Transcription
In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Peace, mercy, and blessings of God be upon you. Welcome to all of you, my dears. May you always and forever be in the best of health and well-being. We will begin in the name of God, young people, and today we will start our journey together with physiology. The crash course material for physiology is comprehensive and sufficient, containing all the points present in the main textbook. It does not omit a single word from the main textbook, so you can study from it and rely on it primarily. But doctor, I studied from the main textbook or the basic explanation notes and want to rely on them. My dear, as you wish. I want to explain from this because it summarizes the topic a bit. Agreed? >> Is there any problem with you? Okay, let's begin in the name of God. First, our great doctor, I am talking about something called the Human Body. What will I talk about, young people? Human what? Human Body. Focus with me, please. The human body, or the human body, we said in the end, is composed of a group of building units called cells, or what? >> Called cells, or what? Cells, or cells. How many cells are there in the body, esteemed doctor? The number of cells in the body reaches from 75 to 100 trillion cells. How many, doctor? From 75 to 100 trillion cells. I want to clarify something for you, doctor. Cells that are similar form a tissue, right? For example, a muscle cell, a muscle cell, and a muscle cell form something called what? They form something called what? >> Tissue. Listen, like muscle tissue, like nervous tissue, a nervous system or tissue. But my son, so again, doctor, cells that are similar form something called what? Tissue. Then tissue next to tissue next to tissue forms something called >> Organ. Give me examples. The heart is an organ. What else? The liver is an organ. The brain itself is an organ, and so on. Then organs that are similar or that complement each other's functions form a system. For example, the heart pumps blood into the blood vessels, so the heart and blood vessels form a system called the cardiovascular system. It is called what? >> So, what does the term cardiovascular system mean? The heart and blood vessels system. Then you have the nose, with the back of the mouth, or the pharynx, with the trachea, with the bronchi, with the doctor, the lungs. Are all these not different organs forming a system called the respiratory system, or called the respiratory system, as we learned before? Here is the brain, for example, and below it the brainstem, and below it the spinal cord. Are these not organs, organs, and organs forming something called the nervous what? The nervous system. But listen to me, our great doctor. The reproductive system in men, the reproductive system in women, there is something called the GI tract, here is the stomach, and below it the intestines, and so on. Are these not organs, organs, and organs? Organs that complement each other's functions form something called what? A system. They form something called what, young people? >> System. >> System. That's very good, doctor. The question here, if you please, what is the body made of? God said, "And We made from water every living thing." So you know that 60% of your body weight is what? >> Water. >> Water. Again, 60% of your body weight is what? >> So, total body water equals 60% of your body weight. But the question here, our great doctor, I am talking about an adult male. So if I bring you here and walk, I will find 60% of your body weight is water. Is this number always, always, always constant or does it change? >> It changes, doctor. The rule says oil and water do not mix. What does it mean that oil and water do not mix? If the fat in the body increases, the water >> decreases. So, again, the rule says oil and water do not mix. If the fat in the body increases, the word "fat" means what? >> Fat. What happens to the water? It decreases. Water or water. Does anyone have a problem with this rule? If fat increases, what decreases? It decreases water. So the question is, who has more fat? The man or the woman? The male or >> the female? >> The female has more fat. God created their bodies with more fat distribution than men or males. Is this difficult, my dear? No, it's not difficult. Meaning, the female has more fat in the buttocks area, has more breast tissue which contains fat. So, in total, the amount of fat in women is more than the amount of fat in men. Is there any problem? Do you have any objections, my son? Good. So what do you think when I talk about a man, but he is overweight? Meaning, a man who is >> fat. Me and this brother, let's go. What I know is better than what I don't know. Let's go out and make fun of each other. I have an anterior rectus abdominis, and he will also have an anterior rectus abdominis or a transverse, right? Am I wrong? Don't be stupid, you idiot. There is no such thing as anterior rectus abdominis. No, not anything. [Laughter] Not anything. Go back to what you believe in. There is no such thing. There are fissures, this is a completely different stage. Okay, again. So if someone is fat, if someone is what, my son? The fat, with me and with you, what? >> It's good, doctor. The fat is abundant, doctor. So, the fat, if it's high, listen. Then the water >> is low. Then the water is what? >> Low. Okay, doctor. So when I talk about an adult female or a person who is obese, I will find that the water is less than 60% due to the high fat content. And if you are a prince, you will write next to it: it does not mix with water, doctor. Then the infant or the baby, how many months old? 75% of its body weight is water or water. How much, doctor? >> 75% of its body is what? Water or water. So, wait. Normally, if I have an adult male, we said 60% water. And the rest of the body represents what? The remaining 40% is protein, fat, and salts or minerals. The remaining percentages are not for memorization, don't worry about it. The most important thing is the 60% and when it increases and when it decreases. Do you have any problems so far? Is this difficult, my son? No, it's not difficult. So listen to me, please. Our great doctor, I will tell you, yes. Where is the water in the body distributed? Where is the water in the body distributed? Let's draw a group of cells. What should we draw, young people? A group of cells. Allow me, please, to tell you the following. Okay, here is a cell, and here is a cell, and here is a cell. Inside each cell, there is a fluid called what? >> Called cytoplasm or intracellular fluid. May God bless you. So, inside the cell, there is fluid. Inside the cell, there is what? >> There is fluid. And around the cells, say with me, around the cells, there is what? Fluid, which is the interstitial what? >> Interstitial fluid. Here. So, let's go. Around the cells, which is the interstitial fluid. Then, inside the cell, inside the cell, what is it called? >> Here. >> Intracellular fluid. But there is, our great doctor, blood vessels that nourish it, right or am I wrong? >> Yes. The blood inside the blood vessels, is there water? >> Yes, there is water. What is the water inside the blood vessels called? Intravascular fluid. And your colleague who said plasma, your words are correct, there is no problem at all. Okay, good, our great doctor. So this is the water in my body. The water in my body is either inside the cells or outside the cells. So, wait. Outside the cells, it is all called extracellular fluid. Again, outside the cell, it is all called >> What? Again, outside the cell, it is called extracellular fluid. Say with me again, outside the cell, it is called extracellular fluid. What are you daydreaming about? What are you daydreaming about? The exam is here. Okay, let's go. Or don't be upset with me. When I look at you, okay. I don't mean to be like you. I want to wake you up. I'm worried about you, honestly. Okay. So if you are daydreaming, I will let you daydream for a while, but I will wake you up at some point. So don't be upset with me. I apologize in advance. Okay. Look at me. So, so, inside the cell, the fluid is either inside the cell or outside >> the cell. But if the fluid is inside, the word "inside" or "within" means what? Intracellular fluid. And everything outside is called what? Extracellular fluid. But outside, it is found in two places: either in the interstitial spaces between cells, or inside blood vessels. So, in the interstitial spaces between cells, what is it called? Interstitial fluid. And inside the blood, what is it called? Intravascular fluid. May God bless you, doctor. Look, the water is distributed as follows: Intracellular fluid or ICF, which is inside the cells. This means the water inside the cells. Or extracellular fluid, outside the cells, meaning the water outside the cells. And by the way, what is outside the cell is divided into interstitial and >> intravascular. What are the percentages? How much water is in the body? >> 60%. More. Is the water inside the cells or outside the cells? Inside the cells, more. The water in the body is inside the cells to the extent that two-thirds of the total body water is what, doctor? Two-thirds of the total body water. What does two-thirds mean? >> It means 40% of 60%. So, how much? >> 40% of 60. It is present within the intracellular fluid. So, intracellular fluid represents 40%, which is the total body water, which is, young people? >> And how much is left? >> 20%. The 20% is located where? Outside the cells. Outside, again, where, doctor? Either in the interstitial or intravascular. I regret to inform you, or rather, I am pleased to tell you now that the number of cells in the body is what? 75 trillion cells, right or am I wrong? A huge number of cells. So the water inside them is a lot, two-thirds of the total body water. And the interstitial spaces between the cells, what about them, doctor? >> They are also very numerous. They represent what? No, the interstitial spaces, my dear. Interstitial is 15%, and blood is what? >> 5%. So, inside the cells is 40%, and here in the interstitial is 15%, and blood is what? >> Five. So, that makes a total of 60%. Do you have any problems so far? Is this difficult, my son? I hope there is no problem at all, doctor. Okay, let's continue the discussion later to talk later, with your permission, please. Okay, my dear, with your permission, please. How did we measure the volume of water in the different body compartments? In the different what? Body compartments. Allow me, please, to draw a picture together. Okay. In the name of God. Let's go, my dear. I will draw for you now. This is a what? >> This is a blood vessel. Okay, this blood vessel nourishes a group of cells. And here are the cells, I am drawing them for you. Inside the cell, there is fluid called what? >> Intracellular >> Fluid. Inside the cell, there is fluid called what? >> Intracellular what? >> Intracellular fluid. This is fluid inside whom, my son? It is fluid inside the cells. And there is fluid around the cells, if you are paying attention. Fluid around the cells, what is it called? >> Say with me, the fluid around the cells is called what? >> Interstitial >> The fluid around the cells is called interstitial fluid. Here, as you can see. We finished. The fluid around the cells is called interstitial fluid. >> And inside the cell, it is called what? >> Intracellular fluid. And here, inside the blood, it is called what? The fluid >> is called plasma, or as you said, intravascular fluid. The scientist who did this work is called >> Fick. So he named the story after himself completely and called it, our great doctor, Fick's Principle. Fick's what? Principle. >> He said, we will inject a substance that dissolves in the fluid. What do you think, please, if, for example, I want you to tell me, our great doctor, what is the volume of this water? There was a general rule that said the volume equals what over what? >> My dear, volume equals, listen to me. Volume equals the amount of a certain substance injected into this water, divided by the concentration of the substance in