Transcription
Peace and the mercy and blessings of Allah be upon you. And upon you be peace and the mercy and blessings of Allah. Praise be to Allah for all of Allah's blessings, exalted is He. Praise be to Allah in every situation where Allah, exalted is He, still allows us to enjoy our body parts and everything around us as facilities. Praise be to Allah for water, air, parents, life partners, children, work, and whatever we have enjoyed and continue to enjoy until one of us passes away. And if those blessings are packaged with worship to Allah, faith in Allah, then the relay of those blessings will continue to paradise. As Allah, exalted is He, has immortalized in His word, "Say, 'Who has forbidden the adornment of Allah which He has produced for His servants and the good [foods] of provision?' Say, 'They are for those who have believed during the worldly life [and will be] exclusively for them on the Day of Resurrection.'" Allah, exalted is He, says, "Who dares to forbid what Allah has prepared from [clears throat] facilities on this earth?" And also good provisions, good sustenance, delicious food, drinks, clothing, biological relations as long as they are permitted by Allah, exalted is He. Say, "They are for those who have believed in this world and will be exclusively for them in the hereafter." Perhaps in this world, disbelievers still eat with us, drink with us, sleep with us, and generally engage in activities. [clears throat] But in the hereafter, only the believers will be exclusively chosen. Specifically for them to enjoy the blessings of paradise. Therefore, dear friends, fill our time with beneficial things, which are things that always remember Allah, exalted is He, submit to His law, and abandon His prohibitions. And it is not enough with this act of submission once or twice, but it must continue until each of us passes away. Remember, each of us is walking towards his own grave. And everyone will surely fall into their grave, just waiting for their appointed time. And at that moment, all opportunities to work, to do good deeds, and to achieve the best in paradise will be cut off. [clears throat] In a narration, it is mentioned, "The dwellers of paradise will not regret anything more than their moments in this world when they did not remember Allah." So indeed, even the dwellers of paradise will regret. Therefore, let us try to maximize everything in obedience to Allah, exalted is He. What are we doing tonight? Allah still grants us life and opportunity. So let's continue tomorrow by praying in congregation at the mosque, attending knowledge gatherings. Perhaps among friends, some will manage to give charity, some will honor their parents, some will maintain kinship ties, some will advise their friends, and so on. Let us be steadfast in all of this until we die. Remember the word of Allah, exalted is He, "And worship your Lord until there comes to you the certainty." Worship your Lord until death comes to you. And in another verse, we never tire of conveying, "And never let yourselves die except in a state of Islam." Never let yourselves die and leave this world, which will surely come in your lives, except in a state of Islam. Making Islam the religion of God, Allah, exalted is He, our reliance, and also following the teachings of the Prophet, peace be upon him. Next, we offer our respectful greetings and salutations to the Messenger of Allah, the Great Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him and his family and companions. As Allah has commanded us to offer these respectful greetings. [clears throat] [cough] As we promised last Wednesday. We will continue the relay of our discussion on the issue of major sins related to bad appearance. Previously, we explained the dangers for those who do not maintain their appearance according to Islamic law. And how a Muslim should see what is good and what is perfect is what Allah and His Messenger see, what is considered good by Allah's law. And whatever is considered bad by Allah's law is also bad in our view. Among these are issues of our appearance. We are not allowed to be careless; we are encouraged to wear good clothes but with covering the 'awrah. It is not enough to just wear branded clothing. We also cannot wear clothes that resemble those of disbelievers, which are characteristic of their worship or their distinctive clothing, just out of pride. We should not be proud of the appearance or lifestyle of the people of sin, such as fornicators, prostitutes, or mafias who rob people, the so-called "evil" ones. We should not be proud of and imitate their clothing. For example, we should not resemble or wear clothes that are accompanied by arrogance. This is also forbidden in Islam. Of course, it is also not allowed to expose the 'awrah. Of course, it is also not allowed to wear clothes made from forbidden materials in Islam. For example, silk for men. Then there will also be a discussion about the prohibition for men to wear 'isbal', which is wearing trousers that cover their ankles, because it is part of arrogance, even if they are not arrogant in their hearts. This has actually been touched upon in the section on major sins, but it is a series of discussions on bad appearance, and its substance is extensive. There is a lot to discuss on this matter. Or if someone wears 'syuhrah' clothing, that is also included in the prohibitions. 'Syuhrah' is like someone who intentionally wears clothes just for fame. Sometimes they lie about their condition. They are poor but borrow expensive clothes from their friends to appear as if they are truly like that. Just to propose to a woman. Just to show that they are capable, when in reality they are not. They lie about their condition. All of these are forbidden things, and there are still many substantial discussions related to this matter. However, on this occasion, dear friends, let us try to focus first on the issue. One of the bad appearances is the exposure of the 'awrah. In the previous meeting, we discussed that in Islam, we are encouraged to have a good appearance. Please wear good clothes. In fact, Islam does not permit, nor is it in Allah's law, to wear dirty, torn, damaged, or ugly clothes. No. We are encouraged to wear good clothes. As we know from the hadith of the Prophet, peace be upon him, "Indeed, Allah is beautiful and loves beauty." The meaning of beauty also includes perfection, and He loves all of that. So we are commanded by Allah, exalted is He, to have a good appearance. There is no narration that mentions the Prophet, peace be upon him, wearing tattered clothes. His clothes were made of good cotton fabric from Yemen. At that time, Yemeni cotton fabric was number one in the world. The Prophet, peace be upon him, had several houses. Although his houses were simple, he gave each of his wives a house because he had multiple wives. The Prophet, peace be upon him, had several vehicles. The Prophet, peace be upon him, had many swords and war equipment at that time. The Prophet, peace be upon him, had several sandals, perhaps shoes