Transcription
About the jobs that will be replaced by artificial intelligence by 2030. 2030, so that's to say, very soon: graphic designer, layout artist, copywriter, translator, call center agent, receptionist, bank teller, accountant, administrative employee, secretary, cashier, checkout operator, data entry operator, and back office. Amazon announced the elimination of 14,000 jobs. The American e-commerce giant is even considering a large-scale movement. This could be just the beginning. These 14,000 job cuts concern human resources, advertising, and management positions within Amazon, which has 350,000 office jobs, 350,000 office jobs at Amazon out of a total of 1.5 million employees.
What do Amazon's executives say, who have been touring, particularly the media in the United States, because it was a real shock to employees? Listen, artificial intelligence is arriving, and today, for some office jobs, it's artificial intelligence that does them, that does the work. So we anticipate, we lay off. So, will artificial intelligence be the great reaper of jobs? 32 16 to talk about it with us. And in fact, what's happening at Amazon will happen in many companies. Barbara Le Fèvre, but this evolution is inexorable. The Americans, I'm not talking about the Chinese, etc., but in any case, the Americans and the Chinese, but especially the Americans, it started a bit with Biden, but Trump is really pushing hard on this. They understood because, anyway, it's in their DNA, innovation, being as much as possible the precursors, being positioned very quickly as leaders in a new market, so as not to be overtaken, to continue to be the leaders.
Well, we appreciate it, we don't appreciate it, we agree, we disagree. The question is, anyway, it is what it is. It's their mentality, their country was built that way, and it's forced to acknowledge that well, today, the world we live in, that of the internet, computing, etc., it's the Americans who have been leaders in this. So they will be leaders in artificial intelligence, and furthermore, they are being chased by the Chinese. So they are driven to this innovation, to this inventiveness. It's hundreds of billions, hundreds of billions that Americans and the American state are putting on the table. That is to say, the American state has never put so much on the table to invest. There is a real partnership between the federal government and large American companies that will develop AI.
The white-collar workers will suffer what the blue-collar workers experienced, that is to say, the worker who was sacrificed, who was fired because we relocated, who was treated as less than nothing. At the time, the white-collar workers said, "Oh, we don't care, it's not for us anyway." Well, now it's going to be them. So, first of all, are white-collar workers ready? In the United States, they are taking a beating, but again, as the American mentality is certainly not to pity themselves, to look in the mirror and say "Oh dear" and cry, because anyway, you can cry all you want, you won't be helped. So, anyway, well, you'll pack your bags and do something else, you'll adapt. In France, it's not the same. In France, workers are still crying over jobs they've lost because we are in a system where, alas, they tell you that anyway, there will always be a way to do something. So, and this is often the role, alas, of certain unions, whereas in reality the system is changing, and well, it will be the same for white-collar workers. So now we're going to have a new wave of crying where we'll continue to make people cry and say, "Oh, what are we going to do? We'll continue to point fingers at scapegoats, while education today is no longer adapted, diplomas are no longer adapted, training, training is no longer adapted. There will be a moment, a transition period where it will be a bloodbath. Americans are ready to endure this bloodbath because it's in their mentality to say that after the bloodbath, we will still manage to bounce back. We, as usual, will endure the bloodbath, we will cry, we will become poorer, and we will end up at rock bottom. When they say that France is getting colder. But that's nothing compared to what's coming because believe me, I'm in the national education system. I can tell you that we are still in the 1960s. We haven't understood anything about what's coming.
I was looking at the report that Capital magazine did on the jobs that will be replaced by artificial intelligence by 2030. 2030, so that's to say, very soon: graphic designer, layout artist, copywriter, translator, call center agent, receptionist, bank teller, accountant, administrative employee, secretary, cashier, checkout operator, data entry operator, and back office. Journalists too, because 50% of articles today are from AI. Yes, because the writing of reports, summaries, and analysis tables can be done by AI. But you notice, what are all these jobs? They are junior jobs. They are often entry-level jobs. So it will be young people who will be hit by this the hardest. So, really, is France ready? Are our dear politicians who are debating the budget, Zucman taxes, taxes, taxes, taxes, are they thinking about this? How is the world moving forward next door? And I don't like how it's moving forward, I'm not part of that world, I hate it, and company, but I can't do otherwise. I live in this time. Bruno Pé, our leaders see nothing, they are blind. After, unfortunately, it's in the air, and it happens like that. That is to say, you put AI in companies, you put a large number of managers to implement your directives and to implement your company policy. Once that's in place and you've reduced your production as much as possible, you attack your managers. I've seen this at SNCF for years. It's everywhere in big companies.
However, there's an issue, which is that Amazon today, when you look, and I've seen reports on their American warehouses, well, I only see robots, in fact, and I see more and more robots. So today, even the blue-collar workers, there won't be any more. And so, what that means is that today, the model, the model that they explain to us for future production and for these things, I never order from Amazon, so I'm quite clear on that. I still go to bookstores and look for records in record stores. Well, that's not the model that will create jobs. So there's a real issue, which is what do you do with the people behind it? And they tell us, they tell us that yes, we have to send them towards craftsmanship, that we have to send them towards crafts, that we have to send them towards, go ahead, go do blacksmithing, whatever. Okay, if you want, except that's not what you're developing right now. The latest, the Barnier budget, was a reduction in the offers, the aid you gave for apprenticeships. So, you're always going backwards. And today, we are in a period where, in fact, they keep telling you, "Oh, we have to work less," okay, but you're destroying more and more jobs. And jobs, jobs like that, more.