the water. >> Meaning, if I want to calculate the volume of water, I get a substance, dissolve it in water. Do I have the amount of this substance or not? >> I have the amount of this substance. Then I take a sample of the water and check the concentration of the substance in the water. Calculate the amount of the substance you dissolved, divided by the concentration of the substance in the water, and it will give you the volume of this water. This is physics, I have nothing to do with it, but the formula is present. So, again, the volume of water in any compartment, what will I do? I will dissolve a substance in it. Do you know the amount of this substance or not? I know the amount of this substance. After a while, I will take a sample. Take what? >> A sample. And check the concentration of the substance in this sample. And divide it, doctor. The formula says volume equals amount divided by >> concentration. Volume equals what? >> Meaning, volume equals amount divided by concentration. This is a purely physical law. So, please. So I will need to inject a substance into the body. Yes. But this substance, I am sorry, doctor, what is it called? He said it is called an indicator. The substance, the substance that is injected is called what? >> The indicator. When I inject it into the body, it has some properties or characteristics. Can I inject a substance into the body and in the end, God forbid, it turns out to be a toxic substance? No, I cannot. So it must be non-toxic. This is the first condition. Second, can the body use it? >> Meaning, can I inject glucose? No. Look at me from here, doctor. If you inject a substance like glucose, the cells will consume the glucose. So when I check its concentration in the blood, I will find its concentration is low. Will this be normal? So the substance I inject must be usable. >> Meaning, can I inject a substance that reacts with the body's cells or body components? Again, no. So it must be an inert substance. What does inert mean? >> An inert substance. What, young people? >> An inert substance. Anyway, we agreed, esteemed doctor, that we will get something called an indicator, or what? The substance that I inject. I will inject, for example, the first indicator I have here into the blood. >> This indicator, I want to use it to calculate something called total body water. I want to calculate what? >> Total body water. Allow me to ask, and I will explain. Please, I will ask randomly. Tell me, doctor, the total body water, the water is present in how many places? Inside the cell and outside the cell. Here, inside the cell, what is it called? >> Intracellular. >> And outside? Interstitial and intravascular. So, if I inject a substance, and I want this substance to calculate the total body water, this substance must dissolve in how many places? Three places. Here is the substance. First, it dissolves in plasma. And give it some time to leave the blood and dissolve in the interstitial fluid, and then enter the cell, dissolve inside the cells. What? So this substance can pass the capillary wall and can pass the cell membrane of the cells. What is this substance, our great doctor? He said this substance deserves the title of heavy water, or what else is it called? >> Antipyrine. Is this what comes in the exam, my son? In the exam, my son, in the afternoon, they ask about the name of the indicator itself. What are the characteristics of heavy water and antipyrine? It can pass, doctor, all the compartments of the body that contain water. In plasma, it dissolves. I inject it and leave it for some time. So I leave it for some time why? To do diffusion. To do what? >> And diffuse from the blood into the interstitial fluid, then into the cells, then into what? >> Inside the cells. Is there any dilemma or problem with you so far? The first thing, this indicator calculates the total body water. So it is called heavy water and antipyrine. It diffuses where? It diffuses in the intracellular and everything outside. Both of them together are called what? They are called extracellular fluid, my son. Isn't "extra" everything outside the cells? It includes what and what? Say with me. It includes interstitial and >> plasma or intravascular. Does anyone object to anything? >> No. >> Whoever wants me to repeat this, raise their hand. I have a question. >> No, keep the question until I finish the part. Okay. Do you have any problems so far? Okay. He said, what do you think if you please, we want to inject another substance. Inject what? >> Another substance. For example, this substance, I want it to calculate, doctor, the extracellular >> fluid. Yes, I will ask you. Where is the extracellular fluid? Interstitial fluid and plasma. >> You told me plasma and interstitial fluid. Both are outside the cell, right? >> Meaning, the substance I inject >> This substance I inject, here. When I inject it into the blood, it will enter the blood, right? It will pass outside the blood vessels >> Yes, you clever turtle IQ. This calculates extracellular fluid. What does extracellular fluid mean? >> It means blood and interstitial. Yes, here. It will go to the interstitial. Will it enter the cells? >> No. >> No. The substance diffuses, or the indicator diffuses, in the place whose water volume we want to calculate. Don't forget the formula. What does the formula say? It says the amount of substance you injected. After a while, I will take a blood sample and check its concentration. Its concentration where? In the fluid it diffused into. So, this substance, regardless of its name, where did it diffuse now? It diffused in two places. First, it diffused where? In plasma. And where else did it diffuse? In interstitial fluid. Did it enter the cells? >> He said no. What is this substance, I am sorry, what is its name? Very important. This substance is called inulin or sodium >> thiocyanate. Is that correct? Or is it incorrect? Is there any problem so far? These names are for memorization, by the way. In an exam, they once wrote for them number one: insulin. >> And the blind is blind in sight and insight, honestly. They wrote what? They chose insulin. Come on, turtle IQ. Read the sentence carefully. What is the substance called? >> The indicator is called inulin. It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Okay. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With radioactive iodine. >> Why not normal plasma proteins? Because I can distinguish them. >> Because I can distinguish them and separate them from the body's plasma proteins. Because the blood contains plasma proteins. Is this difficult? Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> Yes. You? >> Yes. No, the one in front of me. Is this the first time you are hearing this? >> I heard it before. Is there a periodic review? Hopefully. Okay. May God help. Is there anyone sitting in front of me? Quick survey. Raise your hand if this is the first time you are hearing this. Meaning, everyone sitting in front of me has either heard a basic explanation or a periodic review, right or am I wrong? Is there anyone, my son, who is outside this rule? Let me know. Honestly, I am covering and protecting you. Why are you laughing? You are awake. The one who put his hand on his head and is lamenting. You woke up to everything. >> What? >> You watched everything. >> Okay, good. Imagine the people who heard the basic explanation, heard the periodic review, and are now hearing a crash course. They can't stand me. They are constantly saying, "Come on, hurry up." Right or wrong? It happened. So please, if you would be so kind. We took a lesson and a moral in this module. In the next module, we will see what people will do. You should have learned from your mistakes by now. Okay. So, the substance I inject, it dissolves where? >> Only in plasma. Like a dye called Evans Blue Dye, or plasma protein labeled with what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It diffuses where? It diffuses in two places. It diffuses in blood and interstitial fluid. Does it enter the cells? >> No, it does not enter the cells, doctor. Very good. Then, what do I have next? What do you think about this? I want to inject a substance, but this substance, I want it to calculate only the plasma volume. Meaning, before I even think, when I inject the substance >> Where will it diffuse? >> Plasma. Will it pass the blood vessel? No. Will it go to the cells? No. It will diffuse in how many places? >> Only one place. What is this substance called? >> Dye. What is its name? >> Evans >> Blue >> Dye. >> Correct? Is there anything else? He said yes, you can put >> plasma proteins, but they are bound to what? >> Radioactive iodine. With what? Radioactive iodine. Is this difficult so far? No. Let's memorize the names of the indicators together. Let's mark them together. Isn't this what comes in the exam? The name of the indicator. I want to memorize it. We want to mark it so we don't forget it. Look, my son. As soon as you see the words "total body water," the word "water" means heavy water. Okay. And memorize with it antipyrine. Memorize what? >> Antipyrine. >> Antipyrine. Is it difficult? No. Second one, extracellular fluid. Who is the ion that is abundant outside? >> Sodium. Meaning sodium thiocyanate. Sodium. Okay. I'm associating it. I'm linking it. Who is abundant outside? >> So when I say extra, tell me sodium thiocyanate. With what else? >> Inulin. Not insulin. I beg you. Not what? >> Insulin. It comes in the MCQs to confuse you. Inulin. Listen. The substance is called inulin. It
Our great doctor, it circulates in the blood as waste products, or waste product, which you get rid of by filtering the blood through the kidneys, or the kidney, which throws the waste into the urine, or in the urine, or the urine. Is there any problem so far? It's difficult, my son. This is the first exchange, and this is the second exchange. The first exchange is at the level of the cell membrane. The second exchange, sorry, sorry, the first exchange is at the level of the cell membrane. The second exchange is at the level of the capillary wall, as you can see before you. Is there any problem so far? Is there any problem so far?
Well, if you please, our great doctor, let me tell you the following: The basis of the body's work to maintain homeostasis is something called feedback, or control, or reflex. What does the word "reflex" mean? What does the word "what" mean? >> It means the word "what." Do you remember we took it in autonomic, which is action and reaction? >> Action and reaction. For example, let's prick you with a pin. What will you do? >> You'll pull your hand away, right? That prick is the stimulus. Who felt it? >> Receptors. It traveled in a nerve. >> Afferent, or sensory, right or wrong? Come on, your brain completely forgot. It traveled by an afferent nerve, or what? Or sensory. It went to the center. >> An efferent nerve came out. It pulled my hand, meaning it affected the organ, creating feedback control, or feedback, which is the reaction that happened. These are the components of the reflex, young people. So, when I prick you with a pin, that's a stimulus. Who detects the prick? Receptors. It sends it through a sensory nerve going to the center. An efferent nerve returns to affect whom? The organ, making me do feedback and pull my hand away. This is an example we took.
Is there another example I want to explain? What do you think when I tell you, isn't this the stomach? Come on, the drawing is in your booklet, by the way. Isn't this, young people, the stomach? Food went inside it. Does the stomach feel the food inside it? Yes, because there are receptors in the stomach wall. So, there's receptor number one here, sending an afferent nerve, what kind of nerve? >> In green here, going to whom? To the CNS. The CNS is considered, for me, the center. It, young people, >> perceives that food has entered the stomach. So, it sends down an efferent nerve, what kind of nerve? >> Going to make the effector organ do what? >> Dance. Oh, okay, dance, man, and do what? And do the contraction to digest this food. Is there a problem so far?