as we call them now. There are many explanations about the possessions of the Prophet, peace be upon him, and this does not prevent a Muslim from enjoying them. Of course, we already know the hadith that we also mentioned on a previous occasion. Happiness, the Prophet, peace be upon him, said, is in four things: a righteous wife, then the Prophet, peace be upon him, mentioned the second: a spacious house. Another narration says a house with complete furnishings, according to one's ability. Then a comfortable vehicle, a comfortable ride, even if it's a branded complex, a branded vehicle because they can afford it to be more comfortable. It is permissible in Islam, regardless of the price, as long as it meets the needs. Similarly with houses, as long as one can afford it, why live in a cramped place if one can afford it? And everyone can be given the ability depending on their intention. "Indeed, deeds are by intentions." If you intend and resolve, ask Allah, "O Allah, grant me a spacious house." As the Prophet, peace be upon him, said, "Open the doors of my sustenance." Allah will grant it. Because the Prophet, peace be upon him, said, "Indeed, Allah is shy to reject the hands of His servant raised to the sky, then return them empty." So, let us ask Allah, exalted is He. Ask for good clothes, ask for healthy food, ask for a perfect, healthy body, ask for a spacious house, ask for a good spouse, ask for everything from Allah, exalted is He. Because Allah never gets tired until we get tired. And Allah is not like us. If we usually ask humans, humans get tired and can get angry. But Allah is described in Surah Ar-Rahman, "O mankind, if you are in doubt about the Resurrection, then [consider] that We have created you from dust, then from a sperm-drop, then from a clinging clot, then from a morsel of flesh, formed and unformed, so that We may show you. And We settle in the wombs whom We will until a specified term, then We bring you out as infants, then [We cause you to reach] maturity. And among you is he who is taken in [early] death, and among you is he who is left to be of the most decrepit of age, so that he knows not after knowledge anything. And you see the earth barren, but when We send down rain upon it, it vibrates and grows, [producing] of every beautiful kind [of plant]. That is because Allah is the Truth, and it is He who gives life to the dead, and He is over all things competent. And that the Hour is coming, no doubt about it, and that Allah will resurrect those who are in the graves." If asked about Allah, in the heavens and on earth, whoever asks, say Allah is in [His own] business every day. Allah has His own activities every day with His omnipotence. Allah fulfills all the needs of humans, all the needs of animals, even insects in their holes, jinn, plants, angels, the entire universe depends on Allah, exalted is He, the Self-Sufficient. So just ask. If it's just about changing our condition from poor to rich, ignorant to intelligent, sick to healthy, it's very small. The problem is we don't ask Allah. Sometimes we only ask when in an urgent, emergency situation, after going to several doctors and not getting better, then we whine and ask Allah. Whereas in reality, from the beginning, we should have involved Allah, exalted is He. Returning to the hadith, happiness, the Prophet, peace be upon him, said, is in four things: a righteous wife. In another narration, a wife who supports her husband in his faith. Then a spacious house, and in another narration, as I said, the Prophet, peace be upon him, said, one with sufficient furnishings, then a comfortable ride, and the last is a good neighbor, a good environment. Of course, people nowadays, if they have the ability, buy houses in housing complexes, for example, their environment is clean, the people there are educated, perhaps the quality of our comfort as neighbors is also comfortable. That is normal. And the Prophet, peace be upon him, said, misery is in four things: a bad wife, in another narration, she hurts her husband with her tongue. Then she also betrays him. When the husband is not around, she betrays him and his property. She commits adultery and is also untrustworthy with the property entrusted to the house. Then [sniff] a cramped house, an uncomfortable vehicle, and bad neighbors. This has also been explained at length in the previous meeting. Why are we related to or encouraged to have a good appearance? So from now on, friends, don't be careless in your appearance. Look as good as possible. Don't let people point at you and judge you badly because your appearance is not good. Why? Why not choose colors that match, comfortable clothes? Please, as long as you have the ability, and good clothes are not always expensive, it's just a matter of how we can choose them. So, don't be careless. A Muslim should not let his clothes go unwashed for two days, thus carrying a bad body odor. Don't. That is not part of the Sharia. Part of the Sharia is that Allah is beautiful and loves beauty. And the Prophet, peace be upon him, said, "Indeed, Allah loves to see the trace of His blessings on His servant." Allah wants to see you always clean, fragrant, neat, achieving. That is what Allah wants to see from His servant. Because that is a blessing. Allah loves to see the trace of His blessings on His servant. So it is indeed like that. Therefore, Allah makes us feel hot so that when we bathe, we feel refreshed. So that we bathe, Allah loves to see us, to see neat arrangements, so we are neat, and so on. All of that is part of what needs to be considered substantially. Now, regarding wearing clothes other than good quality ones, please do so according to your ability. Don't forget that we are also bound by covering the 'awrah. That's why even if it's branded, even if it's the most expensive in the world, as long as the 'awrah is exposed, it remains bad clothing, which is part of our discussion. Because it is considered bad in the sight of Allah, exalted is He. For example, women in Europe, in the West, their clothes may be branded but completely exposed, from the back, from the front, the 'awrah is all exposed, their clothes are split. For example, men may wear shorts or, excuse me, just underwear on the beach or on the street, it is still bad in Islam because the 'awrah is exposed, and a Muslim combines both: dressing neatly, cleanly, and also covering the 'awrah. Subhanallah. There is an international survey and research, and by the power of Allah, exalted is He, who usually conducts such research, even non-Muslims, so that belief in the existence of Allah, exalted is He, may arise in their hearts. There is now research that has found a type of disease similar to skin cancer, which is caused precisely by the frequent exposure of body parts to the sun and being exposed in public places. That is international research. So, subhanallah, it is presented as international research. So many women nowadays are getting skin diseases that were not present in people before. It turns out to be because of frequent