زمكان | عمر بن الخطاب | الجزء1 | أعزّ الله به الإسلام

He was Quraish's man, fighter, knight, ambassador, and its tongue if it needed to argue. He openly accepted Islam and migrated to Medina in broad light; he's Al-Farooq Omar ibn Al-Khattab.

Omar bin Al-Khattab with Naif BD | Part 1. Don't forget to subscribe and turn on the notifications. Thanks to all those who participated in "Pizza Hut Jedda's" of Al-Asma'i's contest. In Abu Ja'afr al-Mansur's episode part 2, we've decided to delay the winner picking till next week. So those who missed their chance and still want to take part in the contest, you have one more week.

He is Omar ibn al-Khattab ibn Nufayl ibn Abdul Izza al-Qurashi al-Adawi. Al-Adawai comes from Adi ibn Ka'ab. And through Ka'ab's bloodline, Omar and the Prophet share a kinship. Bani Adi is one of Quraish's clans in Mecca. They were considered a lower household than Bani Hashim, Bani Umayyah, or Bani al-Mutaleb, but they're all descending from Bani Qussai. Who had the famous Six Laws, or we could say six responsibilities, that was the backbone of laws and how everything was running in Mecca, and they are: AlHijaba (Maintaining Ka'ba), AlSiqaya and Alrifada (Serving the Pilgrims), AlNadwa (council of clan leaders), AlLiwa (Carrying clans banners), AlRyasa (commanding the clans). Banu Adi were a little different; they were known for the Shura Council and the Embassy. They had a strong influence since Mecca was ruled by Quraish clans. Mecca at that time was a religious and a trading point, linking between the Levant and Yemen.

So Omar's grandfather, Nufayl ibn Abdul al-Izza, was a judge between clans. At any major issue, they seek al-Khattab's grandfather for judgment. There was a tale of a feud going between Bani Umayah and Bani Abdul Mutaleb, and it was so strong. They had to seek Najashi, the ruler of the Kingdom of Aksum, for judgment. But they refused him and accepted Nofiel ibn Abdul al-Izza.

As for his father, al-Khattab ibn Nufayl, he was like his father, known in Quraish for being extremely strict and stiff with people. And was one of the people no one wants to be on the wrong side with. He was a man of battles, known for his participation in Fujjar War and all that took place before the beginning of Islam. He deeply clung into his clan's traditions and he worshiped idols wholeheartedly as it was common in Mecca.

To demonstrate how much he was attached to them, his nephew Zayd ibn Amr ibn Nufayl converted to Millat Ibrahim. Which is basically worshiping the One who created everything. Zayd refused worshiping idols and he started a calling for Millat Ibrahim in Mecca. Al-Khattab always stopped him; one time he trapped him in a cave and made men from Quraish be his jailers. And he ordered them to prevent him from going to Mecca, why? He didn't want him to meet people and convert them.

This roughness and harsh treatment are what Omar grew within. He had a difficult childhood, under the wing of a ruthless father without any luxury or wealth. Omar was born one year after the year of the Elephant and 27 years before Muhammad's first revelation. He was born in a cave since Bani Adi were known for inhabiting caves and making them their homes. That area is known nowadays as "Jabal Omar/Omar's mountain" in Mecca; it's still lively and still carries the same name.

Once Omar grew enough to be considered a young lad, his father started to make him overwork. Doing what? Tending camels, not only his father's but also his aunts', who are descendants of Bani Makhzum. His mother was Hantamah bint Hisham bin al-Mogeira, Abu Jahil's cousin. As a result of tending camels under Mecca's searing sun and the ruthlessness from his father, Omar acquired very masculine characteristics in terms of power, stiffness, and bass strength. They were in harmony with his physical appearance; he was tall, physically powerful and had strong built muscles. Adding to that, he was a renowned wrestler, and anyone who fought him was tackled down. Except for one time, he was knocked down by Khalid bin al-Waleed. They were about the same age and physical build; people with bad eyesight would always mix them together. And at night people would be confused if it was Khalid bin al-Waleed or Oman bin al-Khattab.