Okay, the feedback that happens now is of two types: there is negative feedback, and there is what? Positive feedback. What is the difference between negative feedback and positive feedback? Count with me, doctor. What do you think when I tell you the following? Listen to me now. If I have a gland, I have what? >> No, focus with us, forget about feedback completely. I have what? >> The gland releases what into the blood? >> Hormone. If the hormone in the blood increases too much, too much, too much, the hormone goes to the gland and tells it, "Enough, enough, enough." So, when the hormone's concentration was high, it went to the gland and told it, "Enough." So, the secretion itself decreased to return to normal. So, the normal level is here. If the hormone increases above normal, it goes and tells the gland, "Enough, I'm in excess." So, it lowers itself again. Meaning it was increased >> so it decreased. Are the two arrows together or opposite? It was increased, so it decreased. This is called negative feedback. Meaning these complex things, I have a certain hormone level here. Are you cold or what, young people? >> Right, turn off this fan. It keeps doing this. What's wrong, guys, with this fan? Okay, good morning, good morning. [Clapping] Enough now, it's not the mayor's wedding. Look here, who's talking? Honestly, it looks like you and he will be honored outside, waiting for me outside, God willing, to continue. I mean, the weather will drop because >> what? >> The weather is hot. >> Definitely, I'm hot because >> Okay, I'm doing this. You're the ones with it, I don't have it. You've taken the remotes, by God. >> Let me see, there it is, see where she's hiding it, see. [Laughter] Okay, fine, do what you want, do what you want. >> Come on, I want to explain. >> Come on, I want to explain. Are they hot or cold? I don't know. >> Leave the remote, leave the remote, and come on, I want to explain. Stop, stop, I'm wrong, right? I'm wrong. You guys don't deserve democracy anyway. What's wrong, Shaaban? Nothing, Shaaban. We're sorry, we're sorry, Uncle Shaaban. Okay, very much. [Laughter] >> By God, I myself was scared by his entrance. Come on, Omani. [Laughter] Come on, my dear. What do you think when I tell you, do you know what the written word means? Look at the action, guys, enough. The action, by God, I swear by God, what happened yesterday will not happen again. What happened, guys? >> Oh, ask them, they killed me, my son, by God. [Laughter] They kept hitting me until I died from them. >> I'm crawling, by God, not a sound. >> Come on, my dear, come on. Negative feedback. Do you know what negative feedback means? It means, look, a hormone was released, but it was released in an amount >> that was excessive. It goes to the gland to calm itself down a bit, telling the gland, "Slowly, slowly, it's increasing." It tells it, "Calm down a bit." It tells it what? So, the excess hormone goes down again to the normal level, or what? To the normal or natural level. Look here with me, the action of the control center. Who is the control center? The gland itself. Okay, this controls, doesn't it control the hormone level? Yes. What about it? It pulls back to the ideal state, meaning after it was excessive, it returns it to normal. Okay, let me tell you something, what if it was low? >> It increases it to normal. The important thing is, are the two arrows together or opposite? >> So, this is called negative feedback. This is called what? Negative.
Now, what do you think when I tell you, if there's an excess hormone, and the body increased it even more? What? >> What hormone? >> Excessive. What did the body do? >> Increased it even more. Does this happen in the body? Yes, especially during childbirth, or normal labor. The mother's uterus here has a hormone called oxytocin, the labor hormone. Do you hear about it? >> Oxytocin, let's stick to childbirth. She's pregnant, may God help her deliver safely. Okay, good, very good. And as she's giving birth, the baby comes down headfirst. I want you to imagine yourself. Remember what you were doing? It comes down what? It comes down what? >> Headfirst. So, it dilates the cervix. It dilates what? >> The cervix. >> When the cervix dilates, it sends a signal saying, "Yes, this is it." >> Just listen, yes, it actually says, "Yes, this is it." So, the body increases the labor hormone more and more. Do you know, my daughter, what "labor pain" means? It means uterine contraction. It means contraction of whom? >> The more the baby is pushed, the more the uterine contraction increases to push it more. What makes this baby push more? Uterine contraction. What causes contraction in the uterine wall? The hormone called oxytocin. This keeps increasing and increasing, and the contraction gets stronger, the baby comes down more and more. It comes down and dilates the cervix. The more the cervix dilates, the more the hormone increases, more and more, causing more contraction until what happens? Let's hear a ululation! It came down safely. Okay. Therefore, this is called positive feedback. The hormone was excessive, so we increased it. It increases the action of the control center to accelerate a certain action to be completed rapidly. That is you, when you were born. The example is what? Uterine contraction during childbirth, right?
Is there another example? What is it? The process of blood clotting. A clotting factor was activated >> and activated another. Or it was activated, so it activated another. 12, 11, 9, 10. Your grandfather, your father, you, and your cousin. 10 active, 5 active, calcium, phospholipid, prothrombin, thrombin, fibrinogen, fibrin. Let's hear a ululation! There's the clot. Does anyone not know this? >> No. >> You don't know? >> You don't know your grandfather, your father, you, and your cousin, other things? >> You didn't attend this at all.
Okay, I have a question. I mean, I just mean this was explained and reviewed as a periodic review. Oh, by God, there was a big periodic review session, the hall was full, we kept reviewing all this and people were patting each other on the back. Do you remember this? >> By God, my son, by God, yes, by God, my son, I will ask you only one question, or I will tell you only one piece of information. For me, I have explained and reviewed. You have one last chance in the crash course, last in every sense of the word. More procrastination than this, you will get hit hard in the head in the exam, you don't know the extent of its consequences. I said a word yesterday, and I will tell it to you again: The college has no objection to you failing. You haven't experienced failing before in your life, right? You haven't at all, right? The college has no problem with you failing, it's normal. Let me tell you that at least a third of those sitting in front of me will not pass. >> I'm not telling you it's just you, but this is what normally happens. You won't wake up until you find yourself hit the perfect blow, and it will leave a mark on you for your whole life. >> God forbid, my son, it will leave a very bad mark on you, and you will lose your batch and go down to a younger batch, younger than you. You don't even have a batch. Do you think you can just go with the batch below you? I wish, my brother, there was a system for you to even integrate with the batch below you. There's no such thing. You're stuck with a batch, and the kids are truly suffering, by God, I feel sorry for them, may God be with them all. Like courses alone, meaning you don't have MCQ exams, you only have written exams. So, you've been going all year wondering, "Who will I study with? Should I follow the old curriculum? The system changed. Am I with the old or the new?" Confusion upon confusion, only God knows. So, the matter is not good. It's your destiny, in the beginning and in the end, but you are a participant in it. So, please, if you would, I'm trying, man, I'm trying to cut into your skin like this, maybe you'll feel a little and pay attention. I'm trying to make you understand that the matter really happens. Okay, look, Sila, Muhammad, come on, Muhammad, come on, my dear, in the name of God, come on, are you ready? Let's talk about blood.
What does the word >> blood >> mean? Blood. Wait a minute, what is blood composed of? What is it? It's a liquid, its color is >> red >> red. By the way, blood is scarlet red, or light red, like this. And it's found in the artery. Where is it found? >> In the artery. What about the blood in the vein? Its color is red, but slightly bluish, called purplish-red, which is this. This is in the vein. Why is arterial blood bright red like that? Because it contains whom? >> Oxygen. What about the purplish-red blood, which is slightly bluish? It contains carbon dioxide. And this, our doctor, is found in venous what? In venous blood.
Now, a question. Yes. What is the normal blood volume? He said 8% of your body weight. So, if my body weight is 100 kg, I have 8 liters of blood. What if I'm a sympathetic person, my weight is, for example, 75-80 kg? How many liters of blood will I have? >> 5 liters of blood. Whatever it is, how much does blood equal in total? >> 8% of your body weight, right? Who disagrees and says no, we took it as 5%? >> The water in the blood is 5%, and the cells complete how much? >> 3%. So, the total is how much of your body weight? 8% of your body weight.
Now, I have a question. So, if I'm talking about approximately 5 liters in an adult male, how many liters for a female then? >> 4.5, less than a male. Okay, let me tell you, what is the pH of blood, Abu Jamal? >> 7.4. What is neutral? Seven. If it goes down, it's acidic, and if it goes up, it's alkaline, right? So, 7.4 is not neutral, but it's slightly what? Slightly alkaline. And what is it, young people? Slightly alkaline.
What are the functions of blood? >> Transport, a carrier. It carries what? >> Muhammad, that's enough. What are the functions of blood? >> A carrier, meaning it carries whom, young people? It carries, for example, gases between the cells and the lungs. For example, what does the lungs give the body? Oxygen. So, oxygen travels in the blood and reaches what? >> To the cells. Again, what do the lungs take from the air? Oxygen. To whom do they give the oxygen? >> To the blood. In short, who brings oxygen into my body? Look at me here. >> The lungs, right? How do the lungs give it to the cells then? The blood takes it from the lungs and gives it to the cells, right? >> Okay, listen to me. The cells breathe, right? They take oxygen and expel whom? The cells expel carbon dioxide, right? Okay, who expels carbon dioxide out of the body? The lungs. Who delivers carbon dioxide to the lungs? >> The blood. So, the blood is working, working as a transport carrier, moving gases between the lungs and the tissues.
Something else: Who brings nutrients from the digestive system and delivers them to the cells? >> The blood. Who takes waste products and delivers them to the kidneys? >> The blood. So, it's responsible for transporting nutritive substances from the digestive system to all the cells, right or wrong? Right.
The second function of blood is defensive, meaning it defends your body. Do you see the battle happening here? What happened, our great doctor? Do you hear about cells called white blood cells? >> The white army, or white blood cells. The immune or defensive cells that defend your body against any microbe, any microorganism, any foreign body. White blood cells go and attack it and defend your body.
Okay, continue, doctor. If there's a tumor or a growth, do you know, my son, that cancerous tumors are initially confronted by the immune system? But cancerous tumors are horrible and malignant, they can often overcome whom? >> The white blood cells, and they can grow. But the immune cells, or those that defend your body, do they fight the battle or not? They fight the battle, doctor. So, again, I have white blood cells that defend the body against any microorganism, any foreign body, any tumor or growth. Good.
Function number three, he said, is hemostatic function. And function number four is homeostatic, or homeostasis. What's the difference? Tell me, Muhammad, Muhammad, a doctor named Amr. >> I don't want him, I want the one behind him. Yes, my dear, what's the difference between hemostasis and homeostasis? The one on the cell, no, no, what again, homeo? >> He told me, the "homeo" below means maintaining the internal environment of the body. We just took it a moment ago. What about hemostasis? Stopping blood bleeding. Thank you, sir, thank you, sir. There's a difference between the two terms, by the way. This word "hemostasis," we took it in how many classes? In about four classes in blood. >> Anemia. >> Anemia, who's foolish? There's a type of anemia. >> The problem is he speaks with confidence. >> What's its name? >> What's its name? >> Fool, its name is hemolytic, fool, you fool, you idiot. [Laughter] You embarrassed us in front of foreigners. It's "ic" and that's it, anything goes with you, just fill it in. It happens, man, in the biggest families, don't worry about it, it happens. Focus with me now, because I'm telling you [Laughter] what's this? I'm telling you, in the exam, you confuse insulin and anions. You'll go in and kick it around, man. Focus with me, please, I beg you to focus a little. I can't imagine we're that far off, by the way. [Laughter] I'm not expecting this from you, young people. Okay, focus with me. Okay, my daughter, be quiet, leave me to what I'm doing.