exposure, perhaps exposing the 'awrah in public, being exposed to the sun, this and that. So the more it is covered, the better, the more protected. Except for certain points, because hands interact frequently, and the face, it is also permissible in Sharia for women to expose them. So, there are wisdoms in Sharia. But as Muslims, we don't need this research to believe. Because we believe in Allah's Sharia, exalted is He. Whoever dares to expose their 'awrah with its various criteria, whether it's direct exposure of the skin that is commanded to be covered or body parts that are commanded to be covered. We will also discuss the limits of the 'awrah for men and women. Whether in public places or in front of their mahrams, there are also limits besides husband and wife. Such as with fathers, uncles, nephews, children. All of these also have limits that we will discuss, God willing. So, what are the limits? What kind of clothing is permissible and what is not, for both men and women. However, we will start with a very famous hadith of the Prophet, peace be upon him. This hadith is narrated by Imam Muslim. "Two types of people from the dwellers of hellfire whom I have not seen." The scholars of hadith say, they did not exist during the lifetime of Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him. But they are destined to come after the Prophet, peace be upon him, passed away, and they will be among the dwellers of hellfire if they do not repent. Then he said, "There are people who have whips like the tails of cows with which they strike people." Some scholars say these are extortionists, owners of extortionists who in the past, when there were tyrannical kings and leaders, had right-hand men who would beat people and forcibly take people's rights. So the Prophet, peace be upon him, considered them as people entering hellfire because they took what was not rightfully theirs. Especially the property of Muslims in general. Even property is not allowed to be taken. Even from non-Muslims, it is not allowed to be taken. Let alone the property of Muslims. As the Prophet, peace be upon him, said, "It is not permissible to take the property of a Muslim except with his willing consent." So it is absolutely not allowed. Even their seat, if they are sitting, we are not allowed to take it. Whether during prayer or outside of prayer. On the bus, on the train, it is not allowed. Except with permission. So this is part of the matter, but we will not discuss it now. We will discuss the second part of this hadith. Two types of dwellers of hellfire whom the Prophet, peace be upon him, had not seen in his time. The second is "women who are clothed but naked, who are alluring and lead others astray, their heads are like the humps of leaning camels." Women who are clothed but naked, alluring and lead others astray, their heads are like the humps of leaning camels. This means they have clothes, but they are like naked people. That's why scholars detail the exposure of the 'awrah as the direct exposure of body parts that are forbidden to be shown. For example, for women, besides the palms of their hands and their faces, the exposure of their calves, feet, neck, and head. For women, it is the same as exposing other body parts. For example, their abdomen, their chest, it's all the same because it's all 'awrah. So that this matter is understood. Because many women think, "It's okay, it's just my feet." Even though their feet are 'awrah, just like their private parts are 'awrah, just like their abdomen is 'awrah. So legally, it's the same, the sin is great for all of them. So it's not allowed. Therefore, don't take it lightly. So this point must be emphasized. So they are clothed but like naked people. The skin of body parts that are forbidden to be shown can be seen directly, or they wear very tight clothing that forms the curves of their bodies, making people who see it think it's just a difference in color. Just a difference in color. If they wear leggings, for example, black. If they don't wear pants, for example, their thighs are white. But the curves of their bodies are visible. People can tell, "Oh, it's like this." That is considered exposing the 'awrah. That's why the Prophet said, "They are clothed but naked." Meaning they have clothes, but the clothes are just decoration, not covering the 'awrah. The main purpose of clothing is to cover our 'awrah. To cover our 'awrah. In the previous meeting, we explained how Allah described in the Quran. Be careful, lest you become like your two parents, Adam and Eve, whose clothes were opened by Satan or Iblis. We explained this in last Wednesday's meeting. I will not repeat it. But the first characteristic is women who are clothed but naked, then they sway. Meaning they walk normally. But some people intentionally walk in certain ways to attract the attention of the opposite sex. So, the opposite sex becomes attracted, perhaps by their coquetry, perhaps by their style. This is very different when in front of a husband, or when a husband also uses revealing clothing or walks in a certain way that might attract the opposite sex. With a husband and wife, there is no problem. But in public places, there is none of this. Then the third, their heads are like the humps of leaning camels. Meaning their hair is styled like camel humps. Look at a camel's hump, it's on its back, sticking out. Like this. Perhaps now it's a bun, or their hair is blow-dried high and then intentionally styled. This is not allowed in Islam. We are talking about the scope of Islamic teachings. If someone wants to do it, it's between them and Allah. But we have an obligation to explain this matter. The Prophet, peace be upon him, said, women like that wear clothes but are like naked, swaying. Automatically, if their clothes are tight and their purpose is to attract the attention of the opposite sex, they will surely follow it with their swaying. Then their hair will also be opened, let loose to the right, to the left to attract people. Even when talking, sometimes their hair is styled, slightly adjusted here and there, all the same. The point is actually to attract the attention of the person in front of them. What did the Prophet, peace be upon him, say? Women like that will not enter paradise and will not smell its fragrance. Even though the fragrance of paradise can be smelled from a distance. That is the message of the Prophet, peace be upon him. And we must truly understand this matter. Let us also return to the important point that clothing in Islam, dear friends, must cover the entire body except what is permitted by Sharia. Even scholars discuss the limits of a man's 'awrah, even if it is from the navel to the knees, but it depends on the situation and condition of the region. If the situation and condition of the region are like ours now, it is strange for a man to walk with his chest exposed. Even though it is not his 'awrah, he is still encouraged to cover it in front of men or women, except in cases of emergency. Because Satan can still make men attracted to