Omar learnt reading and writing by Harb ibn Umayah, Aby Sufyan's father. He was one of the few who were able to master these skills, since at that time Arab weren't known for reading and writing. They were known for memorizing and speaking. Since Arabic is a rhythmic and very poetic language, nearly musical at describing. So they always relied on memorizing and speaking. Al-Khattab had interest in literature and learning of his clan's history. Though not a poet himself, he developed a love for poetry and reciting it. He had eloquence of the tongue, was able to understand the strangest words. Sometimes, he'd use these odd words which had a ring on the ears. And he'd utilize them at crucial moments. However, his known demeanor is to use simple and wise words.

As known for people of Quraish, he worked as a merchant during his youth. He traveled during his work in winter and summer between the Levant and Yemen. Thus becoming one of the wealthy men in Quraish at that time. Omar had a rough upbringing, yet he learned trading and became rich and lived as a rich man. Till he became a caliphate; that's where everything changed. He was known for several things before Islam; he was known for clearing disputes between opponents. He inherited it from his father and grandfather. Leading him to become Quraish's ambassador. To talk on their behalf if it was needed, and everyone would agree to al-Farooq's judgment. If other clans started to flex and show off, Quraish would flex and show off with Omar bin al-Khattab. If they wanted someone with a strong tone, it's Omar. And if they wanted someone who's lean as he clears arguments, it's also Omar bin al-Khattab.

At his youth, he lived according to his father's and grandfather's teachings, and he was loyal to their idol worshiping. And followed all of its traditions and rituals. He truly represented his family in every aspect; their chivalry, toughness, devotion, and even their love for drinking. Omar was fond of drinking in his pre-Islamic days and he said about himself as a drinker. He features were mentioned; he was a handsome man with rough hands and big steps. He was tall, and when he walks among people he would instantly stand out. He was bald, didn't have broad shoulders, and the endings of his mustache were thick. Because he used to comb them like this. They said if he was pondering or angry he used to make that gesture. He wasn't thin either; his footsteps would have an impact whenever he marched. His voice was strong, sent waves of fear at anyone he shouted at, and some even fainted. He had a grand prestige.

The calling of Muhammad started, that there is only One God and Muhammad is his prophet. But Omar was strongly and ruthlessly against it from the very start; he sided with the elders of Ouraish. Such as Zayd ibn al-Mogira and others. Omar didn't oppose Muhammad from a personal perspective. People at that time were worried because Islam is against slavery and most of them had many slaves. And someone must have had three pubs and he was worried too. Because if alcohol was forbidden he won't have a job. But Omar al-Khattab didn't oppose or disregard the new religion out of personal gain. He looked at the bigger picture; this new religion was a threat. Which will effect the people's unity, something Omar will never accept. Because he inherited the position of solving disagreements from his family. In addition to being a true follower of traditions, so it was impossible for him to accept this calling. He never thought of letting it grow and increase. And ruin their society, so he devoted himself to prevent this new religion.

At first, the calling was in secret for three years. Then it became public, and that's when more issues started to appear, especially that believers' numbers were small and some of them feared Omar knowing about them. Because that meant he will become their enemy and that meant a different and harsh treatment from him. One time he was torturing a woman called Loubaiba. Loubaiba was a slave-woman of Bani Mo'mal; Omar was fed up from torturing her for so long. And he told her: "I apologize; I'm only leaving you because I became bored." She replied: "God will torture you for longer if you don't believe." Abu Bakur bought her then he freed her.

Omar bin Al-Khattab had always been a man of principles and very frank. He wasn't one to mess around pre and after Islam. He didn't like ambiguity and always spoke his mind without fear. Those were some of the reasons that made the prophet pray: 'O, Allah. Strengthen Islam with either Omar or Abu Jahl, whomsoever Thou likest'. The prayer was answered in Omar's favor. The prophet was aware of Omar's bravery, strength and is known for speaking out his beliefs. His convention to Islam added more strength and power to it and to Muslims as well.