So, hemostasis or hemostatic. The word "hemo" means blood, and "stasis" means stopping blood bleeding. This means prevention of blood loss. What does it mean? Prevention of blood loss. What about homeostasis? What does the word "homeostasis" mean? Homeostasis means the stability of the body's internal environment: stability of temperature, stability of pH, stability of ion concentration, and so on, and so on, and so on. Is there any problem you have so far? So, these are all the functions of blood. How many functions? >> Four. Count with me: Transport, number two, defends the body, defensive. Number three, stops bleeding, hemostasis. And finally, number four, homeostasis, the stability of the body's internal environment, such as stability of temperature, pH, ion concentration, and nutrient concentration. These are the functions of blood. Is there a problem with it? Is there a problem? No.
Next, please tell me, what is blood composed of? What is >> blood or blood composed of? I have here 2:30. >> How much time is left? Half an hour. We didn't pray Asr. >> Okay, can you give me fifteen minutes and we'll take a break? Exactly fifteen minutes and we'll go out. We'll all go out and take a break at a mosque here. >> My son, a mosque here in the center. >> Come on. >> Okay, come on. What is blood composed of? What is it composed of? >> Come on, with me. Blood is composed of, look with me, water or a liquid. The blood liquid, what is it called? >> Plasma. And cells, cellular components. Who is more abundant, doctor, the cells or the liquid? No, look, the liquid represents 55%. How much is the liquid? >> 55. >> Say with me, how much is the liquid? >> 55%. >> And how much are the cells? >> 45. >> 45%. Say with me again, what is blood composed of? What is it composed of? >> What is blood composed of? He said cells and liquid. The blood liquid is called what? >> The blood liquid is called what? Plasma. And how much percentage is the blood liquid? 55% of the blood. And how much are the cells? >> 45. >> 45%. Do you remember when I was explaining, I used to say I consider blood like a sea with fish in it? >> This water is what? >> Plasma. Okay, listen to me. Does it contain salts? >> Yes. Does it contain dissolved substances? Yes. And the fish are the cells, there are red, white, green, and what, and I don't know what, right or am I wrong? Right, doctor.
What are the types of blood cells? How many types of cells? Three types of cells. The first cell is called red blood corpuscles, red blood >> cells, or in Latin, erythrocyte. What does the word "cyte" mean? >> Cell. And what does "erythro" mean? Red. So, erythrocyte means red blood cells. Okay, listen to me. The second type is called white blood cells >> or I abbreviated it as WBCs, white blood cells. What kind of blood cells? >> White. The word "white" in Latin means leuco, so it's called leukocyte. What about platelets? They are called >> platelets. This word "platelet" forms a clot. It forms what? >> Okay, the word "clot" means thrombus in Latin, right? So, it's called thrombocyte. What's its name? >> So, how many types of cells are in the blood? >> Erythrocyte, leukocyte, thrombocyte. RBCs, WBCs, platelets. Is this difficult, sir? Is it difficult, doctor? Shall I tell you again? >> Say yes. >> May God bless you.
Okay, she told me red blood corpuscles, white blood cells, and I have platelets. And their Latin names are erythro, leuco, and thrombo. Erythro is red, leuco is white, thrombo forms a clot. And in the end, I add the word "cyte" because "cyte" means what? Cell. What color is the blood liquid? The liquid is >> yellow fluid. My son, if I separated, have you ever seen a plasma bag? If I separated a plasma bag aside like this, what color would it be? It would be yellow. It contains ions, it contains organic and inorganic compounds. Who's the prince? Remind me of the basic explanation and the periodic review. What's the difference between organic and inorganic? Tell me, sir. >> Organic is an organic substance that enters into catabolism and anabolism. What about inorganic? >> An inorganic substance that does not enter into catabolism or anabolism. My son, please, whoever hasn't heard this before, raise your hand. Whoever hasn't heard it at all, raise your hand. Okay, one. Okay, guys, one. Why are you not quiet then? Why are you quiet? Are these your grades here? What time have you been outside since? 7: >> I'll bring you, I'll bring you food, I'll bring you food, I'll bring you food during the break. Okay, go get Shaaban quickly now so he can prepare something for you quickly in five minutes. I'll bring you pastries, simple things like that. Okay. [Laughter] Oh, he wants kofta. He told me kofta, no more like yesterday. Okay, fine, come on, go get Shaaban, you're free, it's not my business. Look here with me, Shaaban. >> [Laughter] >> Again with me, please. So, come on, the substances dissolved in plasma are organic and inorganic substances. Okay, listen to me, we'll take the difference between them now, don't rush.
What do you think when I tell you the following? What do I tell you? What do I tell you? If I took a blood sample, here it is. Okay, I came to look, I will take this blood sample and put it in a device you've heard about before, a centrifuge device. Do you know it? >> Centrifugation device. When a liquid spins inside it, it separates the liquid according to the density of each cell, according to what? >> So, I'll find who are the heaviest cells down here? >> The RBCs. Okay, listen. And here, and here, I'll find whom? >> Oh, WBCs and platelets. And all the rest of this >> this is what? >> Plasma. >> Plasma. What do you think? I'll take the plasma alone and put it in a tube here. After a while, I'll find what there? >> A clot. >> A clot. Can I still call what remains plasma? >> No, it's called what? >> Serum. >> This is important for MCQs.
So, again, I will take a blood sample and put it in the centrifuge. >> With me, doctor? I will put it in the centrifuge, right? And it will spin very fast, separating the blood into its components. Who is the heaviest thing at the bottom? >> RBCs, doctor. Then whom? >> White blood cells and what? >> And who is the lightest thing at the top? Plasma. I will take the plasma from here, separate it, and put it in a tube alone. I'll leave it for a while and find a clot formed at the bottom. What was that clot formed from? From >> clotting factors. What are they called? >> Clotting factors. Okay, the remaining part of the plasma, do I call it plasma? No, this is plasma minus clotting factors, it's called serum. It's called what? >> Good. So, if I took plasma and put it in a tube, what would happen to it? >> It would clot, or coagulate, and leave behind a substance called what? Serum. So, serum is plasma minus fibrinogen, or plasma minus the plasma proteins that act as coagulation factors. Wait, who are the coagulation factors? >> Clotting factors. What kind of factors? With me, coagulation factors are what kind of factors? >> What kind of factors? Clotting factors, honorable doctor, what do they do in the end? What will clotting factors do? >> They will form a clot. Okay, wait. So, are the clotting factors present or not present anymore? >> They are not present anymore. They already formed the clot. So, what remains, I cannot call it plasma. Instead, I call it serum. What do I call it? Serum.
Okay, look with me, please. What are the remaining components of plasma? What is plasma composed of? Last thing before we take a break, huh? Most of the plasma, 90% of it, is water. 90% is what? >> Water. And there's 90% water, organic and inorganic. Organic substances are what? >> Organic. >> Organic. We used to say organic means it enters >> into catabolism >> and anabolism. Any organic substance means a substance that enters into catabolism and anabolism, like protein, it enters into catabolism and anabolism, I build and break down protein. Like fat, I build and break down fat. What about vitamins, enzymes? Do all these things enter into catabolism and anabolism? He said, "Yes, doctor." Yes, plasma proteins, amino acids, glucose, vitamins, enzymes, waste products, here are the products of metabolism: urea, uric acid, lipids themselves, phospholipids, lipoproteins, meaning lipid bound to protein. All these substances are substances that enter into their catabolism and anabolism. >> Yes. So, they are called what kind of substances? >> Organic. Okay, there are some gases dissolved in the blood, like oxygen and carbon dioxide, I won't talk about them now.
What else? Inorganic substances. What does an inorganic substance mean? A non- >> What does an inorganic substance mean? It does not enter into catabolism or >> or anabolism. Write on it, doctor, like salts or ions. Substances that do not enter into catabolism and anabolism. He said sodium chloride, bicarbonate, phosphate, sulfate. Do any salts enter into catabolism and anabolism? No, they are just salts. Here he says sodium. Who is sodium? It's the chief cation outside the cell or in the blood. The main positive ion outside the cell. >> Who, my son? Sodium. What about chloride and bicarbonate? They are more abundant outside in terms of negative or positive? >> Negative. Is there any problem so far? >> No, doctor. We'll take your question because we're going to pray. Let's take your question. Doctor, some patients come in, if they are burned, we give them plasma, right? >> Oh, of course. Do you know why we give burn patients plasma? >> Because the burn evaporates, it evaporates the water from the blood. >> Okay, are there diseases, for example, where we give them serum, or is serum useless if it has already lost its function? >> It's available, yes, it's available normally, depending on what the patient is lacking. I mean, let me tell you something, please listen to me. There's a patient, we took a disease called hemophilia, right? We took it, by God, we took it and reviewed it too. Let me tell you, in hemophilia, the patient is lacking a factor. I just give him his factor. I mean, my son, a patient who has a blood problem or blood diseases, I compensate this patient with only what he needs. If he needs plasma alone, I give it to him. If he needs RBCs only, I give it to him. If he needs platelets, I give it to him. I separate the blood components into all these components and give the patient only what he needs. Some patients need a whole bag of blood, I also give it to him normally. Okay, good. Come on, let's catch Asr prayer and come back again, young people. 20 minutes and I'll start. Shaaban, Shaaban, get them pastries. >> We return. >> No. [Laughter] >> We return. >> No. >> And he, are you resisting starting? Let's retrace our steps and begin in the name of God Almighty. Please, if you would, we are talking about plasma. About whom, young people? >> About plasma.