Inside, you mentioned a lot of children. I have many friends who are graphic designers, but my graphic designer friends tell me that for example, when they create a drawing, they create something, it takes them several hours, several days. They tell me you press a button, and in a few seconds you have it. So, in fact, well, them, that's it. And my friends are 50 years old. It will be the revenge of the blue-collar workers. Don't be mistaken. In fact, in the United States today, yes, yes, today there is a demand for jobs because factories need to be built, a certain number of all the big servers need to be built. No, because there will always be more. And I'll tell you, moreover, well, of course, one day, there will be humanoid robots, etc. No, but humanoid robots, that will come. But for now, excuse me, when you need a plumber, you call a plumber, an electrician, an electrician. When you renovate your apartment, you need humans to come and work. So I believe, on the contrary, that blue-collar work, in what you call craftsmanship, manual labor, is, in a way, a future, and where people can earn good salaries. You don't reduce aid. Well, that's why we have to stop sending so many kids to general high school to go to university, to go to schools where you sit on your butt to produce a diploma that is worth nothing. Masters, MBAs in communication, masters in I don't know what, but it's useless. It will be useful for propping up wardrobes. We need real jobs. Real jobs. But for that, the national education system, tell me again, Alain, we had these two authors on last week. Tell me again, because I forgot, Alexandre and Olivier Babo, that's it, who had titled their book "Stop Studying." It was all in that direction. I see two.
Now, for Amazon to be a precursor in this is somewhat its role. Yes. I see two obstacles to the spread of AI across the entire planet. One is energy production. Yes, because I'm sorry, at some point, energy production will limit the scope of what AI can do. You've started to... And two, I think there are still people who will know how to do manual tasks that artificial intelligence will never be able to do. If I take my own example, artificial intelligence can completely help in agriculture with satellites, to treat by plot, to automate what a tractor can do. I work in livestock farming with genotyping, meaning we make crosses between a cow and a bull that go through the genome. Of course, AI can advance in this. Except that at some point, when the calf is upside down, it's still me who puts it in the right position so that it can come out and so that its mother can give birth, and that won't be outsourceable to AI. I think there are still productions that are not relocatable.
Barbara. This can relaunch the sectors. I am intimately convinced of that, and if we want to adapt to this, our society must undergo a transformation to rehabilitate jobs that were devalued not long ago. Look, you're a kid going into baking. Today, you have bakers who are closing every day because energy is extremely expensive. So, in fact, we are in a system where we tell people to go into food professions, professions where... all my friends did apprenticeships, and as soon as they finished their apprenticeships, they quickly went to the factory because it didn't pay, because the hours were terrible, and because they were treated like slaves. We shouldn't get there. So, in fact, you're sending kids back to... but in fact, these businesses are barely viable. So you're not, we're not going to train bakers for supermarkets, in fact.
Listen, no, but you see where I disagree with you, Bruno, is that it's all cyclical, and the wheel turns. There were two guys here an hour ago explaining that they can't find meat anymore and that it has to be paid for very expensively. When I started my career in all agricultural professions, producing meat was what paid the least. For 30 years, the person who produced beef, I'm talking about, was the one who earned the least among all farmers. Except that the wheel has turned because so few people want to do the job that today, those who do the job I do, producing beef, will start to earn a bit because no one wants to do it anymore, and it's becoming a luxury product. And I think, and I think that at some point, in so-called manual jobs, dirty jobs, food professions, well, tomorrow morning, there will still be people, because what will we do with the people who are replaced by AI? They'll have nothing left to do but lie on the couch and smoke joints. The political response to what you're saying is the "mercurial" approach. You say you produce less meat in France, it's too expensive, bam, I'll import meat from Argentina. Well, well, at some point, maybe you heard what Musk's companies' board of directors told him. We're giving you 100 billion dollars if you manage to make the humanoid robots you have in mind. That is to say, because you know that Elon Musk, in addition, is a transhumanist and so on. So, they are there, they are going to launch into humanoid robots. And be careful, it's not the Japanese humanoid robot, it's really with a finesse of praxia that will also be able to replace certain jobs. And then that will raise the question of the famous universal basic income, because when we all find ourselves doing nothing, and I'm talking about teachers too, because it will affect us too, well, what will we do? How will we live? If people no longer have anything to do but lie on the couch. Or taxes. Intelligent taxes, which consist of taxing robots and taxing AI, because at some point, these productivity gains will have to be transferred to tax AI and tax robots. We're not there yet with that answer. The counterpart for humans is what do we do with humans? Exactly. I'll tell you, if during this time, I can go take care of animals, take care of shelters, etc., and receive the universal basic income and go take care of... some will take care of the elderly, others will take care of disabled children, others will take care of animals, others will take care of Alain who will be very, very old. Well, I'd be all for it.
So, I apologize to Julien, who has just arrived at the switchboard and wanted to speak, but we have very little time left. But Julien, simply, here's what he wanted to share as an example. He has a friend who has a job in a large French group, a consulting position. They have already informed his friend that the position will disappear, and they have gone from 15 employees in the consulting department to two today. She, and she also understands that her time is limited. So, is it dramatic or not? It connects with what Barbara said at the beginning, which is that where our public authorities should step forward, that is to say, they should especially anticipate what will happen. The question was asked: is artificial intelligence the great reaper of jobs? You say yes to almost 86%. Alright, last hour of the GG in a moment, which we will spend with Jordan Bardella to talk about politics.