men or women attracted to women, the same. So the etiquette is to cover it. But in the past, there were times in human life when they went out wearing a cloth for the lower part, and sometimes they didn't wear anything for the upper part. There were such times in the past. But not in our time. So a Muslim must adapt to the conditions and circumstances. This is as etiquette and good manners. So the 'awrah has a minimum limit, but if it is covered more, it is even better, neater. Like women, whose faces and palms are allowed to be exposed. But if they want to do even better, they wear a niqab, they wear gloves. Although there is a difference of opinion among scholars about whether gloves and niqab are obligatory or recommended, if they truly want to maintain their good relationship with Allah, they perfect it. The same applies to men. They wear a shirt on the upper part, they wear trousers that are longer below, covering their knees and calves, for example. For instance, they wear a sleeved shirt, not too tight, for example. All of these are part of what is intended. It should also be known that clothing is indeed for adornment. True. That is indeed for adornment. Because Allah, exalted is He, says, "O children of Adam, take your adornment at every place of worship." O children of Adam, take your adornment when you go to every place of worship. But it must be correlated with covering the 'awrah. Also, for women, it must be added with not being like the 'tabarruj' that Allah mentions in Surah Al-Ahzab, verse 33: "And abide in your houses and do not display yourselves as [in] the displays of the earlier times of ignorance. And establish prayer and give zakah and obey Allah and His Messenger. Allah only intends to remove from you the impurity [of sin], O people of the household, and to purify you with [extensive] purification." And stay in your homes, and do not display yourselves as in the displays of the earlier times of ignorance. Among the characteristics of the people of ignorance is that they display their adornments, thus showing the wealth they possess, for example, or attracting the attention of the same sex or the opposite sex, or wearing anklets that are visible to add beauty. Whereas in reality, the purpose outside is to cover the 'awrah, to be safe from heat and cold. So, like that. So the more we maintain this, the more it aligns with Sharia. Furthermore, there is something that needs to be considered: clothing should not be too thin so that it is transparent. Men or women, it's the same. So this is part of what must be maintained because if it is left as it is, it is similar to the Prophet's saying, peace be upon him, clothed but like naked. Then for women and men, there is a difference regarding perfumes. For men, it is recommended to use perfume at home and outside the home. This is exemplified. In fact, the Prophet, peace be upon him, said, "The best perfume for men is one whose color is not bright but whose scent is noticeable." It's okay for men to use it because we have a lot of activities outside, exposed to the sun, going for five daily prayers, attending funerals, seeking sustenance, it's normal. But for women, there are limitations. At home, with her husband, with her mahrams. But if she goes out and smells fragrant or wears perfume that others can smell, this is very dangerous. We are not discussing laundry detergent that sticks to the body when washing clothes, but strong perfume. This falls under the famous hadith. A hadith narrated by Abu Dawood and An-Nasa'i, with a Hasan chain, which states that the Prophet, peace be upon him, said, "Any woman who wears perfume and passes by a group of men so that they can smell her fragrance, then she is a fornicator." So it is a major sin, not allowed to be done carelessly. This also needs to be considered. So let's not have any violations related to this matter, the exposure of the 'awrah. Now, entering the topic of our discussion, dear friends, is the limit of the 'awrah. Now, the limit of the 'awrah needs our attention. Let's start with the limit of the 'awrah for women with their mahrams. So, for example, a daughter with her father, a sister with her brother. So, there are limits. The first opinion on this matter is from the scholars of Malikiyyah and Hanabilah, followers of Imam Malik and Imam Ahmad. The 'awrah of a woman in front of her mahrams, her father, uncle, brother, is [clears throat] the face, head, neck upwards, both palms, and her feet are permissible to be seen. Anything else is not permissible, such as exposing the chest of a daughter to her biological father. Not allowed. Especially if she has reached puberty. Not allowed. So it is not permissible for a daughter, because of her father, to wear a tight t-shirt that exposes her chest. Her father is also a man. And we know that in the chapter on adultery, the most severe is adultery with a mahram. Father and daughter, mother and son. Similarly, if we reverse it, a mother and her daughter, it is not permissible to expose her chest. For example, there are many cases that happen. Sometimes, because a mother is breastfeeding her baby, she thinks her son, who is the eldest, is still young. The son is starting to mature. He can distinguish between genders, like 7 years old, 5 to 7 years old, that's called 'sinut tamyiz' (age of discernment). At that age, he can distinguish genders. It is not permissible for him to see his mother's chest anymore. But many mothers think, "This is my child." Not allowed. How many people with their siblings? Some people are breastfeeding, they think, "This is my sister, it's okay." Then they expose their breasts in front of them. Not allowed. This is an example. So the breasts are not allowed, the chest is not allowed, the abdomen is not allowed to be seen. Especially if she is wearing, excuse me, only a bra and underwear. Not allowed at all. This is with mahrams. We are now discussing with mahrams. Later, at the end, we will explain that if it's like this with mahrams, how about with non-mahrams? That's even further. Even with mahrams, it's not allowed. It is stated here that according to the Malikiyyah and Hanabilah, all of that is 'awrah and it is forbidden for a woman's father to look at those body parts, even without lust or desire. You, as a father, have a grown daughter, and you say, "I'm not looking with lust." It's not possible, even without lust. It is not permissible to look at your daughter's thighs, not her abdomen, not her chest. Even if she is your biological daughter, let alone if she is from your wife's previous marriage. That stepdaughter is also a mahram. It's the same, not allowed. Because if someone marries a widow, and the widow has a daughter, that daughter becomes a permanent mahram to the husband of her mother. Even if this husband divorces her mother, it is still not permissible for this man to marry his ex-wife's daughter if he has had intercourse with the widow. This is included. Then, according to the Hanafiyyah scholars, the 'awrah of a woman with her mahrams is between the navel