There are proteins, sir, there are proteins present within the plasma. If there's a protein inside the plasma, it's called plasma >> protein. What is it called, young people? Plasma protein. There is more than one type. Look with me, the first type is called albumin. What is the first type called? >> Albumin. But it's puzzling. >> Whoever hears this phrase for the first time, raise your hand. Small but puzzling. >> You all heard it, unfortunately. Good. Why is the small albumin called the white protein? Its size is very small, but, honorable doctor, why is it puzzling? It is the highest in terms of concentration. Okay, young people, please, it is the highest in terms of what? Concentration. Good. Okay, look, my son, its molecular weight is 69,000, smaller than all of these. This is 90,000, and this is 3,400, but this is small, yet its concentration is how much? The highest among them. I'm not asking you to memorize numbers, but know that it is the highest in terms of what? >> The highest in terms of what? In terms of concentration. Okay.
The second type is called globulin. And globulin means the protein >> spherical >> spherical protein, young people >> spherical >> a sphere like this. This spherical protein, by the way, I mean, to be more precise, I'll call them globulins. Does anyone know why? There are >> alpha and beta >> and gamma globulins. Meaning more than one type. Meaning more than one type. Good.
What's the other one? A fibrous protein. What kind of protein? >> Fibrous. >> It's like threads in the blood, called fibrinogen. What is it called? >> Fibrinogen. >> And you all know what fibrinogen does. >> It forms a clot. It precipitates as fibrin threads and forms a >> clot or a thrombus. Is this difficult, my son? Good.
Is there another one? >> May God bless you, by God, smart people. There's another one called >> prothrombin. Does anyone remember it? >> What does "in" mean? >> Protein, you clever one. What does "in" mean in protein? >> Protein. And what does "pro" mean? >> Before. And what does "thromb" mean? >> Clot. So, this is a pre-clotting protein. What does it do? It forms a clot. Do you remember prothrombin converts to >> thrombin, right? How does this convert? >> Oh, your grandfather, your father, you, and your cousin. >> Who are these, doctor? I'll set you on fire if you don't tell me. >> Are you surprised? Is this the first time you hear this? So, you knew it before, right? Okay, very good. This, my son, we will take it, God willing, in the clotting process. The important thing is that prothrombin is a pre-clotting protein. What I want you to know is that it will cause clotting, and clotting means what? >> Clotting. So, again, please, how many types of plasma proteins do I have? >> Four types. So, albumin, globulin, prothrombin, and fibrinogen. Good. What about albumin? Small but puzzling. >> It is the smallest in size, but the highest in concentration. Good. Globulins, what does the word "globulins" mean? >> A protein, what? >> Spherical. Okay, after that, fibrinogen is a protein >> fibrous. Do you know, my son, these are threads circulating in the blood. What kind of threads? >> Okay, what do they do to the viscosity of plasma? They increase the viscosity a little. Something else, when they form a clot, they precipitate as a network of fibrin threads and form the clot. Okay, there is a protein that helps in clotting, my dears, called pro >> thrombin. What is it called? >> Prothrombin. What does the word "prothrombin" mean? A pre-clotting protein. May God bless you.
And from here, my dear friend, please, if you would, let's talk about where plasma proteins are manufactured. Plasma proteins, or most plasma proteins, are manufactured in an organ called the liver. Who, young people? >> Who is this, my dear? >> This is the liver. By the way, the liver, in MCQs, manufactures, I deal with it like this, take it. [Laughter] The liver manufactures all types of plasma proteins except for one type. Take your time. Again, again, again, except for one type. Let me tell you, my son, globulins, look, it's written here, globulins. Do you know how many types these are? One, two, three: alpha >> and beta >> and gamma globulins. Does anyone know who gamma globulins are? They are immunoglobulins, or anti- >> bodies. Do you hear about something called antibodies? Antibodies, immunoglobulins, or antibodies, are what circulate in the blood so that if they see any foreign body, bacteria, virus, what do they do? They sting it. What do they do? They come down and hit it and sting it. So, wait a minute, since these are gamma globulins, who manufactures them? He said, "Definitely immune cells." These immune cells are called plasma >> cells, part of the lymphoid or immune tissue. So, again, any type of plasma protein, who manufactures it, without thinking? >> The liver. In MCQs, it will write "except," meaning except whom? Gamma globulin. Who manufactures gamma globulin, young people? Plasma cells. This is part of the immune cells or lymphoid tissue. What kind of tissue? Lymphoid tissue. Is there any problem so far?
Look, my son, pay attention to something. 50% of globulins are in the liver. Who are they? Alpha and beta. What about the rest, doctor? Who is it? Gamma is manufactured by plasma cells in the lymphoid tissue. Is this difficult, doctor? >> How does an MCQ question come here? "All of the following plasma proteins are manufactured in the liver except..." >> All of the following plasma proteins are manufactured in the liver except whom? It's except gamma globulin, or it might write "immunoglobulins," or it might write "antibodies." They are manufactured by cells called >> plasma cells, part of the lymphoid tissue, or what kind of tissue? >> Or what kind of tissue? Say with me, or lymphoid tissue. Is there any problem so far?
After that, honorable doctor, I have something called the albumin-globulin ratio. What is it called? >> Albumin-globulin ratio. We, honorable doctor, will take albumin and divide it by whom? >> By globulin. And this is a ratio that has a number in the normal or natural range. The normal ratio for albumin-globulin ratio, or what I call the A/G ratio, what is it called? >> How much is the normal ratio? From 1.2 to 1. This number is to be memorized like your name. It comes in MCQs. From how much to how much? >> 1.2 to 1. And how much? >> From 1.2 to 1. And how much? To 1.
What do you think? Listen to me. We said before, you, sitting in the emergency room in your first months of internship, suddenly found a patient coming in with lab results in his hand, and you're sitting in your lab coat, saying, "Oh God, don't let him see me." He comes to you, "Doctor, read these results for me." Of course, you're a watermelon. You turn out to be a watermelon, my son. Life then teaches you for real. The real learning is in practice, in the hospital. But, doctor, does that mean studying is useless? No, because who becomes a brilliant doctor and who becomes a "kofta" guy? There are many "kofta" guys. You "kofta" guys are many. I mean, he's sitting in the emergency room, holding a kofta sandwich, eating it. He'll look very unprofessional next to his colleague who knows how to deal with things, while you don't. What's the moral of the story? The basic science or knowledge you have built is the foundation upon which you will build a good doctor who fears God in dealing with patients. Okay, and pay attention to something, the matter is bigger than you imagine.
Do you know, honorable doctor, if I don't study well and neglect, and it was in my hand to study in my specialty, I'm not just talking about college, but college and after college, and I went and opened a clinic and treated patients incorrectly or out of ignorance, all my money and my children's food would be haram. >> Can you imagine how big the matter is? The matter, as much as it can lead you to heaven, it can also lead you to hell. >> God is great. >> Can you imagine? Therefore, I come back and tell you, the basic science things we study are what will determine how much you will understand or be knowledgeable later, or if you will be a "kofta" person, and there are many of those, by the way.
Now, you're talking about something called what? A/G ratio. Think with me out loud: the ratio between albumin and >> globulins. What is the normal range for this ratio? From 1.2 to 1. >> This is the normal range, this is natural, from 1.2 to 1. If a patient comes to you, and you look at the A/G ratio and find it less than 1.2, meaning this ratio, in total, what happened to it? >> It decreased. >> Who was asked? >> Stand up, Omar, Amr. >> No. >> Amr. This ratio decreases in two cases, mathematically: if what happened in the numerator and if what happened in the denominator? >> I can just say the reasons. >> No, speak here. Say, doctor, that is, if it decreased, or albumin >> Thank you. Do you know what your colleague told me? >> She told me, "Doctor, this ratio, the result decreases if the numerator decreases or if the denominator increases." This is not physiology. >> It's a mathematical operation. >> This is not physiology, these are calculations, my son, so it's useless. >> So, focus with me. No, put your hand down. What do you want? >> Doctor, what if someone has anemia, so both are low? >> I'm asking you now, the ratio decreased, right? Don't go outside your curriculum now. >> You're strange kids. Again, I'm telling you, what happened to the ratio as a whole? >> What happened to the ratio, my son? It decreased. When does this happen? If the numerator decreases or if it increases >> or if the denominator increases. Look here with me. If I'm talking about this organ, what is this organ? >> What is this organ? Say with me, the liver, doctor. Listen to me. If this liver, unfortunately, is damaged, there's a problem in the liver, meaning there's liver disease. There's what? >> Okay, if this liver is damaged, will it be able to manufacture >> the plasma protein substances? >> Okay, just listen to me. So, what will happen to the numerator, or albumin? >> It will decrease. Someone with a turtle IQ like Amr will tell me, "Doctor, but the denominator will also decrease." I'll tell you, but it won't decrease much. >> Why? Because there are globulins manufactured by healthy plasma cells here. So, doctor, the denominator didn't decrease much, but the numerator decreased significantly. So, what happens to the overall ratio? >> It decreases. The liver, if there's liver disease, what are liver diseases? He said liver hepatitis, meaning inflammation of the liver, or liver cirrhosis, meaning liver fibrosis. Again, what does liver hepatitis mean? >> Inflammation of the liver. What does liver cirrhosis mean? Liver fibrosis. If
