Transcription
We come to the Trinity. You know how to bless yourself in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. Amen.
When you say "in the name of the Father," you put your hand to your forehead. When you say "in the name of the Son," you put your hand below to the breast. And when you say "the Holy Spirit," you place your hand first on your left shoulder, then on your right. Right. In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. Amen.
Notice that when you do that, you also make the sign of the cross, which is a redemption. You were baptized in the name of the Trinity, and our Blessed Lord often spoke of it. For example, when he said, "Going, teach ye all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit." Our Blessed Lord did not say "in the name of... in the name of..." because there's only one nature, the nature of God.
The Trinity means there are three persons in God and only one nature. Without going into very profound explanations of nature and person, a nature answers the question "what," and a person answers the question "who." I repeat, there are three persons in God and only one nature. And a person in the Trinity does not mean the same as a person in this world. A person in the Trinity is not someone with hands and feet and a beard. A person in the Trinity means a relation or a relationship.
For example, there's a road that runs between Chicago and New York. There's a road that runs between New York and Chicago. It's the same road, but it is a different road under a different relationship. You see how out of one thing you get the multiple? Remember your chemistry. What was the chemical symbol for water? H2O. That is its nature. It has only one nature. But is it possible to have various relationships within that one nature? Most certainly. H2O can be a liquid. It can be ice. It can be steam. Is the liquid a different nature from H2O? No. The ice? No. The steam? No. Somehow or other, the three are in one. Just as in the sun, there is substance, light, and heat, and yet only one sun.
Now we're going to apply this in some way to the Trinity, which is a great and tremendous mystery. And when I get through, I will not have explained it to you. I remember once having spent an hour describing with analogies the Trinity to someone who was taking instructions, and I insisted very much upon the fact that it was a mystery. When I finished, the good lady said, "At the beginning, you said that this was a mystery. It's no longer a mystery to me. You made it perfectly clear." Well, I said, "Madam, if I made it perfectly clear to you, I did not explain it right. It should be a mystery, and it will be when I finish."
There are various ways of approaching the subject, and I'm going to start very low. I'm going to start with life to show you that life is complex, and then we're gradually going to take life right up to the Trinity by analogy. It will seem as if I'm a million miles away from it, but bear with me. I hope the explanation will not be like that of a lawyer who, arguing before a judge, went into a long history of cases, legal decisions, precedence, and in the most confusing way. He had a dim suspicion that he was not perfectly clear, and he said to the judge, "Your Honor, do you follow me?" The judge said, "Uh, yes." He said, "I do, but if I knew the way back, I would leave you now." So I beg you, bear with me.
Life. What is it? That mysterious thing that is bound up with all of our pleasures and destiny? That thing which thrills me and saddens me? Sometimes seems the greatest of all gifts, and at other times the most burdensome? That thing which I know best and which I know least? What is it? The first obvious answer is given to us by the commonplace things round about us. We always associate life with some kind of movement or activity. If we see an animal lying motionless in the field, it gives rise to the suspicion that possibly the animal is dead, because there seems to be no movement. And then when a child is full of exuberance and joy, we say it's full of life. Notice that we associate life with movement. And our explanation and description is really not too bad.
When you come to a more scientific definition, you find out that the movement or the activity has to be what is called "immanent." Has to be inside of the thing. There's another kind of movement which is called "transitive." For example, the light that seems to come from phosphorus, heat that comes from a radiator. It has no power of generating heat within itself. It just passes from the outside. A stove, for example, has purely transitive activity. So does radium. A stone rolling down a hill has transitive activity. But life, on the other side, has this different kind of activity which is called immanent. It is from the inside.
Now let us try and find a law concerning this life. And the law is: note it carefully. The greater the immanent activity, the higher the life. In other words, the more the activity is inside of the living thing, the higher it is. All creation, as you know, is a pyramid. At the base of the pyramid is the material, chemical order. Then there are plants and animals, and man, angels, from God. We are now going to apply this law. It is so universal that it can be verified in every one of the orders.
A stone, as we know, has no immanent activity. Though Michelangelo, when he finished the statue of Moses, struck it with his chisel. "See," he said, "speak!" It seems so lifelike that really it ought to be full of speech, but it had no interactivity. But there's interactivity in a plant. It always has its mouth to the breast of Mother Nature, and it takes up into itself all the vital elements that are needed for it.
When you come to an animal, it has higher life than the plant. The plant has the power of vegetation, has the power of generation, we're getting seeds. But the animal has two powers, immanent powers, that the plant does not. One is the ability to move, and the other is the ability to see, to taste, to touch, and to smell, what is called sense activity. A plant cannot decide during the winter to move from New York down to Florida or California. We have to be very fair in our examples. But an animal can move from light to shade. Then, thanks to its sense knowledge, it gets the outside world inside of itself. It possesses an inner world. A dog to know its master's voice.