and the knees. This is the opinion within the Hanafiyyah. This means from her chest to her knees is not allowed to be seen. Similarly, the back and abdomen are also considered 'awrah in the Hanafiyyah opinion. That's why the navel mentioned here is above the chest up to the knees. Other than that 'awrah, it is still permissible to be exposed in front of mahrams, provided that, according to the Hanafiyyah opinion, it is safe from temptation. Meaning, the father, uncle, elder brother, younger brother are not tempted. Because some women are blessed by Allah with physical advantages, their skin is very white, they are well-built, so they can tempt their brothers. Especially if the brother is of a different religion, not knowledgeable about religion. How many times have we heard news of adultery between siblings? So, like that. Then, in the Shafi'i school of thought, a man may look at a woman who is his mahram, but it is similar to the Hanafiyyah opinion, more or less, from the upper chest or abdomen to the knees. The mahram referred to here is one who has a relationship by lineage or suckling. Some Shafi'i scholars also hold the same opinion as the first, which is that only the neck upwards, palms, and feet are permissible to be seen, and that is much safer. That is much safer. This is also mentioned by Imam Nawawi, may Allah have mercy on him. He said, "As for the ruling on a man looking at his mahram, the strongest opinion is that only certain parts are permissible to be seen, not all of them. Specifically, the neck upwards, perhaps some of the arms, some below the neck, not the chest itself. The abdomen is also not allowed, the thighs are also not allowed. But other than these, some still permit it." So, this is roughly the limit of a woman's 'awrah in front of her mahrams. As for the limit of a woman's 'awrah with other women, it is mentioned that there is an opinion that says it is similar to the previous one. Women with women, the ruling is the same as women with their mahrams. There is also an opinion that only the chest up to the genital area is not allowed to be seen. Other than that, for example, if her thighs are exposed to other women, some still permit it. So, this is the limit between women. Other than that, it is absolutely not allowed. Because some people, subhanallah, enter open bathing places for scrubs and consider it okay, "It's just women." Not allowed. What is the wisdom? Scholars say that women also have desires. There are lesbians. Yes. Secondly, the problem is that a woman looking at another woman in a salon or elsewhere, can't she, for example, if the woman being massaged is asleep, can't she video her in this day and age? Can't she take it? Can she show it to her manager, show it to the owner of the scrubbing place? It's possible. For example, can't she also tell her husband, just an example, or something else? She might be affected by 'ain (evil eye) or envy. The woman being massaged, perhaps she doesn't have a body as perfect as the one being massaged, so she becomes envious. For example, there are too many effects. Therefore, if you need something like this, it's safer to do it yourself, or by covering certain 'awrahs, so that the person helping you might touch a certain point but not see it directly. These things might still be options. Roughly like that. As for the limit of a man's 'awrah, it is that men with other men, as mentioned in the hadith of the Prophet, peace be upon him, "Indeed, what is between the navel and the knee is 'awrah." The Prophet said that. Hanafiyyah scholars are of the opinion that the navel itself is not 'awrah. Scholars detail it: the Prophet said between the navel in the abdomen, then up to the knees is 'awrah, that is the hadith. But Hanafiyyah scholars say the meaning of this hadith is that it is not the navel itself, but below the navel up to near the knees. The knees are not included. It has something to do with prayer. For example, if a man is praying, dear friends, and he is wearing a t-shirt. For example, the t-shirt has shrunk because it has been washed many times. He is wearing trousers, and the trousers are just at his navel, so when he says Allahu Akbar, the t-shirt rides up, and a little bit of his navel is visible. Does his prayer become invalid? According to the Hanafiyyah opinion, no. Because the navel itself is not included in the 'awrah. But below it is 'awrah. That's how sensitive they are in discussing the limits of 'awrah. Similarly, they see that the knees are included in the 'awrah. They see the navel as not 'awrah, but the knees are included in the 'awrah. They rely on a hadith which is a weak hadith. "The knee is part of the 'awrah." The Prophet, peace be upon him, said the knee is part of the 'awrah, but this hadith is weak. Of course. Meanwhile, the strongest opinion is that one should indeed guard from the navel to the knees. Except in emergency situations where it is unavoidable, unintentional, or for medical treatment, the 'awrah is exposed. Like the example if you have heard the hadith where the Prophet, peace be upon him, was bathing his feet in a basin of water in a garden. Then he uncovered up to his knees. Some of his thigh was visible. Then Abu Bakr entered. Abu Bakar also followed the Prophet. He sat to the right of the Prophet. Umar entered. Umar sat like the Prophet. When Uthman came, the Prophet covered his knees. Then Abu Bakar and Umar asked, "Why, O Messenger of Allah? Why did you do that? Why didn't you do that when we both entered?" The Prophet, peace be upon him, said, "Should I not be shy of the one of whom the angels are shy?" From this narration, it is explained that in a situation where perhaps Abu Bakar and Umar were too close to the Prophet, peace be upon him. You are too close to someone, your sibling, your brother, both men. There is no effect. That's different. But if you are walking around in the mall wearing shorts, don't. So that your thighs are visible. Men are also like that. So, all of these are parts that need to be considered. Now, if it's like this even with men, then what about women? Meaning, men to women, then it must be guarded even more. This is also part of what needs to be considered. Furthermore, dear friends, what we also need to consider is what happens if the 'awrah is exposed while someone is praying. This is also discussed by scholars in relation to this matter. I will summarize directly. Sheikh Uthaymeen, may Allah have mercy on him, mentioned in his explanation of Al-Mumti' that if the 'awrah is exposed intentionally, the prayer is invalid. You know this, there is actually a tear in your trousers, your thigh is visible. The point is 'awrah. We have explained the limits for men, we have explained the limits for women. If it is intentionally exposed, the prayer is invalid. Whether it is a little or a lot. So it's not allowed to be careless. Don't say, "My trousers are torn. It's okay, rather than invalidating my prayer." It is invalid from the beginning. If there is a tear, it should be sewn, especially in the 'awrah areas. Then