们必须用“这是我们拥有的所有信息”来概括事情。这是我们可以最好地利用它的方式。我们考虑你的价值观和你认为重要的事情,然后一起做出决定。你知道,不是我上网说,“哦,这是秘密,或者这是骗局,或者每个人都需要这样做。”那好吧。是的,这能获得更多点击,但这也不是大多数医疗相关决策的现实。>>是的。>>你知道,如果这听起来像一个含糊不清或模棱两可的答案,我很抱歉。我认为AMH在某些方面很有用。它让我们对你的卵子储备有一个想法。它不是一个生育测试,也就是说,如果它很高或正常,你就可以放松,并且在可预见的未来都不用担心,因为那不是真的。但如果它非常低,或者如果我们发现你实际上有提前绝经的风险,而这实际上是至关重要的信息。归根结底,这是你可以获取的另一个数据点,并就你的个人生活做出决定。>>是的。是的。这是一个很好的答案。在你走之前,我将再次问你这个问题,我们一直在问所有客人的问题。Nagler医生,你希望每个女性在25岁之前都知道什么?这次我想稍微改变一下我的答案。我认为在你的生殖健康方面存在巨大的知识差距。所以,你知道,我们基本上被教导的只是如何不怀孕。然后我们发现自己常常,你知道,在30多岁甚至更晚的时候想,嗯,如果我只是去掉避孕措施,这就是我被告知如何不怀孕的方法,那么自然你会认为怀孕会随之而来。而实际上,在这方面存在巨大的差距,在理解我们的生殖健康方面。在理解我们的周期、排卵、以及所有可能影响我们健康状况的疾病方面,存在一个非常大的差距。我认为,对我来说,就像弥合这个知识差距是我希望年轻女性知道的。而且我认为我们涵盖了很多,你知道,在之前的剧集和这一集中。所以,如果这至少有助于缩小一点差距,那么我认为这是一件好事。>>是的。不,绝对。非常非常感谢你再次做客。我知道每个人都会非常感激,他们能有第二集与Nagler医生一起。所以,非常非常非常感谢。很荣幸。谢谢你邀请我。谢谢。