When you come now to man, is there a higher activity? Oh, yes. Thinking and willing. Man has all of the immanent activity of plants and animals, but he has also something else that plants and animals have not: knowledge and love. First of all, he thinks. He thinks thoughts like faith, justice, hope, relationship, fortitude. Where do these thoughts come from? They're not in the outside world. You never saw faith out for a walk. You never saw fortitude eating a dessert. You never saw relationship climbing a hill. Where did you get these ideas? Your mind generated them. Your mind is fun. Do not think the only kind of generation in the world is the generation that the animal has and that a human being has to beget his kind. There's the chase generation of the mind, the ability to beget ideas or words.
How come to another point about the mind. When the mind begets an idea, generates something, what it generates does not fall from itself like an apple falls from a tree, like an animal falls from its kind when it is born. The fruit of our mind stays inside of the mind. All we got to do is just simply look into the mind. There it is. It is distinct from the mind, but it is never separate. That is why when I want to find a thought, I just go back into my mind. I do not look on a shelf for it.
Take now the will. We have a will, and we can choose. We can love, and we have the power, thanks to our will, of loving that which we think about. We can love the truth. Love the truth, even that is in our own mind. We do not always need to love things that are outside of us. That's the amazing thing about our will is that our loves, just like our thoughts, can be immanent on the inside of us.
We will not have time to touch how the angels think, but let us go to God. God is perfect life, therefore he will have perfect immanent activity. I say perfect immanent activity since he's a spirit. We will have to understand that perfect immanent activity after the analogy of our own, namely, after the intellect and our will. So we look inside of ourselves to find some faint resemblance to this divine life.
Now, we said what we do in our mind is to think and also to love. Now, God also thinks. And what does God think? He thinks a thought or a word. That thought of God or that word of God is distinct from him, but it is not separate from him, as my thought is not separate from my mind, though distinct from my mind. I have many thoughts, so do you. But God has only one thought, and in that one thought or one word is contained all of the knowledge that is possible, all things that are known and can be known. God, therefore, does not need any word but that one word, which is the image and the splendor of his substance.
Now recall the words of the Gospel of John: "The Word became flesh and dwelt amongst us." It was the Word that became flesh, the Son of God, the second person of the Trinity. The thought of God. Or you may ask, "Well, why do we call him the Son of God?" Oh, that's not difficult to answer. Did we not say that you generate the thought in your mind or the word that is in your mind? Did we not say there's a higher generation than carnal generation? Well, God generates an eternal Word. Now, applying it to the human order, what do we call the principle of generation? The Father. Do we not? And what is the term of generation in the earthly order? A son. All right. Instead of calling God who thinks "the Thinker," and instead of calling the thought or the word of God just "the thought," why not call God who thinks "the Father," and why not call the God or the person who is the thought "the Son"? That is why the Word that became flesh is called the Son. That is why the psalmist said, "Thou art my Son; this day have I begotten thee." And the Son of God became the Son of Man. And the Son of God who became the Son of Man is Jesus Christ, our Lord.
Now let us take another analogy. We have yet the third person of the Blessed Trinity. We said we not only think, but we also love. Now, love is a relationship. It's a movement toward that which is loved, to unite it to oneself. I love you simply because I am communicating to you truth. Now, love is not something in me. Love is not something in you. Love is a mysterious bond uniting both of us. Love, therefore, is always to be understood as something that unites. And notice too, that though love is love is distinct from the thought, it proceeds from the thought and also from the Thinker.
God loves. God loves his perfection. Every being loves its perfection. The perfection of the eye is color; it loves color. The perfection of the ear is harmony; it loves harmony. The perfection of the stomach is food; it loves the food. The perfection of God the Father is God the Son. The perfection of God the Thinker is God the Word, is the Word of God. And the Father loves the Son. Love is not something in the Father alone. Love is not something in the Son alone. Love is a mysterious bond uniting the two. And because here we are dealing not with the personal and the biological, but with something infinite, that love cannot express itself by canticles, by words, by embraces. It cannot express itself liken to the anything that we have on this earth. It can only express itself by that which signifies the very fullness and exhaustion of all giving, namely, aai something that lies too deep. All deep love is speechless. That bond of love that unites Father and Son is called the Holy Breath, Holy Spirit, holy love.
Just as color, the perfume, and the beauty of the rose do not make three roses but one, just as one * one * one do not make three, one, just as I am, I think, and I love, and yet I have only one nature, so in a far more mysterious way, there are three persons in God, only one God. Thus, there is in God a tremendous, encircling love. God is life, truth, and love. Now we know the life is the Father, the truth is the Son, and love is the Holy Spirit. And with John Donne, we say:
"Batter my heart, three-personed God, for you
As yet but knock, breathe, shine, and seek to mend;
That I may rise, and stand, o'erthrow me, and bend
Your force to break, blow, burn, and make me new.
I, like a usurped town, to another vie
Labor to admit you, but oh, to no end.
Reason, your viceroy in me, me should defend,
But is captured, and proves weak or untrue.
Yet dearly I love you, and would be loved, feign,
But am betrothed unto your enemy.
Divorce me, untie me, or break that knot again;
Take me to you, imprison me, for I,
Except you enthrall me, never shall be free,
Nor ever chaste, except you ravish me."