it is stated that if the 'awrah is exposed intentionally, the prayer is invalid. Whether it is exposed a little or a lot. Whether it is for a long time or a short time. For example, if a woman intentionally exposes her hair while praying, her prayer is considered invalid. She knows it's not loose and she knows from the side that her hair is still visible, so she lets it be, her prayer is invalid. It's a waste of time. Therefore, her hair should be really neat. Perhaps wear an inner cap, then wear the prayer garment, which is even better, so that it is completely unseen. Secondly, Sheikh Uthaymeen, may Allah have mercy on him, said, if the 'awrah is exposed unintentionally and the exposure is slight, meaning not severe. For example, a woman's foot shows her thumb or the tip of her hair. He detailed it, even saying that if a few strands of hair are visible, then the prayer is not invalid because it was unintentional. But if she knows and does it intentionally, then don't. This also includes if it is unintentional, and then she says Allahu Akbar, she feels her hand touching some strands of her hair, and then she immediately tucks it in. Because it was unintentional. Hopefully, it is not invalid. Thirdly, if the 'awrah is exposed unintentionally, but the exposure is very severe, a large tear in the trousers, the prayer garment, a large opening. Especially in sensitive areas like the private parts and the anus. The genital area, the back, excuse me. Then such exposure can invalidate the prayer. And if it is only exposed unintentionally and it is possible for her to cover it, and the time is only short. For example, if it is exposed, and indeed in that area, for example, a pocket or something has a zipper, she can close it, but if it is exposed in the inner part with a tear and she closes it immediately when she knows, it can still be considered not invalid. Lastly, it is stated that if the 'awrah is exposed unintentionally, and the exposure is severe and lasts for a long time, then the prayer is invalid. If it is left for a long time, then it is invalid. Especially if someone has already reminded her. Even if she has been reminded. So we can see, dear friends, that even prayer can be invalidated simply because someone does not maintain their 'awrah. So the conclusion from our discussion tonight is that exposing the 'awrah is considered bad appearance, and a Muslim should be careful with their closest mahrams, other than husband or wife. Because with husband and wife, it's okay not to wear clothes. Then also with the surrounding environment, including choosing clothes that form the 'awrah, all of that is not allowed. All of this is bad appearance. And fortunate are those who can understand this, so they are careful and maintain their 'awrah. Allah knows best. Yes. Please. Okay, Ustaz. I have a few questions. Peace and mercy and blessings of Allah be upon you, Ustaz. Excuse me, I want to ask. And upon you be peace. I have an experience when I was studying in Madinah. There was a sister who wore a niqab, but her clothes were tight. She was an Indonesian citizen working there. Then, when she dressed like that, she was dating and hugging a brother. Coincidentally, my friend who works there, when I advised her about her clothes and behavior, she said, "If you were given the chance, you would surely want it too and call me a hypocrite." What should I do? Should I keep advising or remain silent, Ustaz? Jazakallah khair. Advise and leave that person. Don't be friends with such a person. Usually, people who are sinners, friends, commit violations, and they don't actually know the law, or they know the law, but because they are tempted by Satan, they will be more lenient when advised. "This is not allowed, brother, this is not allowed, sister, because the 'awrah is exposed and so on." Oh, yes, thank you. That person is touched. But if there is someone like this, a perpetrator of sin, and we tell them, "This is not allowed and so on," they say, "Oh, you would do the same if you were in my position. Don't advise such a person." Done. I would just say, "Yes, I'm just saying this is not allowed. If you accept it, praise be to Allah. If you don't, it's okay. Then just leave. Don't be friends with such a person. Because nowadays, it's a tug-of-war. They can influence us, or we can be influenced by them. There are still many other people who need our advice. So don't waste your time with that. This is not about being a premature hero, deliberately sitting there. If someone is watching pornography, it's wrong. We should join them first, then I will advise them. They will surely say, "You were watching too." Even if you bring a thousand proofs, it will not be accepted. Because if something is forbidden, the early scholars would avert their gaze, then they would advise from afar, often saying, "Fear Allah, be afraid," and so on, and then they would leave. Yes, I remember one of our lecturers in Madinah when I was still in high school. We were invited by him to his house, we talked. Sometimes these scholars there, they often take students and invite them for conversations, give advice, give books. One time, passing by a cafe in Madinah, a place for shisha. Many people in Indonesia don't know that shisha is the same as smoking. In fact, it's more potent. In Saudi Arabia, it is absolutely forbidden, the same as smoking. No difference. In Indonesia, it's considered a trend. What's clear is that it's up to you. You consider it a trend, fine. I also have the right to convey its ruling, which is not allowed. So, each to their own. Because nowadays, if people talk about it, "Oh, this is like this," they are looking for fault. So, let everyone do as they please. It's a democratic country, free, right? You can argue, we can also argue. But it's the same. Subhanallah. We were in the car passing by. And he passed by. I still remember, I was still young, in high school. He passed by. He said directly from his car, "O Muslims, fear Allah, this is not allowed in Islam, it is forbidden." He did not get out. He did not sit in that cafe advising people. No. We passed by, and he just said from the car, "O Muslims, fear Allah. This is not allowed, it is forbidden." Then he drove on and continued talking to us. At that time, I didn't understand very well. But after entering the field, I understood. Oh, perhaps he wanted to protect himself. Because Satan will adorn things for you, friends. If you see a couple of forbidden lovers holding hands, if you stay there for a long time, Satan will adorn it, looking for a good angle that Satan thinks will attract you. So if we say, "This is not allowed, it is forbidden, leave it," because we might be influenced. It's dangerous. If you advise someone drinking alcohol, "This is not allowed, it is forbidden." Leave it, because eventually Satan will find a weak spot for us. Then we get hooked. "Ah, it seems like he was really fragrant, the aroma." That's why he drank it. So, friends, don't close our eyes, don't close our ears to what is forbidden. The early scholars, if