There was in the liver an inflammation or fibrosis, so this will give you, Your Excellency the esteemed doctor, the length of the liver, that the liver is finished. Will it be able to produce plasma protein? Especially, who is most affected now? >> Albumin. So the denominator remains as it is or decreases slightly, but who will decrease a lot, a lot, a lot? >> The numerator. So the ratio as a whole decreases. So you will tell this patient, as soon as you take his analyses and find the A/G ratio low, you will tell him, "Uncle, you have a problem in the liver, or in the kidney, or you have an infection." And he most likely has one of these three. And he will say, "Subhan Allah, doctor, continue, doctor." And be careful, the Arab patient, I won't say Egyptian, the Arab generally, he comes to you challenging you. You find him dripping information. "Uncle, what are you complaining of?" He says, "Aren't you the doctor? Don't you know?" "By God, it happens." And you find him hiding information from you. He is testing you. >> "So, uncle, you didn't tell me, I won't know. How will I know the information I have?" Do you understand? It's good. Therefore, you will find it hilarious when you take the history from the patients later. So he has a problem in the liver, right? Or what do you think? Renal disease. There is what? >> What does the word "renal" mean? >> The kidney has a problem. Wait. Do you remember, young people, when I was explaining in the basic explanation, I told you that I deal with the kidney as if it were a sieve. May God open your way, prince. As if it were the sieve of the body. As if it were what? >> So if the kidney is damaged, struck? >> Who do you expect? >> The small one. >> Whose size is called what? The smallest one of them, sir? The heart? The lung, my son, is like a sieve that traps waste and expels it out of the body in urine. Do you have an objection? I'll object and see what I'll do. Therefore, the openings of this sieve distribute who? The smallest one precipitates and exits quickly in the urine. >> Albumin. So if there is a problem in the kidney, I will tell you, doctor, albumin is lost in the urine. It is lost in the urine, right? Because of what? Small molecular size. It is small. >> So the numerator here, what happens to it? >> It decreases. So the ratio as a whole? >> It will decrease. The third reason, if an infection occurs. What does the word "infection" mean? >> Infection. Wait. In cases of infection, does the immune system act or not? So it releases what? Antibodies or immune bodies. These immune bodies are released wanting to fight this infection or bacteria, yes or no? >> Yes. So what are antibodies? >> Gamma globulin. So what happens to the denominator? >> It increases. Listen, in infection, the production of immunoglobulins, which are for me, gamma >> globulins, increases. And if gamma globulins increase, meaning the denominator increases, then the ratio as a whole decreases. So the A/G ratio, I have a diagram in the handout, it summarizes everything. The A/G ratio, if there is a problem in the liver, I find what? >> Albumin decreases significantly, so the ratio decreases. >> Or there is a problem in the kidney, so albumin is lost in the urine, so the numerator decreases, meaning the ratio decreases. Or there is a problem or infection, the denominator increases, meaning the ratio decreases. The diagram here summarizes the three types above. The A/G ratio. Tell me, my daughter, what is the normal range from one to what? One and what? One to two to one point six. One to two to one point six. Is there any problem so far? This topic is called the A/G ratio, by the way. It is very important in the exam. >> Very important in the exam. Okay. I'm telling you, we are talking about a title called what? >> Plasma proteins. Plasma what? >> This is among the very important theoretical questions, by the way. We have already talked about the function of plasma proteins. I have gathered them all on one page in the handout. I have gathered them all in what? >> What are the functions of plasma proteins? There are many functions, of course. I have written here in the handout in a different order than the one you have in the regular handout. Does it make a difference? >> The most important thing is to write all the information. What do you think if I tell you that I can use plasma protein as a source of amino acids? As a source of what? >> Doctor, why did you change the structure? This is a theoretical question, so I want you to write the main headings correctly. We said source of amino acids. >> Then buffer. Then blood clotting. Then function. A, B, C. The written part. And you think about the written part. I won't memorize it for you. In the written exam, my son, you sit there. I tell you something. I hold it for you. Those who have tried the written exam, right? There are people who have tried the written exam sitting with me here. >> Yes. May God grant them success. Where was their mistake, my dear? That they entered. >> What? >> What? [Laughter] What are you saying? >> By God, I don't know. It's not you, man. [Laughter] Man, I, man, I. Listen, the written part. The problem with the written part is what? >> The written part. The problem is that, for example, this question has eight main headings, for example. If you write five, you lose three marks. So look at the main heading and see the text below it. But if you don't write the main heading at all, you will lose marks. So in theoretical or written courses, you will find that when I explain the written course, God willing, or the final written course at the end of the semester, you will find that we do what? We explain how to memorize questions. So from now on, we kill two birds with one stone. You understand what I'm doing. Okay, look at me now. Please. What are the functions of plasma proteins? First, they are a source of amino acids. What do you think if I tell you, here is a muscle. The proteins of this muscle are damaged. So this muscle, doctor, needs some protein to synthesize it, right? To synthesize protein, the muscle needs what? Amino acids. So where will it get them from? It can't find them. So who will act, my dear beloved? >> The liver. The liver looks at what? >> The liver looks at what? At the blood. It finds that the blood contains some plasma proteins, right or wrong? These are ready-made proteins, right or wrong? So the liver takes the plasma proteins from the blood. It breaks down the plasma proteins. Look here, my daughter. And when it breaks down plasma proteins, what comes out of them? Tell me. >> Amino acids. >> May God open your way, Lord. Amino acids. Who takes the amino acids? >> The muscle. So it synthesizes protein and returns to its normal state. Is there any problem so far? >> Someone will say, "Excuse me, what about the plasma and the protein that the liver took from the blood? Does the liver synthesize it again later?" There is no problem at all. So why didn't the liver give it to the muscle? The muscle is in a hurry. The muscle is what? >> It won't wait for the liver to synthesize it. So what does the muscle do, my dear friend? >> It takes the amino >> Yes, it takes the amino acids. So now, Your Excellency the esteemed doctor, plasma protein is considered a source of amino acids, Your Excellency the esteemed doctor, for the tissue. Which tissue needs it now? >> The muscle. For rapid replacement. If the muscle wants to replace it with amino acids, if the muscle loses a part of its protein and is damaged, it wants to rebuild itself. What should it do? >> Who gives it? The liver. Where does it get amino acids from? From the breakdown of plasma proteins that are present where? That are present in the blood. Is this difficult? No. Among the other functions of plasma proteins, our great doctor, he said it has a buffer function. And I told you in the explanation, plasma protein has how many faces? >> May God open all your ways. Plasma protein has two faces. A face in red, do you remember? >> And a face that was in what color? >> Blue. Here is the basic explanation for those who attended. Come on, please. So plasma protein has how many faces, doctor? Plasma protein has how many faces? Two faces. A face in red, a face in blue. An acidic face and an alkaline face. Do you follow me? So again, plasma protein has how many faces? Again, plasma protein has how many faces? Two faces. A red face and a blue face. An acidic face and an alkaline face. What is the pH of my body? Does anyone know? >> Seven and what? >> 7.4. If you, my son, sit on a bucket of lemons and eat all those lemons, the acidity in your blood increases, right? >> Do you know what happens? Acidity. What neutralizes it? Excess acidity or alkalinity? >> Alkalinity. >> Alkalinity. So you find plasma protein presenting its alkaline face to the blood to neutralize the acidity. >> But if you eat things that want what? They want your sister. >> No. >> What? Are you in the first year or the second year? >> First year. >> You are in the first year and your sister is in the second year, right? Yes. Okay, my family. Okay. One got confused. By God, I swear. Then someone teaches his siblings to write "first year" on it and understand. Okay. Come forward. Come forward. Pass. >> In >> In places. In places. Come forward. Look at me. So plasma protein has how many faces, sir? >> Say with me. Plasma protein has how many faces? >> Two faces. An acidic face and what? >> An acidic face and what? An alkaline face. Look at me, my dear beloved. Focus with me. You must know that the blood has a buffer system. By the way, plasma protein alone represents 15% of the strength of this buffer system. It represents how much? >> 15%. >> 15% of the strength of this buffer system. This is not a small number. This is a good number. So how does plasma protein do this? It has how many faces? >> If the blood's acidity increases, it presents its alkalinity. And if the blood's alkalinity increases, it presents its acidity. Opposite, right? To balance each other, maintaining the pH at a constant level of what? >> 7.4. What is missing is to tell you the following. I'm telling you, our great doctor. Yes. Listen. You must understand the following. The acidic part is called protonic acid, and the alkaline part is called sodium proteinate. Again, what is this red part called? >> By God, it came in the MCQ before. What is this red part called? >> Protonic acid. Acid, acid, acid. It is called protonic what? >> Acid. And the blue part is called sodium proteinate. The goal is to maintain and preserve the pH at what? >> At what? At 7.4. How many functions have we covered? Two. The third function, I will tell you, plasma protein helps in blood clotting. There was a protein we took in plasma protein called fibrous protein, called what? >> Fibrous protein. It was called what? Fibrinogen. And there was another protein called prothrombin, the pre-clotting protein, my son. Fibrinogen and all the clotting factors. I'll tell you something. Who attended the two lectures on clotting, or the very big global clotting lecture? We used to say 12, 11. >> Do you know that most of the coagulation factors or most of the clotting factors, doctor, are plasma proteins? So who causes blood clotting? >> Plasma protein. Plasma what? >> Protein. >> Because it contains fibrinogen, which is a fibrous protein that turns into fibrin and forms the clot in front of you, right or wrong? Good. And we also need clotting factors called clotting factors. I'll tell you something. The fourth function, focus with me, please. Okay. The fourth function, I will tell you, it has a role. What is this in front of you? A blood capillary or a capillary. A blood capillary or what? Or a capillary. Let's draw it like this. Here is a blood capillary. It has openings, right? Are these openings naturally present or not? Am I right, my son? Capillaries are perforated. Does anyone know why, my son? Isn't it at these capillaries that the second exchange happens? >> What? What did you learn today a little while ago, before the break? Did you remove the break from the map, you idiot? Didn't we say that we have a first exchange at the cell membrane level and a second exchange at the blood capillary level? >> Yes. Yes. Yes, doctor. Yes. Yes. Good. Therefore, for this exchange to happen, I must tell you, my esteemed doctor, that the capillary is perforated. It has pores or openings. It has what? >> Pores or openings. >> What do you think if I draw the H and tell you, Your Excellency the esteemed doctor, that between the openings, plasma protein lies inside to narrow them a little. Here is an MCQ question that came about two years ago, as I recall. Okay. These openings, when they narrow, or when they narrow due to plasma protein, do you know what we wrote? Partial blockage of capillary pores. Translate it: plasma protein partially blocks the pores. Partially what? >> It blocks them partially to do what to permeability? When it narrows them, is the permeability high or low? >> What does permeability mean in the first place? The doctor, the question in the exam. The question in the exam was asking what plasma protein does to permeability. Increases, decreases, or remains constant? The