Five years had passed since the start of Islam, and as we entered the sixth year. Nothing changed in Omar's beliefs. But before we dive in the story of Omar's converting to Islam. Some situations happened and they made him kinder on Muslims. Because he was astonished at their steadfastness and their tolerance of harm. Despite the harm they had coming from well-known families such as Amar ibn Yaser's family and Bilal ibn Rabah's family among others. For example, Um Abdulallah bint Hantamah, she's one of the Muslim women immigrating to Ethiopia. As she was preparing her belongings for the first immigration. This story was told by her so she said "When we were getting ready for our travel, Omar came to us and he stood before me. He was so cruel and without the slightest form of kindness towards us, so he told me: "Are you leaving, Um Abdulallah? Are you abandoning, forsaking, departing and deserting your family? Your money? Are you going away, Um Abdulallah?" I said Yes, we will walk through God's lands, you hurt and tortured us, you wronged us. We'll walk away till God make us victors." This is when Omar started to become kinder. He was surprised by true strength this moment, after all he was the one to know what real strength is. So he said to Um Abdulallah "Godspeed". Um Abdulallah said: "I've never seen him so gentle." "When Amr ibn Rabi'ah came to me, I told him of what happened between me and Omar bin al-Khattab. He turned to me and said: 'Seems like you wanted him to become Muslim?' I told him 'Yes, I wanted to'. He replied: 'By Allah, Omar will not be a Muslim till Al-Khattab's donkey does!' That's just how much everyone was convinced that Omar bin Al-Khattab will never convert to Islam.

One time, Omar mentioned an encounter of his with the Prophet and he said "I found him ahead of me on his way to a Masji, he was taking the lead of the prayer and I was behind him. He started with Surat Al-Haqqah "The Reality". And I started to wonder of Quran's composition. I told myself 'He is a poet as Quraish said' and at the same moment the Prophet recited: (That it is indeed the speech of an illustrious messenger. It is not poet's speech - little is it that ye believe). So Omar in his head was like "He's a priest". But the Prophet was still reciting Quran and he said: But he didn't convert. Omar thought on his own, about the state of Mecca and how it became a lonely place after the separation that has occurred. After all Muslims left them. So he decided to solve this problem for once and all by killing the Prophet -PBUH-.

Enraged, he took his sword and went out in a search for the Prophet. At that time the Prophet was with his companions at 'Dar Al-Arqam'; they were learning about Islam in secret. On his way over there he met Nua'im ibn Abdulallah. And Omar was walking really fast so when he saw him walk like that Nua'im asked "Why are you walking like this?" Omar said: "I'm looking for Muhammad". Nua'im asked: "What's going on between you two?" Omar replied: "Show me his whereabouts". Nua'im told him: "O, Misery upon your walk! Have you gotten ahead of yourself, Omar?" Then Omar said: "Woe, upon you! Nua'im are you a Sabian?!" Sabian is the act of someone going crazy and leave his religion to follow another; it's an improper phrase. Nua'im said: "Go back to your home and family to see became a Sabian". He meant his sister Fatima and her husband Sa'ed ibn Zayd, his relative. Omar became furious so he grabbed the man and said "What did you say?" He told him: "Go home and look".

Omar bin Al-Khattab lost his mind and headed to his family home. His sister, Fatima and her husband Saed had Khabab ibn Al-Arth at their home. He was teaching them Quran. And by coincidence they were reading Surat TaHa. They somehow felt his (Omar) approach; Khabab was still a boy of 17 years old. He hid behind the door since he had no business with Omar bin Al-Khattab. Omar walked in and asked: "What are you two doing?" Saed said: "O, Omar! Don't you think the truth could be in something other than your religion?" Omar tackled him, knocked him down, and beat him up. So Fatima rushed to save her husband and said "Woe! Woe upon you! What would you do if the truth was in something other than your religion?" Becoming more angry, Omar hit her face so hard she started to bleed and she fell; upon falling the scripture she was reading was revealed. Omar was about to pick it up but Fatima hurried to take the paper away from him. He said: "Woe upon you! What are you doing? Give me the paper". Despite bleeding from her face and the rage of Omar before her, Fatima was fearless and confidant as she replied: "You are unclean, and no unclean person can touch the Scripture". "If you want to touch it wash your body". I mean that's-- it's a difficult situation but she's his sister! They grew up alike; she can withstand anything.