they heard gossip, they would cover their ears and leave. They really didn't want to hear it. Because they were afraid that if they heard it, it would influence them in other matters. Allah knows best. Yes. Next. Peace and mercy and blessings of Allah be upon you, Ustaz. Is it permissible to idolize disbelievers like K-pop fans, even if I don't follow their styles and clothing? Jazakallah khair. No, it is not permissible. Don't. There are still tens of thousands of the Prophet's companions, hundreds of thousands, millions of righteous people. Many Tabi'in, Tabi' Tabi'in. Many righteous people. Why disbelievers? You say now, "I don't, I don't imitate them." That's lying to ourselves. If you idolize someone, how can you not be attracted to their clothing? How can you not find out about their favorite food? Not today. Maybe tomorrow. Nonsense. What for? Don't, dear friends. Yes, one of our future discussions, I will need a third episode for this matter, because we still have the issue of imitating the clothing of disbelievers, their appearance, wearing forbidden fabrics, which needs its own discussion. So perhaps we will continue it, God willing, in our episode on bad appearance. But perhaps after Hajj, because next week I will be guiding Hajj. So perhaps next Wednesday we will have a break because the departure is on Monday. But God willing, we will continue that matter. By the permission of Allah, we will discuss it. So don't idolize anyone. The number one person to idolize is Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him. If you are given a choice between Prophet Muhammad and other prophets, it is Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him. But if you are asked who you idolize, we say all prophets. Number one is Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him. Know his physical characteristics, his skin color, his eyebrows, everything until you love the Prophet. Oh, it turns out the Prophet was like this, his physique was perfect. Indeed, he was perfect. All prophets were perfected by Allah in their physique. None of them had an ugly face, none had ugly hair, none had an ugly physique. All prophets were muscular, healthy, strong, handsome, polite. All of that was present in the prophets. They are the most worthy of being followed. No prophet was ugly, none. No prophet was flawed, none. All prophets were famous among their people. That's why Allah, the Prophet, peace be upon him, said that Allah gave all prophets the strength of ten men. So they were handsome, they were clean, they were fragrant, they were messengers of Allah. They are the most worthy of being idolized. What is the benefit of this singer or that Western person? If you are attracted by their handsomeness, there is no handsomeness that surpasses that of the prophets. Their fame, who can surpass the fame of the prophets, with billions of followers? For example, there is no reason. The wealth of the prophets, they were wealthy. They were successful, not just in this world, but in the hereafter. All followers of the prophets are like the fruit of the tree. For example, we have made dozens of episodes about the companions. Try listening to them, from Abu Bakar, Umar, Uthman, to the companions. We have discussed almost 50 companions. There are still many female companions of the Prophet. Sisters, let's study Khadijah, Fatimah, Asia, Maryam, peace be upon them, who are leaders of the women of paradise. Study the characteristics of the houris of paradise, what they are like, so that we can compete with them in paradise. Because believing women...
Successfully entering heaven means becoming the leader of the people in heaven, or the angels in heaven, and so on. That is the truth. So, there's no need to idolize these non-Muslims. No need, not necessary. Because the danger of idolizing someone will definitely have an effect, a percentage of following them. If not 100%, then down to 90%, it will definitely decrease. It's impossible not to. Yes. Alright. May Allah bless you, Ustaz. Next, from a brother, 21 years old, a student. Ustaz, may we all remain on the path of truth. Is cosplay or costume play, commonly known as playing dress-up, which means an activity or performance art where someone wears costumes, accessories, and makeup to imitate fictional characters from anime, manga, video games, movies, or comics, permissible, Ustaz? For what? For what purpose to appear like that? For what purpose to appear? You yourself. This is the face Allah created, appear as you are. You are all the best of Allah's creations. Yes, all men who think they are ugly, it's yourselves. Actually, you are not ugly. True. Because if we say, "Why am I so ugly like this?" You are insulting Allah. Allah created you. Can we choose our eyebrows? No. What can we choose? Nothing. Teeth, eyebrows, nose shape, lips. Allah created these. Our duty is only to ride this body for worship to Allah. That's all. For what? To be a model for this cat costume, this costume, that costume. [laughter] Don't be weird. Just be normal. People, if they wear nice clothes, there are standards, right? Men wear suits, wear clean, neat clothes. There's always no room for criticism. People say, "Oh, this isn't neat." Right? But if we look for clothes that might have flaws, a 50% chance people can judge them as good or bad, then we are opening ourselves up to negative judgment, for what? I once saw, Subhanallah, there was a time I was looking for clothes online, and there was a strange model of clothing. I asked some brothers next to me, "What kind of clothing model is this? One hand is long, one is short, what is the model?" "Oh, that's a new model, Ustaz. It's being made like this, they say it's a new model to be different from others." La hawla wala quwwata illa billah. So, there's a percentage of room where people clearly see one arm is there and one isn't, right? For example, but it's considered strange and correct, weird hairstyles, weird things that don't make sense. People can judge negatively, for what? Allah commands us to be beautiful, there are standards of beauty, there are standards of neatness, right? Allahu a'lam. Alright, next question from a sister. I work wearing clothes that cover my aurat, but I don't wear syar'i clothing. Outside of work, I always wear syar'i clothing. I myself strive not to wear tight clothing, always covering my aurat, my chest, my hijab. What is the ruling, Ustaz? If you are already wearing loose clothes, and they cover the aurat, hopefully, there is still a solution. Although we hope, of course, to find places and communities, workplaces that are good, where we can wear syar'i clothing more freely and so on. Our advice for these brothers and sisters, if they work in such places, is to always show our best quality. Usually, if we have quality, then the obstacles to using syar'i clothing will be overcome. I know some of our brothers and sisters who work in companies because they are high achievers, they are appreciated by the companies, they are given freedom to wear whatever they want. So