answer was either "increases" or "decreases." The permeability, our great doctor, decreases. Very good. Therefore, if a patient has a problem in plasma protein synthesis, a child has a problem in synthesis. >> Good. Plasma protein, our great doctor, is not present. So the openings have nothing to block them. >> So the openings become what? Wide. So permeability increases, unfortunately. >> Increases. This is in cases of what? If there is a problem in the synthesis of what? Plasma protein. How many functions have we covered so far? >> Three. How? First, what did we cover? >> First, source of amino acids. Then buffer. Then blood clotting. Then what? Capillary function. How many functions have we covered? >> Four functions. How many are left? Four more like them. Don't look at the paper you have. How many are left? >> Four more like them. Good. The fifth function, Your Excellency the esteemed doctor, I will tell you the following. Come on, sir. Defense function. Plasma protein defends me. Yes. Did you forget that there are antibodies? What are antibodies? Gamma globulins, which are a type of globulin. Again, what are antibodies called? Antibodies, yes. Immune bodies, yes. Immunoglobulins, no problem. They are immune bodies. Who synthesizes them? >> Plasma cells. What are plasma cells? >> A type of immune cell found in a tissue called lymph. Called what? >> Aren't you focused? What's wrong with you? Finish this question, and we'll settle it later. Okay. Continue. I know you. >> No, it's finished. >> By God, you'll see. You'll see for yourself now. Just focus. I have mechanisms. I swear. Ask the high-level ones. See what I do. >> No, don't electrocute me. But I will wake you up with it. Say with me. How do plasma proteins? Holding the phone. How do plasma proteins defend my body? >> Doctor, may God open your way. Gamma globulins, which are antibodies or immunoglobulins. Immune bodies. They are released if, for example, what is in front of you is bacteria or a foreign body. Just, my son. It is what? Bacteria. It is what? Bacteria. Bacteria. Bacteria and foreign bodies. These antibodies will bind to them and strike them. What will they do to them? They defend your body. So is this a defensive function or not? >> So antibodies against any microorganism or any toxin trying to attack the body. The antibodies attack it, Your Excellency the esteemed doctor. These are called immunoglobulins, antibodies, or gamma globulins. The next function, number six. Transport and conservation of some substances. By the way, there are substances in the blood that I am afraid of, like hormones, like important vitamins. >> I'm telling you, man. Do you remember vitamin B12? >> When it entered the blood, it said, "Is there anyone ready to bind?" Right or wrong? It was carried by transcobalamin in the blood. >> In the blood? You idiot. >> In the blood. After it leaves and jumps, it goes to the blood alone. It was carried by whom? >> It binds to one person. >> Called transcobalamin. >> Yes. Carrying vitamin B12 in the blood is called transcobalamin. Shame on you. >> No, you don't convince me. Wait a minute. You don't convince me that the smart one studies biochemistry only. What does it mean, guys? Or are you hiding? Are you the type who hides? And the words are from the plate. I agree. From envy. >> You specifically, you've been talking nonsense since you sat down. [Laughter] I wish you would be quiet. The problem is that he objects with all boldness. You are wrong, doctor. Good. So I have in the blood, by the way, to speak seriously. Vitamins that I am afraid of. Hormones, doctor, that I am afraid of. Even some minerals, I am afraid of. Like iron, for example. Can iron be left alone? >> My sadness. If it is left alone, it is toxic. Iron, if left alone, is toxic. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. 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It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. It will oxidize the body. 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Its color is what? Red. Its name is hemoglobin, right, or am I wrong? Right, doctor. And therefore, and therefore, and therefore, the structure of RBCs is concave on both sides, biconcave. What does it look like? It looks like this, concave on this side and this side. And its membrane is plastic. What does the word plastic mean? It means a flexible membrane. What kind of membrane? Flexible. Pay attention, are blood capillaries wide or very narrow? Blood capillaries are as narrow as possible. So we found, my son, we found that as RBCs move inside the blood capillaries, they squeeze themselves. What if their membrane wasn't flexible? It would burst and die. Does this happen normally? No, it doesn't happen normally because the RBC membrane is flexible and has plastic properties. Something is perfect. What will I benefit from the RBC being biconcave like this? Listen, my son. Surface area. Do you know what? If I took it and flattened it. I want the RBCs. God willed that we have 5 million RBCs per cubic millimeter of blood. And at the same time, we want its cell membrane to be large so that a lot of gas exchange can occur through it. How do we do that? Instead of the cells being like this, they must be like this to take up less space. And at the same time, its cell membrane should be what? Biconcave, meaning concave on both sides, meaning a larger surface area. Glory be to the Creator. Therefore, the fact that it is biconcave like this allows it to have more surface area. Is this better? And it will be rounder. Better? No, this is better. Good. Is it flexible? Yes, it has flexibility. This allows it to squeeze into capillaries. It squeezes itself as it moves through the blood capillaries. It stretches, it doesn't burst. Without rupture. Something else, the fact that it is in this shape, imagine if you increased the tension inside it, increased certain substances inside it. So they said its internal tension will not increase. Why? Instead of being like this, my friend, it will be like this. Has the tension increased? No, I just pushed this outward and this outward. But if it were a sphere and you increased the substances inside, the tension would increase suddenly. When, when does the tension inside the RBC increase? When there is carbon dioxide inside the RBC. When there is what inside it? Carbon dioxide. Where is carbon dioxide found in RBCs? In arterial or venous blood? Venous blood. Good. What happens then? Minimal tension on its membrane when its volume increases. Where? In venous blood due to the presence of what inside it? Carbon dioxide. We said that this RBC has a nucleus inside it. No. No nucleus. It does not contain a nucleus. No mitochondria. It does not contain mitochondria. No ribosomes. It does not contain. What is this? What is inside it? A cell membrane filled from the inside with a red pigment called hemoglobin, responsible for transporting what? Transporting oxygen. The pigment is called hemoglobin. The RBC, by the way, contains three or four things. First, hemoglobin. It contains potassium. It contains an enzyme we will take at the end of this module this year called carbonic anhydrase, which is very important for transporting carbon dioxide. So, RBCs contain hemoglobin, some potassium, and enzymes. But the normal cell components like the nucleus, ribosomes, mitochondria, and organelles, are they present or not present? Not present. Or not present? Not present. So, I emptied it from the inside to fill it with hemoglobin, its pigment. What is the count or number of RBCs? The count or number of RBCs, if I'm talking about me as an adult male, I tell you 5 to 5.5. No, memorize it in my style. 5.4. And the female? Flip it. 4.5. From 5. If I'm talking about a newborn baby, it's increased. Who can tell me why? The newborn baby, while in its mother's womb, was it breathing with its lungs? No. No. The fetus gets oxygen from the mother through the placenta and the umbilical cord. Through the umbilical cord, doctor. And therefore, and therefore, does it get enough, or does it always have a lack of oxygen? Lack of oxygen. Lack of oxygen is called what? Hypoxia. And know this, and this will be researched tomorrow, God willing, that lack of oxygen or hypoxia does what to the number of RBCs? It increases. So the baby is born with increased RBCs. Increased. Right, or am I wrong? Good. So, tell me, what about after it grows a little? It no longer suffers from hypoxia, or the lungs are working? The lungs are working. So the RBCs in it started to decrease again to normal. This is an introduction. An introduction to what? An introduction to RBCs. We will take a few more small things so I can tell you the following: As long as you object, as long as I continue. Yes, by God. Therefore, [laughter] This kid said, All support. All support. Yes, support yourself. Well, my son, no one needs support more than you. At least I will tell you something. My friend, I finished you and finished my day. I will record some things for you at night and that's it. You, I will sit on the bed like this, stretching my legs, nothing behind me, right? Study, honestly. So, yes, you must study. Exam, doctor. No, there's a saying. Let me tell you something. By God, it's not out of idealism. I am the one who hates studying the most. I am beaten, beaten, beaten. We all understood. But at least don't let your day pass without reading for an hour a day. An hour. Let me tell you something. Listen to me, my friend. Listen to me, my friend. This is the minimum until you die. The day you stop reading and studying anything in your specialty or field, consider yourself failing over time. Little and continuous or connected is better than much and interrupted. Don't come to me and sit for a whole day with a book and then be exhausted for the rest of the week. Wrong. I don't want that. I don't want that. You understand, my friend? I'm talking about myself. Year. Yes. Yes. But for you, it's better. In exams, but some people are doing now. For example, someone now will go and find his leg hurts. He will stretch it on the bed, holding his phone, and scroll for four or five hours. It's 12 o'clock at night, he will sleep. He will wake up at 7 AM and go to the bio. Okay. Listen to me for just one thing. Do that, or should I go rest, eat, pray, and then push myself? Always, one of us, honestly, is just a push away from the end of the fatigue. You, I am truly sorry for you and I know that from 7 AM you have been stuffing information into your head. I understand. But as soon as you go, take a beautiful shower, eat a bite, pray two rak'ahs. Sit. Actually, you haven't reached your limit yet. With your permission, with your permission. You haven't reached your limit yet. You still have about two or three hours before you completely shut down, right? Don't waste them scrolling. In those two hours, if you sit at least just reading, I'm not asking you to solve anything in bio. The alternative is that you will scroll and make an excuse for yourself that you are tired all day, so you go to sleep and waste those three hours. No, my friend, push yourself that little bit. Finish it well. It's only 15 days and you will rest in a better module. No, I mean, honestly, you are in a position to use that time. So push yourself that little bit. Always. Do you understand what I mean? Let's get back to our subject. Oh God, I have delivered. You are free to do what you want. Let's go back to our subject. Okay, my daughter. Let's go back to our subject. We said that the RBC is filled from the inside with a pigment called what? Hemoglobin. What about hemoglobin? Look, it's red. It carries oxygen. It's a pigment inside the RBC. Inside what? What is its amount or content, our great doctor? There is something called hemoglobin content, meaning its quantity in every 100 ml of blood. I have this, it's memorized by heart. A doctor cannot not know this. A doctor cannot not know this. For me, as an adult male, normal hemoglobin is 16. And for females, 13 to 14 grams per deciliter. Do you know what deciliter means? 