That was a crucial moment in Omar's life. Despite his anger, he found more anger and despair than his. So he wondered what kind of religion turns his family into an enemy? It how come it gave people such strength and making them become so fearless? And Omar by his own nature hated injustice. And he was fond of brave people who can take their rights by their hands. All of that was the result of what he experienced in his past. He's from Bani Adi, who were considered in comparison to Bani Umayyah, Bani Makhzum and Bani Hashim. Lower than them, even in wealth they were also less rich. So he knew what being wronged and discriminated felt like. The only solace saw in his family's position is being able to serve justice and demands people's rights. He was known for his patience and making sure to hear the story from involved parties. That was a trait of Bani Adi since they were judges in people's affairs. How do you think he'd act now with the person before him? his sister? He was able at that moment to take the scripture by force knowing that no one can stop him. Because they were afraid of him. However, his heart softened. He ignored the demon on his shoulder and washed up to take the scripture. Fatima gave him the scripture and here Omar started to read the beginning of Surat "In the name of of Allah, Most Gracious; Most Merciful.". He paused and pondered: "Most Gracious; Most Merciful?" "Beautiful names with great meanings". "Most Gracious" Wasn't a common phrase in Mecca at that time. So it was something new on the ears. He continued: "Ta Ha (O, Man), We did not bestow the Quran on thee from on high to make thee unhappy. But as a reminder unto him who feareth". Everyone was quiet, listening to Omar as he read. He seemed to have calmed down as he kept reading, even his demon followed. Even Khabab, the kid hiding behind the door, came out as Omar was reading in Surat TaHa till he reached: "Allah, there is no god except He. To Him belong the most Beautiful Names". After he was done reading, Omar said: "The speaker of such words is deemed to be worshiped alone". After that he told Khabab: "Show me Muhammad's whereabouts." Who asked him: "What do you want from him, Omar?" But he insisted on knowing where is Muhammad. As they walked together, Khabab told him: "O, Omar I hope you accept the calling of Allah's prophet." Omar said: "What is his calling?" And he listened to what Khabab told him on the way.

When they reached Dar Al-Arkam, the prophet was with his companions and among them there was Hamza ibn Abdul-Muttalib. Who converted three days ago and Hamza was known for his strength and bravery by everyone. So once Omar reached Dar Al-Arqam. He knocked on the door with his bared sword in hand. The companions were caught by surprise and they became bewildered. Hamza asked: "What's gotten into you?" They said: "Omar!" He said: "Omar and?? Open the door for him. If he came with good intentions we shall return them. And if he came with ill ones, we kill him with his sword." The Prophet walked out and found Omar at the Masjid already. So the Prophet grabbed him by his cloths and his sword beards, he strongly pulled him and said: "Will you not back down Omar, until God descends upon you from shame and trouble Al-Walid Bin Al-Mugheerah had suffered? Oh Allah, this Omar bin Al-Khattab! Allah, bless Islam with Omar bin Al-Khattab". And Omar replied: "I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and you are the Prophet of Allah". And he converted to Islam; the ones at the house were cheering so loud they were heard by the people at Masjid; they said: "Yesterday Hamza and today Omar". Which meant that Islam is getting stronger and it will be known. Omar converted on the sixth year of the Prophetic mission.

What happened with Omar was a major event for the calling. It made a drastic change on the Muslim side, especially spirit wise. Despite their numbers not reaching 50 person, they became stronger with Omar's acceptance. The first Muslims hid their religion to avoid the harm and troubles coming from Quraish. But Omar bin Al-Khattab was different; he wasn't the type to hide anything. Like we said he didn't like ambiguity so the first thing he did was knocking on Abu Jahal's doors. Abu Jahal opened the door and greeted Omar: "Welcome Omar, what brings you at this time?" It was in the afternoon, the same where people napped and not the visiting time. So Omar replied to him: "O, enemy of God!" Abu Jahal said: "wut". Omar said: "I came to tell you that I've become a Muslim." Abu Jahal said: "Omar, you're lying." And Omar declares: "I'm truthful, enemy of God!" And Abu Jahal would deny it, saying he's lying. And Omar would repeat: "I'm Muslim. O, enemy of God." He couldn't comprehend it and his reaction was to shut the door at Omar's face. Did you think Omar stopped there? He went to Mecca's gatherings and they didn't know he converted. So he asked: "Who spreads news really fast around here?" They said: "Jameel bin Ma'amar" and he got it. Jameel was a true man of verified news, so he sat next to him and Omar said: "Did you hear the news?" He said: "What news?" Omar said: "I'm Muslim." Of course Jameel was aware that Omar wasn't the lying or joking type. And he is not to say that unless he truly was Muslim. A news of Omar converting was a headline, not something to wait till it's confirmed. So Jameel stood up-- Omar is still next to him, he stood up and shouted at the people by Ka'aba saying "O, People of Ouraish! O, People of Quraish!" They asked: "What's the matter?" -- They knew he had every gossip. He said: "Omar is a Sabian!" Omar was still behind him; he said: "You lie! I've become a Muslim." He didn't even want to hear the word 'Sabain' from him. So Jameel corrected: "Omar is a Muslim! Omar is a Muslim!" People gathered around him till a man came called O'tba bin Rabi'a, one of esteemed men in Mecca. He got worked up and he throw hands at Omar bin Al-Khattab. So Omar tackled him; he picked a fight with the wrong man. Omar tackled him down and fought him, which led O'tba's people join in the fight. They say a huge fight broke that day and it lasted till sunset. They all ganged up against Omar bin Al-Khattab who during all of that told them: "Do what you can, I swear to God if we were three hundreds men, it would have been either left by us or you." Meaning it would've been a fight till death, if I had 300 man with me I would've crushed you. They say during the fight, one of Quraish's elders came to them. He said: "What is happening here?" They said: "Nothing good, Omar bin Al-Khattab is a Sabain." He said: "What of it? He's a man picked another religion. Do you think Bani Ka'ab bin Adi will let you walk around after doing this?" Meaning 'do you think you can withstand Adi? Are you insane?' They stopped.