they appear in their clothes, right? They are not forbidden. Sometimes, indeed, because we are considered not needed, that's how it is. The safest way, of course, if you ask for a fatwa like I said earlier, look for loopholes where we don't violate syar'i. The clothes are loose, even if not extremely syar'i, for example, it was said earlier that syar'i means a very large jilbab, maybe that's the fatwa, but if taqwa shifts, it's over. Find other sources of sustenance, ask Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala, beg Him to grant it, insya'Allah nothing is impossible for Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala, or perhaps Allah will provide something sufficient, then there's no need to depend on the workplace anymore. Because all of this will be accounted for. Friends, there is a story mentioned in the time of Imam Ahmad. A scholar passed away. Then one of his students had a dream and asked, "How are you now with Allah?" What did he say? Allah asked me about one moment. So, when he was still alive. I conveyed this at a tabligh akbar in Kendari yesterday. We had a tabligh akbar on the danger of the tongue, part one and part two. One of the stories is this. So he said in his dream, Allah asked me about one moment, it happened to be a prolonged drought. Then I just said, "How much humans need rain." Then Allah ordered the angels to ask me, "Why are you asking about something related to Allah's decision?" Meaning, if you pray, "O Allah, please send rain, it's okay." But if you say, "How much humans need rain, as if to say, 'O Allah, why are you withholding the rain?'" That's like protesting. Allah asked me, "Why did you say that?" Imam Ahmad Rahimahullah once fell ill and said, "Ouch, I'm in pain." Zakwan ibn Qaisan passed by. He was a great scholar named Taus. Taus means peacock, he was handsome, neat, clean. He was Imam Ahmad's teacher. He passed by and said, "O Ahmad, your utterance of 'ouch' will be questioned by Allah, why did you say it?" It is said that after that, Imam Ahmad never said 'ouch' again. He was afraid Allah would ask. Because even with pain, Allah knows why we are sick. Asking for healing is yes. But complaining about what Allah has decreed, this will be accounted for, to that extent, right? So, we must be more careful, friends. The last thing is, don't ask too many questions. Cover your aurat, it's done, right? Well, Ustaz, this is perhaps the last question, Ustaz. I really like it when it's the last question. A question from a man. Ustaz, I am someone who likes to exercise. What I'm asking is, are tight clothes, both shirts and pants, considered revealing the aurat, even though I am already wearing clothes that cover my knees? Then, what is the ruling on coloring hair for a woman? If it's tight and forms the body, it reveals the aurat. But it was asked, if I'm not mistaken, in the previous meeting, what about a man wearing leggings and then wearing shorts that reach his knees? Then what is formed is the curve of his calf. That's okay because the calf is not aurat. Whether it's covered or not, it doesn't matter. But if it's the thigh, and the pants are very tight, for example, that's aurat. It's the same as a man wearing a t-shirt, if it's tight but reaches his stomach. Actually, it's not a problem for men because their chest is not aurat. It's different for women, that's not allowed, right? But as for etiquette and manners, if not exercising, perhaps to absorb sweat, maybe it's still normal. But in public places, it's better to avoid it. It's feared that it might affect the opposite gender or similar. As for the ruling on coloring hair, men and women are allowed, as long as they avoid black. Men and women are allowed. Yes, that's why the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam said to Abu Bakar radhiyallahu anhu on the day of the conquest of Makkah, Abu Bakar brought his father named Abi Quhafah. Abi Quhafah. This father was very old. His hair was all white, his eyebrows were white, his beard was all white. And he was so old that Abu Bakar was carrying him to pronounce the Shahada in front of the Prophet. Then the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam said, "O Abu Bakar, we should have come to your father. This person wants to embrace Islam, but because Abu Bakar wanted to honor the Prophet, he brought him." Abu Bakar said, "No, O Messenger of Allah, my father and I are more deserving to come to you." Then he pronounced the Shahada. After that, the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam said, "What?" "Take him to one of his wives." Because Abi Quhafah was polygamous, to color his hair, eyebrows, beard, feel free to color them and avoid black. Abi Quhafah was very old. So, it's not a problem. And this does not conflict with the hadith about gray hair. There is a hadith, we have explained it in our studies, that gray hair will be a light on the Day of Resurrection. And whoever has gray hair in Islam, every day their hair is counted as reward. That indeed has its own value. But it doesn't mean that if someone colors their hair or beard that is white, for example, red or yellow, there are narrations that mention the Prophet used it. So, it doesn't mean removing the virtue of gray hair because the gray hair is still there, he just colored it. And Umar radhiyallahu anhu said, there is nothing more effective against gray hair than henna. Henna is like pacar, from the henna leaf. Henna, it exists. So, it can be used. Just avoid black. Black is not allowed. Because the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam said, "Avoid black." But other colors are not a problem. But there is a recipe to avoid having a lot of gray hair. Don't be emotional. Don't get angry easily. Get angry easily. Being emotional here and there, a small problem becomes a burden. As if you can't live anymore. All your eyebrows are furrowed, all gray hair. This is the problem. Someone once asked me, "Ustaz, why don't I see my gray hair?" I have gray hair, but it's not visible. I'm already 51 years old, Ustaz. Yes. Oh, I'm 30 and all gray. Your mind is full of emotions all the time. Everything makes you emotional, this emotion, a small burden becomes a problem. What if I'm called by the KPK (Corruption Eradication Commission), all my hair might fall out. La hawla wala quwwata illa billah. That's why Prophet Muhammad sallallahu alaihi wa sallam, when he passed away at the age of 63, among the companions, they estimated the Prophet's gray hair. Some said only three strands, the most said only 17 strands, at the age of 63, all of the Prophet's hair was black. So it's not impossible for it to remain black, as long as we can control it. And everyone will surely grow old, not not. But this is just a small recipe. Allahu a'lam. Subhanakallahumma wa bihamdika, asyhadu alla ilaha illa anta, astaghfiruka wa atubu ilaik. Wasalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. Gazwah TV is now available on satellite TV. This knowledge of religion is more needed than water when we are extremely thirsty.