100 ml of blood. So, if I take 100 ml of blood, I will find in me, as a man, 15 to 16 grams per deciliter of hemoglobin. For females, 13 to 14. For a newborn baby, 19. Why? Because it has increased RBCs. Because it suffered from intrauterine hypoxia, as we discussed. Is this difficult, my son? No, it's not difficult. Listen to me. Who has more RBCs, a man or a woman? There is something called hematocrit value, meaning the percentage of RBCs relative to the total blood volume. Again, the percentage of RBCs relative to the total blood volume. Who has more RBCs? I find that a man has, for example, 46% of the blood as RBCs, and a female has 42%. This indicates that a man has more RBCs than a woman. What is hemoglobin made of? Come, let's draw it together. Do you remember its drawings? Do you remember or not? Do you remember, doctor? Look, here is an iron atom, and here is an iron atom. Are you talking? No, by God. Talk, my friend. My daughter, it's over. I have a ring, and a ring, a ring, and a ring, and a ring. Inside each of these rings, there is a divalent iron atom. A divalent iron atom. A divalent iron atom. A divalent iron atom. Each ring has a polypeptide chain. Here's one, here's the second, here's the third, here's the fourth. What is this drawing in front of you, doctor? This is one molecule of hemoglobin only. It consists of four rings. Do you know what each ring is called? It's called protoporphyrin. What is it called? Protoporphyrin. And the iron in the middle? They said it's Fe +2. And the ring outside? They said it's a polypeptide chain. What is it? Polypeptide chain. So, again, hemoglobin consists of four rings. Each ring is called what? Protoporphyrin. In the center of each ring, in the center of each ring, there is a divalent iron atom. Then around them, a polypeptide chain. How many types of this polypeptide chain? Two types, for example. This is alpha, and this is alpha, and this is beta, and this is beta. Does anyone know how many types of hemoglobin I have? What? There is something called adult hemoglobin, A1 and what? A1. And hemoglobin? A2. Do you remember what A1 was different in? Alpha, alpha, beta, beta. This is normal for me, what percentage? 99.8%. And A2? Alpha, alpha, delta, delta. As if you don't see it. This is 1%. Does it have a purpose? Does it have a purpose? No. What's next? Hemoglobin F. What does hemoglobin F mean? That is, in fetuses. What does fetus mean? In the womb. Listen. They said alpha, alpha, gamma, gamma. Why did this happen? Why did hemoglobin F have this structure, alpha, alpha, gamma, gamma? Why? Can anyone tell me, in short? Yes, yes. God bless you. She told me, doctor, the mother's blood and the fetus's blood. What makes oxygen leave the mother's blood and go to the fetus's blood? So, the blood composition must be the same or different? Different. The fetus's hemoglobin is alpha, alpha, gamma, gamma, and the mother's is alpha, alpha, beta, beta. Is the mother adult or not adult? Adult. Adult. So this is the mother, and this is the fetus. It loves oxygen more. It is written in our handout that it has a higher affinity for oxygen. So it takes oxygen from the mother's blood, despite the mother's blood. When this baby is born safely, over time, hemoglobin F will convert to adult hemoglobin A. Normally. But as long as it is a fetus, its hemoglobin is hemoglobin F. To take oxygen from the maternal blood. What does maternal blood mean? From the blood of whom? From the mother's blood. Is there any problem or difficulty you have so far? Is this difficult, my son? No, it's not difficult. One second. I'll take a picture. It's not an example in your basic explanation. Male, the world. Take a picture, my friend. We need from the doctor. Length. What? Safety upon you and him. Good. The ground is full of water. Safety also. [Laughter] Chemical reactions of hemoglobin. No one noticed. Be quiet. What are the chemical reactions of hemoglobin? No one noticed. Come on, just come on. Fear God. Fear God. Fear God. You are cheerful. [Laughter] I didn't betray anyone. This half page only. This half page, my friend. This half page only. Chemical reactions of hemoglobin. What are the chemical reactions of hemoglobin? Okay, with your permission. With your permission. Come on, my friend. First, hemoglobin can bind to oxygen. Does anyone know the structure of hemoglobin? Four rings with divalent iron inside. Do you know Fe +2? That's what binds to oxygen. Does iron oxidize when it binds to oxygen? Oxidize? Oxidize? Oxidation? No. Instead, it's called oxygenation. Oxygenation, not oxidation. Engagement, not marriage. Yes, listen, my son. My son, so they form something called oxyhemoglobin. What? Oxygen binds loosely to iron. But stop, my son. Stop, my son. No oxidation, only oxygenation. Write for me. Never let anyone see it in your handout. Engagement, not marriage. What is the wisdom? Yes. Because oxidation is a process of chemical bonding and large chemical bonds. I don't want this to happen. I want hemoglobin to bind to oxygen, and then hemoglobin, I mean, to bind to oxygen and then release it at the cell. So, are they strongly attached, or do they release each other easily? God bless you. That's what's required. Therefore, oxygenation, not oxidation. Engagement, not marriage. Good. Okay. The second reaction. It is possible for hemoglobin to carry carbon dioxide. Does anyone know? Send me this phone. By God, I will send it. Here, girl, give me the phone. I know that in situations like this, I give it to you in two days, for example. And I'll tell you something, do whatever you want. A week, doctor. A week. By God, in. You are proving me wrong. [Laughter] Anyone who has this application is a bad person, and we will talk after the lecture. [Laughter] We will talk after the lecture. I want you to. Later, I will tell you. Okay, later. Come on, come on, come on. Hemoglobin, just as it binds to oxygen, it binds to what? Carbon dioxide. When it binds to oxygen, it forms oxyhemoglobin. When it binds to carbon dioxide, it forms carbaminohemoglobin. It forms what? Carbamino. You know, my son, the ring, the alpha, alpha, beta, beta ring. This ring is what carries carbon dioxide. So, it carries oxygen where? In the divalent iron atom. And it carries carbon dioxide where? Where? Say with me, on the polypeptide chain. Is the كلام difficult? Oxyhemoglobin with oxygen. Carbaminohemoglobin with carbon dioxide. Is the كلام difficult? Difficult كلام? No. But there is a gas called carbon monoxide. If hemoglobin binds to carbon monoxide, it forms carboxyhemoglobin. Don't forget, I beg you. With carbon dioxide, carbamino. What is this? It's very strange. Okay, because what is more important than work is organizing work. Come on, my dear. You know, when you come to study, you arrange the desk. There's no dust. You make a beautiful cup of coffee. You turn on incense next to it. You turn on some Quran. You turn on the air conditioner. You wipe the chair. You wipe the floor. And you go to sleep. The desk won't reward you. Damn this stupidity. Sit down and study. Important. Come on, my dear. Look, my father. So, if it's bound to carbon dioxide, carbamino. If it binds to carbon monoxide, carboxyhemoglobin. A disaster. This carboxyhemoglobin, or carbon monoxide, will kill you, my son. It comes from incomplete combustion of organic materials. Who likes the smell of gasoline here? Oh my God. It's more girls than boys. What do you want me to tell you? And you come to university at this age in big buses. They emit. Yes, they emit foul car exhaust. These exhaust fumes, these exhaust fumes are full of carbon monoxide because it's incomplete combustion of gasoline. So, if we lock you in a room with that bus and let it emit carbon monoxide, and you keep inhaling, do you know that carbon monoxide goes, my esteemed doctor, and binds to the place of oxygen? So hemoglobin can't bind oxygen. The brain goes without oxygen. It faints. Faints what? So it blocks oxygen transport. Again, hemoglobin with oxygen, oxyhemoglobin, oxygenation, not oxidation. Oxygenation, not oxidation. Engagement, not marriage. Hemoglobin with carbon dioxide, carbaminohemoglobin, it's carried on the polypeptide chain. Hemoglobin with carbon monoxide forms carboxyhemoglobin, and it binds to hemoglobin, preventing the transport of what? Oxygen. Good. Okay. Then, my esteemed doctor, the last reaction you have here. There are many oxidizing agents present in the body or in the atmosphere in general. Oxidizing agents called oxidants. What are they called? Yes, I fear them and hate them immensely. Do you know, my son, where oxidants are found? In food, in air, in your breath. There was a period when there were girls on television saying, "Regain your youth, goodbye to old age with antioxidants." Did it happen or not? Do you remember those advertisements, my friends? Did you attend them, really? Anyway, this is a scam. Why? Because, my son, these oxidizing agents are what age you. They cause wrinkles and all that. And these oxidizing agents are also present naturally in normal amounts. But how does God protect the body from them? There are sacrifices. There are what, young people? There are things inside the body that sacrifice themselves and get oxidized instead of the body's cells, like a compound called glutathione. Never mind that for now. But, my son, if an oxidant oxidizes hemoglobin, do you know where the disaster is? It will convert divalent iron to what? Trivalent iron. This is very bad. So the shape of the RBC becomes dark current or dark colored. Its shape becomes like this, and it loses the ability to carry oxygen because I said what carries oxygen? Fe +2. So if it becomes +3, it cannot carry oxygen. Does this happen naturally in the body? Yes, but in a small amount. A very small amount. Normally, there is a small amount of methemoglobin because if the oxidant oxidizes hemoglobin, it will convert it to methemoglobin. So it's called what? It is formed in normal amounts, it's fine. But it's oxidized. The solution? What do I do to it? Reduction. Again, again, again. It's oxidized. I want to return it to normal. What do I do? Reduction. Reduction by an enzyme called NADH. Hemoglobin reduction. What does reduction mean? Reductase. Does reduction require hydrogen? Yes. So, NADH will give you hydrogen, and reductase performs reduction of what? Methemoglobin. So this is an enzyme God created in the body so that if some hemoglobin is oxidized and becomes methemoglobin, it works on it. NADH, methemoglobin reductase. It converts it from methemoglobin back to normal hemoglobin. What if a patient is born? What if a patient is what? Born. This patient, be careful, there is a printing error here. He has a deficiency or, sorry, no, no, no. Look, look, look. No, the handout is correct. I read it wrong. This patient has an enzyme deficiency. A deficiency in this enzyme. Does he know how to convert methemoglobin back to hemoglobin? So, methemoglobin will do what? It will increase. It will make the blood color a little bluish, right? And this is called hereditary methemoglobinemia. The word "emia" means in the blood. Increased methemoglobin. This disease is a hereditary disease. This enzyme is not present in the whole family. So it's called hereditary methemoglobinemia. They have high methemoglobin and can't convert it back to normal hemoglobin due to the enzyme that converts it, which is NADH methemoglobin reductase enzyme, which is not present. We will stop here. Okay. Done. [Applause] Tomorrow and the day after, God Almighty willing. By the way, by the way, listen to me for a second. Look at the handout. How many pages? How many pages is the handout? What page are you on? So you are moving. Yes, be careful. Be careful. Tomorrow we will finish RBCs, God willing. Tomorrow we finish what? RBCs. Good luck. Success. And the merchants in the weapon.