That's why the news of Omar converting to Islam was shocking to everyone. Because they realized that Muhammad and his people will grow in strength. If Omar, his sworn enemy changed and joined up with him what do the infidels have left? As for Muslims, they were standing victorious after suffering for long and harsh years. Al-Mujahid narrated about bin Al-Abbas: He asked Omar "Why are you called Al-Farooq?" He said: "Hamza converted three days before me". Then he told him of a story happened between him and the Prophet: "O, Prophet of Allah. Are we not on the right path if we live and if we die?" He said: "Yes, by Allah. You are on the right path if you live and if you die." He said: "Then why hiding?" as in 'Why are we praying and learning in secret?' So the Prophet said to him: "What do you see?" He said: "I see we circle Ka'ba (Tawaf)". The prophet listened to Omar and he gathered Muslims to head to Ka'ba. It was a grand sight; Muslims stood in two rows. One is led by Hamza and the other by Omar bin Al-Khattab. With the Prophet standing at the middle. They walked in front of all Quraish and they prayed before Ka'ba. That's why he was called Al-Farooq; he distinguishes between right and wrong. Because that was the first time for Muhammad and his companions to pray before Ka'ba and no one dared to try and harm them in any form, why? Because Omar bin Al-Khattab was between them.

And Omar's converting wasn't out of fear, nor greed, or following the trend of others. It was a choice of an independent, generous and free man. He evaluated the whole situation and he made that choice from a sound and a balanced mind; it was the choice of a brave man who knew his right of being dignified and respected. A choice of a fearless man, who didn't dread the danger of his decision. He converted after seeing the truth with mindset and insight. With Omar's choice, the calling to Islam had stepped into another new level. He openly supported the strong and weak Muslims. And their colliding with the non-believers became public as well since they had nothing to hide. Quraish felt their prestige started to dim unlike what is happening to the group of Muslims.

Ever since he became a Muslim, Omar never parted from the Prophet and Abu Bakur al-Siddiq. It was like the Prophet had two consultants; Omar bin Al-Khattab and Abu Bakur Al-Siddiq. At the second immigration of Muslims to Ethiopia, Omar didn't budge from his spot. Omar remained at Mecca for seven years; he converted seven years after the calling started and stayed in Mecca for seven years. 14 years in total. On the 14th year of the calling, the decision of immigrating to Yathrib (which is Madina now) was made. Since the harm Muslims tried to endure became too excessive. Muslims started to pack their belongings in secret all but for one person. The man who never hid such matters; he was always clear. It's Oman bin Al-Khattab. When he decided to immigrate to Madina. He took his sword and headed to Ka'ba to perform Tawaf, right before people of Quraish. He even prayed there. Then he stood before them all; among them there were Abu Lahab and Abu Jahal; they were well known. He said to them: "Unsightly faces, God shall force you upon these noses. Any one who wants to make his wife a widow and his children orphans should come and meet me there behind that cliff". With full force and confidence he stood before the idolaters.

That was our episode. Next time will narrate Omar's immigration to Madina, Abu Bakur's caliphate, and then Omar bin Al-Khattab's caliphate. I hope you liked the episode; don't forget to subscribe to the channel and turn on the notifications. The more you watch and support us, the more content we will make for you. See you all next week!